1,753 research outputs found
DEoptim: An R Package for Global Optimization by Differential Evolution
This article describes the R package DEoptim, which implements the differential evolution algorithm for global optimization of a real-valued function of a real-valued parameter vector. The implementation of differential evolution in DEoptim interfaces with C code for efficiency. The utility of the package is illustrated by case studies in fitting a Parratt model for X-ray reflectometry data and a Markov-switching generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model for the returns of the Swiss Market Index.
Electroweak baryogenesis from a dark sector
Adding an extra singlet scalar S to the Higgs sector can provide a barrier at tree level between a false vacuum with restored electroweak symmetry and the true one. This has been demonstrated to readily give a strong phase transition as required for electroweak baryogenesis. We show that with the addition of a fermionic dark matter particle chi coupling to S, a simple UV-complete model can realize successful electroweak baryogenesis. The dark matter gets a CP asymmetry that is transferred to the standard model through a CP portal interaction, which we take to be a coupling of chi to tau leptons and an inert Higgs doublet. The CP asymmetry induced in left-handed tau leptons biases sphalerons to produce the baryon asymmetry. The model has promising discovery potential at the LHC, while robustly providing a large enough baryon asymmetry and correct dark matter relic density with reasonable values of the couplings.Peer reviewe
DEoptim: An R Package for Global Optimization by Differential Evolution
This article describes the R package DEoptim, which implements the differential evolution algorithm for global optimization of a real-valued function of a real-valued parameter vector. The implementation of differential evolution in DEoptim interfaces with C code for efficiency. The utility of the package is illustrated by case studies in fitting a Parratt model for X-ray reflectometry data and a Markov-switching generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model for the returns of the Swiss Market Index
Transient Accelerated Expansion and Double Quintessence
We consider Double Quintessence models for which the Dark Energy sector
consists of two coupled scalar fields. We study in particular the possibility
to have a transient acceleration in these models. In both Double Quintessence
models studied here, it is shown that if acceleration occurs, it is necessarily
transient. We consider also the possibility to have transient acceleration in
two one-field models, the Albrecht-Skordis model and the pure exponential.
Using separate conservative constraints (marginalizing over the other
parameters) on the effective equation of state , the relative density
of the Dark Energy and the present age of the universe, we
construct scenarios with a transient acceleration that has already ended at the
present time, and even with no acceleration at all, but a less conservative
analysis using the CMB data rules out the last possibility. The scenario with a
transient acceleration ended by today, can be implemented for the range of
cosmological parameters and .Comment: Version accepted in Phys. Rev. D, 22 pages, 10 figures, 4 table
Provider Self-Report and Practice: Reassessment and Referral of Emergency Department Patients With Elevated Blood Pressure
Background We attempted to identify patient factors associated with blood pressure (BP) reassessment and to compare health-care provider self-reported reassessment and referral to actual practice in an emergency department (ED) setting. Methods Provider reassessment and referral practices were determined through systematic review of 1,250 medical records at five EDs. Medical records were included if patients were ≥18 years, nonpregnant, presented with a systolic (SBP) ≥140 or diastolic BP (DBP) ≥90 mm Hg, and discharged. A separate questionnaire obtained self-reported practice patterns of health-care providers. Multivariate logistic regression identified factors associated with patient BP reassessment and referral. Results Of 1,250 patients, only 57% underwent BP reassessment and 9% received a referral for outpatient management. The most significant independent variables related to a reassessment were as follows: treatment of elevated BP in the ED (odds ratio (OR): 6.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.80-20.31), chest pain (OR: 3.90; 95% CI: 2.37-6.42), and presence of an ED reassessment protocol (OR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.77-3.50). The most significant factors associated with a referral included treatment of elevated BP in the ED (OR: 5.55; 95% CI: 2.72-11.32), presence of a reassessment protocol (OR: 2.58; 95% CI: 1.32-5.05), and a BP reassessment (OR: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.34-4.89). For self-reported practice patterns, 379 (72%) health-care providers completed questionnaires. Providers consistently overestimated their referral practices, yet the mean referral threshold values reported (SBP, 150 mm Hg; DBP, 93 mm Hg) were lower than the mean BP values of patients who actually received a directed referral (SBP, 170 mm Hg; DBP, 97 mm Hg, P < 0.0001). Conclusions Reassessment and referral of discharged ED patients with elevated BP was infrequent and health-care providers overestimate their reassessment and referral effort
Baryogenesis and gravity waves from a UV-completed electroweak phase transition
We study gravity wave production and baryogenesis at the electroweak phase transition in a real singlet scalar extension of the Standard Model, including vectorlike top partners, to generate the CP violation needed for electroweak baryogenesis (EWBG). The singlet makes the phase transition strongly first order through its coupling to the Higgs boson, and it spontaneously breaks CP invariance through a dimension-five contribution to the top quark mass term, generated by integrating out the heavy top quark partners. We improve on previous studies by incorporating updated transport equations, compatible with large bubble wall velocities. The wall speed and thickness are computed directly from the microphysical parameters rather than treating them as free parameters, allowing for a first-principles computation of the baryon asymmetry. The size of the CP-violating dimension-five operator needed for EWBG is constrained by collider, electroweak precision, and renormalization group running constraints. We identify regions of parameter space that can produce the observed baryon asymmetry or observable gravitational wave (GW) signals. Contrary to standard lore, we find that for strong deflagrations, the efficiencies of large baryon asymmetry production and strong GW signals can be positively correlated. However, we find the overall likelihood of observably large GW signals to be smaller than estimated in previous studies. In particular, only detonation-type transitions are predicted to produce observably large gravitational waves.Peer reviewe
From heaviness to lightness during inflation
We study the quantum fluctuations of scalar fields with a variable effective
mass during an inflationary phase. We consider the situation where the
effective mass depends on a background scalar field, which evolves during
inflation from being frozen into a damped oscillatory phase when the Hubble
parameter decreases below its mass. We find power spectra with suppressed
amplitude on large scales, similar to the standard massless spectrum on small
scales, and affected by modulations on intermediate scales. We stress the
analogies and differences with the parametric resonance in the preheating
scenario. We also discuss some potentially observable consequences when the
scalar field behaves like a curvaton.Comment: 23 pages; 8 figures; published versio
DEoptim: An R Package for Global Optimization by Differential Evolution
This article describes the R package DEoptim which implements the differential evolution algorithm for the global optimization of a real-valued function of a real-valued parameter vector. The implementation of differential evolution in DEoptim interfaces with C code for efficiency. The utility of the package is illustrated via case studies in fitting a Parratt model for X-ray reflectometry data and a Markov-Switching Generalized
AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (MSGARCH) model for the returns of the Swiss Market Index
DEoptim: An R Package for Global Optimization by Differential Evolution
This article describes the R package DEoptim which implements the differential evolution algorithm for the global optimization of a real-valued function of a real-valued parameter vector. The implementation of differential evolution in DEoptim interfaces with C code for efficiency. The utility of the package is illustrated via case studies in fitting a Parratt model for X-ray reflectometry data and a Markov-Switching Generalized
AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (MSGARCH) model for the returns of the Swiss Market Index
DEoptim: An R Package for Global Optimization by Differential Evolution
This article describes the R package DEoptim which implements the differential evolution algorithm for the global optimization of a real-valued function of a real-valued parameter vector. The implementation of differential evolution in DEoptim interfaces with C code for efficiency. The utility of the package is illustrated via case studies in fitting a Parratt model for X-ray reflectometry data and a Markov-Switching Generalized
AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (MSGARCH) model for the returns of the Swiss Market Index
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