The non-fiscal attribute of the import duty in favor of the acquisition of artwork

This paper aims to expose the reasons why private acquisition of artworks should be considered duty-free in relation to the import duty, which is a non-fiscal tax. In fact, its main goal is to promote the balance between inner and external markets. Given the definition of art as a sui generis merchandise, it is pointed that no artwork can be similar to another; therefore, the charge of import duty is improper in this case, once foreign art objects do not compete with any other national product. Moreover, its cultural value would require the promotion of its entrance in the country, even though it is due to a private purchase, considering that it is able to stimulate enrichment of the national artistic patrimony and foments a higher development of the Brazilian artwork market. It was employed a critical-dialectical methodology, with the using of both quantitative and qualitative approaches, by the analysis of national and foreign legislations and the assessment of data and concepts extracted from bibliographic materials.Este trabalho objetiva expor as razões para a concessão de isenção total do imposto sobre a importação de obras de arte adquiridas por particulares. O mencionado tributo possui caráter eminentemente extrafiscal, sendo sua função precípua a promoção do equilíbrio entre os mercados interno e externo. A partir da definição de arte como mercadoria sui generis, evidencia-se a inexistência de similaridade entre objetos artísticos, pelo que se demonstra a impropriedade da cobrança do referido imposto aduaneiro sobre a entrada definitiva de obras de arte, as quais não competem com qualquer outro produto nacional. Ademais, o valor cultural dessa espécie de mercadoria exigiria o fomento ao seu ingresso no Brasil, ainda que ele se dê pela aquisição privada, com o intuito de enriquecer o patrimônio artístico nacional e promover o aquecimento do mercado nacional de arte. A metodologia adotada é crítico-dialética, com abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa, por meio da análise das legislações pátria e alienígena e do exame de dados e conceitos extraídos de material bibliográfico

Efficiency measures of emergency departments: an Italian systematic literature review

Life expectancy globally increased in the last decades: the number of people aged 65 or older is consequently projected to grow, and healthcare demand will increase as well. In the recent years, the number of patients visiting the hospital emergency departments (EDs) rocked in almost all countries of the world. These departments are crucial in all healthcare systems and play a critical role in providing an efficient assistance to all patients. A systematic literature review covering PubMed, Scopus and the Cochrane Library was performed from 2009 to 2019. Of the 718 references found in the literature research, more than 25 studies were included in the current review. Different predictors were associated with the quality of EDs care, which may help to define and implement preventive strategies in the near future. There is no harmonisation in efficiency measurements reflecting the performance in the ED setting. The identification of consistent measures of efficiency is crucial to build an evidence base for future initiatives. The aim of this study is to review the literature on the problems encountered in the efficiency of EDs around the world in order to identify an organisational model or guidelines that can be implemented in EDs to fill inefficiencies and ensure access optimal treatment both in terms of resources and timing. This review will support policy makers to improve the quality of health facilities, and, consequently of the entire healthcare systems

Emergence and clonal spread of CTX-M-65-Producing Escherichia coli from retail meat in Portugal

Research Areas: MicrobiologyThe emergence and dissemination of resistance to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins among Enterobacteriaceae from different sources impose a global public health threat. Here, we characterized by whole-genome sequencing four Escherichia coli strains harboring the blaCTX−M−65 gene identified among 49 isolates from beef and pork collected at retail. The genomic content was determined using the Center for Genomic Epidemiology web tools. Additionally, the prediction and reconstruction of plasmids were conducted, the genetic platform of the blaCTX−M−65 genes was investigated, and phylogenetic analysis was carried out using 17 other genomes with the same sequence type and harboring the blaCTX−M−65 gene. All strains harbored blaCTX−M−65, blaOXA−1, and blaTEM−1B, and one also carried the blaSHV−12 gene. Other resistance genes, namely, qnrS2, aac(60 )-Ib-c, dfrA14, sul2, tetA, and mphA, were present in all the genomes; the mcr-1.1 gene was identified in the colistinresistant strains. They belong to sequence type 2179, phylogenetic group B1, and serotype O9:H9 and carried plasmids IncI, IncFIC(FII), and IncFIB. All strains share an identical genetic environment with IS903 and ISEcp1 flanking the blaCTX−M−65 gene. It seems likely that the blaCTX−M−65 gene is located in the chromosome in all isolates based on deep in silico analysis. Our findings showed that the strains are clonally related and belong to two sub-lineages. This study reports the emergence of CTX-M-65- producing E. coli in Portugal in food products of animal origin. The chromosomal location of the blaCTX−M−65 gene may ensure a stable spread of resistance in the absence of selective pressure.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Using IoT for Accessible Tourism in Smart Cities

In the past few years, the Smart City concept became one of the main driving forces for the transition towards sustainable economy and improved mobility. Tourism, as one of the fastest growing economies worldwide, is an integrated part of the Smart City paradigm. Taking into consideration recent studies performed by the United Nations, stating that almost one third of the population is directly affected by disability, the concept of Accessible Tourism needs also to be integrated in the future vision for tourism, especially in the context of Smart Cities, environments fully benefiting from the recent technological advances. Within the combined framework of Smart Cities and Accessible Tourism, the Internet-of-Things (IoT) concept is the key technological point for the development of smart urban environments. IoT and big data are both technology-driven developments, leading to scenarios such as the Smart Cities one that has the potential to make citizen live smarter, more sustainable and more accessible. This chapter analyses the key requirements for IoT applications in a Smart City context, the state-of-the-art for the use of IoT for Accessible Tourism applications and proposes an architecture together with its practical implementation, tailored for the use-case of accessible tourism for physically impaired persons

Pharmacological treatment of ceftriaxone-related cholelithiasis in children: is it worthwhile?

Ceftriaxone treatment of bacterial infections can be associated with biliary complications, more commonly in children than adults, in a dose-dependent manner. This study describes a clinical case series of children with ceftriaxone-related cholelithiasis. We performed a retrospective analysis of cases of ceftriaxone-related biliary complications admitted to the Pediatric Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Italy, during the period 2005-2015. Four children with cholelithiasis occurring during, or soon after, the treatment with ceftriaxone are reported. Case 1 (6-month-old), case 2 (9-year-old) and case 4 (10-year-old) were symptomatic, while case 3 (3-year-old) was asymptomatic. After the ultrasonographic diagnosis of gallstones (cases 1 and 2) or biliary sludge (cases 3 and 4), ceftriaxone treatment was withdrawn, and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) was started in cases 1 and 2. A complete recovery was observed in all but case 1, in whom cholelithiasis was still detectable at one-year follow-up by ultrasonography. This case underwent a triple antibiotic protocol for bacterial meningitis. The protocol included rifampicin, which is known to have an effect in decreasing hepatic concentration of bile salts. Therefore, in this case, both rifampicin and UDCA were of no benefit in preventing or treating ceftriaxone biliary complications. The current pharmacological approach for the treatment of ceftriaxone-related cholelithiasis seems to be ineffective, likely due to the high calcium content of gallstones. Therefore, the best strategy of intervention for ceftriaxone biliary complications in children remains the prevention of the risk factors

Reversible Tuning of Luminescence and Magnetism in a Structurally Flexible Erbium-Anilato MOF

By combining 3,6-N-ditriazolyl-2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone (H2trz2An) with NIR-emitting ErIII ion, two different 3D neutral polymorphic frameworks (1a and 1b), differing for the number of uncoordinated water molecules, formulated as [Er2(trz2An)3(H2O)4]n·xH2O (x = 10, a; x = 7, b), have been obtained. The structure of 1a shows layers with (6,3) topology forming six-membered rings with distorted hexagonal cavities along the bc plane. These 2D layers are interconnected through the N4 atoms of the two pendant arms of the trz2An linkers, leading to a 3D framework, where neighboring layers are eclipsed along the a axis, with hexagonal channels filled with water molecules. In 1b, layers with (6,3) topology in the [101] plane are present, each ErIII ion being connected to three other ErIII ions through bis-bidentate trz2An linkers, forming rectangular six-membered cavities. 1a and 1b are multifunctional materials showing coexistence of NIR emission and fieldinduced slow relaxation of the magnetization. Remarkably, 1a is a flexible MOF, showing a reversible structural phase transition involving shrinkage/expansion from a distorted hexagonal 2D framework to a distorted 3,6-brickwall rectangular 3D structure in [Er2(trz2An)3(H2O)2]n·2H2O (1a_des). This transition is triggered by a dehydration/hydration process under mild conditions (vacuum/heating to 360 K). The partially dehydrated compound shows a sizeable change in the emission properties and an improvement of the magnetic blocking temperature with respect to the hydrated compound, mainly related to the loss of one water coordination molecule. Theoretical calculations support experimental findings, indicating that the slight improvement observed in the magnetic properties has its origin in the change of ligand field around the ErIII ion due to the loss of a water molecule

Longitudinal study on low-dose aspirin versus placebo administration in silent brain infarcts: the silence study

Background. We investigated low-dose aspirin (ASA) efficacy and safety in subjects with silent brain infarcts (SBIs) in preventing new cerebrovascular (CVD) events as well as cognitive impairment. Methods. We included subjects aged ≥45 years, with at least one SBI and no previous CVD. Subjects were followed up to 4 years assessing CVD and SBI incidence as primary endpoint and as secondary endpoints: (a) cardiovascular and adverse events and (b) cognitive impairment. Results. Thirty-six subjects received ASA while 47 were untreated. Primary endpoint occurred in 9 controls (19.1%) versus 2 (5.6%) in the ASA group (p=0.10). Secondary endpoints did not differ in the two groups. Only baseline leukoaraiosis predicts primary [OR 5.4 (95%CI 1.3-22.9, p=0.022)] and secondary endpoint-A [3.2 (95%CI 1.1-9.6, p=0.040)] occurrence. Conclusions. These data show an increase of new CVD events in the untreated group. Despite the study limitations, SBI seems to be a negative prognostic factor and ASA preventive treatment might improve SBI prognosis. EU Clinical trial is registered with EudraCT Number: 2005-000996-16; Sponsor Protocol Number: 694/30.06.04

Identificación de indicadores de sustentabilidad de los sistemas de cría bovina del Este de la provincia de Chaco, Argentina

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar indicadores de sustentabilidad de modelos de sistemas de producción de cría bovina del Este de la provincia de Chaco (Argentina), en las dimensiones económicoproductiva, ecológico-ambiental y socio-cultural; además, se definieron sus unidades de medición y escalas y se ponderaron los índices seleccionados para medir la sustentabilidad. Se aplicó la metodología MESMIS (Marco para la Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo Incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidad) en tres modelos distintos: Cría Extensiva (base), Cría con alimentación en el primer invierno y Cría con alimentación en el primer invierno con pasturas (modelos mejorados). Se propuso una lista de indicadores a consideración de especialistas en dos talleres: el primero con investigadores del área de producción ganadera de INTA (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria) y el segundo con expertos de instituciones públicas y privadas. Los indicadores que finalmente fueron ponderados son: Capacidad de ahorro/inversión, Margen Bruto, Producción de Carne, Preñez, Destete, Destete por ha, Carga animal, Nivel de adopción de tecnología, Balance de nutrientes, Dotación de personal, Condiciones laborales, Asesoramiento. Se pudo observar que la sustentabilidad del sistema base mejora a partir de la incorporación de la tecnología que permite pasar a los modelos mejorados. Sin embargo, a modo de recomendación se debe fortalecer a los sistemas en condiciones de seguridad del personal.The objective of this work is to identify sustainability indicators of beef calves’ production models of the East of Chaco province (Argentina), in economic-productive, ecological-environmental and sociocultural dimensions; in addition, units of measurement and scales were defined and the selected indexes to measure sustainability were weighted. MESMIS (Framework for the Evaluation of Management Systems by Incorporating Sustainability Indicators) was applied in three different models: Extensive production of calves (basic model), calves production with feeding during first winter and calves production with feeding during first winter plus pastures (improved models). A list of indicators was proposed for consideration of specialists in two workshops: the first with researchers from the livestock production area of INTA (National Institute for Agricultural Technology) and the second with experts from other areas belonging to public and private institutions. The indicators that were selected and weighted are: Savings / Investment, Gross Margin, Beef Production, Pregnancy, Weaning, Weaning per ha, Stocking rate, Technology adoption level, Nutrient balance, Staffing, Labor conditions, Technical advice. Sustainability of the basic model improves when passing from the basic to the improved models. However, all models should be improved in personnel security.EEA Colonia BenitezFil: Pellerano, Liliana Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Colonia Benítez; ArgentinaFil: Chavez, María Daniela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; ArgentinaFil: Calvi, Mariana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes; ArgentinaFil: Balbuena, Osvaldo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Colonia Benítez; ArgentinaFil: Rosello Brajovich, José Emilio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Colonia Benítez; Argentin

Indicadores de sustentabilidad en cría bovina del Este de Chaco, Argentina

PosterSe identificaron indicadores de sustentabilidad de modelos de sistemas de producción de cría bovina del Este de la provincia de Chaco (Argentina).EEA Colonia BenitezFil: Pellerano, Liliana Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Colonia Benítez; ArgentinaFil: Chavez, María Daniela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; ArgentinaFil: Calvi, Mariana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes; ArgentinaFil: Balbuena, Osvaldo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Colonia Benítez; ArgentinaFil: Rosello Brajovich, José Emilio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Colonia Benítez; Argentin