Organic peroxide reactivity

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Alien Registration- Graham, Clifford R. (Monticello, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/33891/thumbnail.jp

Atypical responses of rat ileum to pindolol, cyanopindolol and iodocyanopindolol

Pindolol, cyanopindolol (CYP) and iodocyanopindolol (IodoCYP) have been reported to act either as antagonists, agonists or partial agonists at the β3-adrenoceptor in different preparations. A comprehensive investigation has not yet been described with these compounds tested in one tissue from one species. This study was conducted to delineate the pharmacological effects of pindolol, CYP and IodoCYP and to provide data on their affinities at the predominant β-adrenoceptor in rat ileum. The β-adrenoceptors present in rat ileum were characterized in the presence of CGP 20712A and ICI 118 551, atropine and corticosterone, with (−)−isoprenaline used as an agonist. The role of the β1 and β2-adrenoceptors was determined by the omission of either CGP 20712A, ICI 118 551, or both, from the buffers. Conversely, the effectiveness of the β1- and β2-adrenoceptor blockade was examined by use of the β1-adrenoceptor-selective agonist, RO 363 and the β2-adrenoceptor-selective agonist, salbutamol. There was no evidence for the presence of functional β1-adrenoceptors, and no strong evidence that β2-adrenoceptor stimulation contributed to the relaxant effects of (−)−isoprenaline. (−)−Phenylephrine did not produce relaxation of the tissue and 5-hydroxytryptamine produced contraction. The β3-adrenoceptor-selective agonist, BRL 37344 and (−)−isoprenaline were potent full agonists (pD2 8.35 ± 0.04 and 7.76 ± 0.14 respectively), whereas ICI D7114 was less potent (pseudo pD2 6.92 ± 0.15). These results indicate that the predominant functional β-adrenoceptors in rat ileum are β3-adrenoceptors. Partial agonist effects were produced by CYP (pD2 5.28 ± 0.26) and IodoCYP (pD2 7.0 ± 0.26), but not pindolol. All three compounds antagonized the effects of (−)−isoprenaline with pKb values of 6.68 ± 0.10, 7.59 ± 0.07 and 7.59 ± 0.11 for pindolol, CYP and IodoCYP respectively. Likewise, CYP and IodoCYP antagonized the effects of BRL 37344 with pKb values of 7.20 ± 0.22 and 7.21 ± 0.14 respectively. This study provides the first functional data on the effects of IodoCYP, the ligand with the highest known affinity for the β3-adrenoceptor, at the characterized rat ileum β3-adrenoceptor. In conclusion, whereas pKb values suggest that CYP and IodoCYP have a similar affinity for the β3-adrenoceptor in rat ileum, the higher potency of IodoCYP suggests that it promotes a greater coupling efficiency, or that its partial agonist effects are produced through a site other than the β3-adrenoceptor. The similar pKb values for CYP and IodoCYP at the β3-adrenoceptor contrast with their order of known affinities at the β1 and β2-adrenoceptors, where IodoCYP is far more potent than CYP. This provides evidence of further differences in the characteristics of the β3-adrenoceptors compared to the β1- and β2-adrenoceptors. Finally, the utility of IodoCYP as a β3-adrenoceptor antagonist would appear to be limited because of the greater magnitude of partial agonist effects that it produces

Balancing Capability and Cost on the STPSat-5 Microsat Mission

STPSat-5 is a small technology demonstration satellite developed for the DoD Space Test Program, recently launched in December 2018. The STPSat-5 space vehicle is hosting five separate space experiments in Low Earth Orbit on a single Microsatellite platform. This paper discusses the development and operation of the STPSat-5 mission with an emphasis on methods used to achieve high capability with low-cost solutions. The application of CubeSat-class hardware in a Microsatellite-class space vehicle is reviewed. Attention is given to approaches for establishing flight readiness for commercial hardware. In addition, this paper covers lessons learned in adapting heritage flight software for operation on new, lower-cost processor systems as well as suggested testing approaches. Suggestions for interfacing multiple small experiments on a single platform are addressed as well as approaches to data handling. Utilization of a large-scale commercial rideshare mission for launch is also discussed, including guidelines to facilitate space vehicle to launch vehicle integration. The topic of lean mission operations is also covered with suggestions for areas of emphasis, guidance for troubleshooting, and an update on the current operational status of the STPSat-5 mission

Higgs Mass from D-Terms: a Litmus Test

We explore supersymmetric theories in which the Higgs mass is boosted by the non-decoupling D-terms of an extended $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry, defined here to be a general linear combination of hypercharge, baryon number, and lepton number. Crucially, the gauge coupling, $g_X$, is bounded from below to accommodate the Higgs mass, while the quarks and leptons are required by gauge invariance to carry non-zero charge under $U(1)_X$. This induces an irreducible rate, $\sigma$BR, for $pp \rightarrow X \rightarrow \ell\ell$ relevant to existing and future resonance searches, and gives rise to higher dimension operators that are stringently constrained by precision electroweak measurements. Combined, these bounds define a maximally allowed region in the space of observables, ($\sigma$BR, $m_X$), outside of which is excluded by naturalness and experimental limits. If natural supersymmetry utilizes non-decoupling D-terms, then the associated $X$ boson can only be observed within this window, providing a model independent `litmus test' for this broad class of scenarios at the LHC. Comparing limits, we find that current LHC results only exclude regions in parameter space which were already disfavored by precision electroweak data.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figure

Takin\u27 It to the Web : Updating Operations Manuals for Today\u27s Techno-Realities

Inspired by Chelle Batchelor\u27s Training Technologies A-Zed presentation from the 2010 NWILL conference, Kathleen Spring was determined to update the out-of-date operations manual for Linfield College\u27s interlibrary loan (ILL) department while simultaneously morphing it into a more user-friendly training tool and moving it to a web-based system. For those who haven\u27t yet made the leap to web-based training tools for ILL, this presentation offers one example of what you can do to improve the training experience for your employees. Using Blackboard Learn as the content management system to house materials, this presentation demonstrates: how to leverage existing content from other departments to maximize efficiency how to use web-authoring tools like Softchalk™ to create interactive learning materials that reinforce concepts and also serve as reference materials for those less-frequent processes how to incorporate wikis, short videos/screencasts, and evaluation mechanisms

Sex Determination across Evolution: Connecting the Dots

Sexual differentiation appears to be an ancient, and potentially homologous, feature of animal biology, and yet the pathways that underlie the process exhibit bewildering variet

Affordable housing provision in informal settlements through land value capture and inclusionary housing

Public-driven attempts to provide decent housing to slum residents in developing countries have either failed or achieved minimal output when compared to the growing slum population. This has been attributed mainly to shortage of public funds. However, some urban areas in these countries exhibit vibrant real estate markets that may hold the potential to bear the costs of regenerating slums. This paper sheds light on an innovative hypothesis to achieve slum regeneration by harnessing the real estate market. The study seeks to answer the question “How can urban public policy facilitate slum regeneration, increase affordable housing, and enhance social inclusion in cities of developing countries?” The study approaches slum regeneration from an integrated land economics and spatial planning perspective and demonstrates that slum regeneration can successfully be managed by applying land value capture (LVC) and inclusionary housing (IH) instruments. The research methodology adopted is based on a hypothetical master plan and related housing policy and strategy, aimed at addressing housing needs in Kibera, the largest slum in Nairobi, Kenya. This simulated master plan is complemented with economic and residual land value analyses that demonstrate that by availing land to private developers for inclusionary housing development, it is possible to meet slum residents’ housing needs by including at least 27.9% affordable housing in new developments, entirely borne by the private sector. Findings suggest that under a robust public-led governance umbrella, market forces can (1) significantly contribute to fill the financial gap in order to achieve the end of slums by 2050 in compliance with the United Nations Agenda 2030 targets and principles, and (2) increase both affordable and market housing in upgraded neighbourhoods, hence enhancing social inclusion in cities of developing countries