Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Desenvolvimento Pós-embrionário de Ophyra aenescens (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Muscidae) em Diferentes Dietas, sob Condições de Laboratório

<abstract language="eng">Post-embryonic Development of Ophyra aenescens (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Muscidae), in Different Diets, under Laboratory Conditions - The performance of various diets (bovine meat, fish- sardine, shrimp, dog faeces, and banana) in Ophyra aenescens development was evaluated. The biology was studied in an incubator (BOD) at 27±1oC and 80±10% of RH. The developmental time from larvae to adult, the developmental time and viability of larvae and pupae, the weight of pupae as well as the sex ratio of the emerging adults were also determined. Beef and shrimp were the more efficient diets for rearing O. aenescens

Prevalência da microbiota no trato digestivo de fêmeas de Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) (Diptera: Psychodidae) provenientes do campo

No presente trabalho foram dissecados o trato digestivo de 245 fêmeas de Lutzomyia longipalpis originários da Gruta da Lapinha, Município de Lagoa Santa, MG, formando 7 grupos de 35 flebotomíneos. Das 8 espécies de bactérias isoladas houve uma predominância de bactérias Gram negativas (BGN) pertencentes ao grupo de não fermentadoras de açúcar das seguintes espécies: Acinetobacter lowffii, Stenotrophomonas maltophhilia, Pseudomonas putida e Flavimonas orizihabitans. No grupo das fermentadoras tivemos: Enterobacter cloacae e Klebsiella ozaenae. No grupo dos Gram positivos foram identificados Bacillus thuringiensis e Staphylococcus spp

Prevalence of the microbiota in the digestive tract of wild-caught females of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva) (Diptera: Psychodidae)

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-06-13T11:15:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudiaGonçalves_MariseAsensi_etal_IOC_2000.pdf: 107746 bytes, checksum: 22867247f6b15ea89f624fbf492b09ec (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-06-13T11:22:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudiaGonçalves_MariseAsensi_etal_IOC_2000.pdf: 107746 bytes, checksum: 22867247f6b15ea89f624fbf492b09ec (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-06-13T11:22:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudiaGonçalves_MariseAsensi_etal_IOC_2000.pdf: 107746 bytes, checksum: 22867247f6b15ea89f624fbf492b09ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Entomologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Bacteriologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Entomologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Entomologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Biologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Bacteriologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Entomologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.No presente trabalho foram dissecados o trato digestivo de 245 fêmeas de Lutzomyia longipalpis originários da Gruta da Lapinha, Município de Lagoa Santa, MG, formando 7 grupos de 35 flebotomíneos. Das 8 espécies de bactérias isoladas houve uma predominância de bactérias Gram negativas (BGN) pertencentes ao grupo de não fermentadoras de açúcar das seguintes espécies: Acinetobacter lowffii, Stenotrophomonas maltophhilia, Pseudomonas putida e Flavimonas orizihabitans. No grupo das fermentadoras tivemos: Enterobacter cloacae e Klebsiella ozaenae. No grupo dos Gram positivos foram identificados Bacillus thuringiensis e Staphylococcus spp.We dissected the digestive tract of 245 females in pools of 35 flies forming 7 groups. These flies were Lutzomyia longipalpis originating from Lapinha Cave, Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais. Out of the 8 species of bacteria isolated there was a predominancy of Gram negative bacterias (GNB) in the group of non-fermenters of sugar belonging to the following species: Acinetobacter lwoffii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Pseudomonas putida and Flavimonas orizihabitans. The group of GNB fermenters were: Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella ozaenae. In the Gram positive group we isolated the genera Bacillus thuringiensis and Staphylococcus spp

Digestive tract microbiota in female Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) (Diptera: Psychodidae) feeding on blood meal and sacarose plus blood meal

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-06-13T14:34:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BiancaMorais_MariseSensi_etal_IOC_2001.pdf: 54921 bytes, checksum: 87057504f9b58b4cd77a5d573e455695 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-06-13T14:41:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 BiancaMorais_MariseSensi_etal_IOC_2001.pdf: 54921 bytes, checksum: 87057504f9b58b4cd77a5d573e455695 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-06-13T14:41:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BiancaMorais_MariseSensi_etal_IOC_2001.pdf: 54921 bytes, checksum: 87057504f9b58b4cd77a5d573e455695 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Entomologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Bacteriologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Entomologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Entomologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Entomologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Biologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Bacteriologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Entomologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Há poucos estudos sobre a microbiota do trato digestivo de flebotomíneos, considerando-se que o sangue não é o único alimento ingerido. Os flebotomíneos, tanto os machos como as fêmeas, alimentam-se de açúcares, provenientes de várias fontes, possibilitando a ingestão de microrganismos. As chances de contaminação aumentam nos insetos criados em laboratório e pode interferir no desenvolvimento da Leishmania spp. Foi separado um total de 300 fêmeas, divididas em dois lotes, das quais extraímos o trato digestivo. No lote 1(fêmeas alimentadas com sangue e sacarose) das 10 espécies bacterianas isoladas, a família Enterobacteriaceae esteve representada pelos gêneros Serratia, Enterobacter e Yokenella, e o grupo dos não fermentadores pelos gêneros Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter e Stenotrophomonas. No lote 2 (fêmeas alimentadas apenas com sangue) das 8 espécies isoladas o grupo dos não fermentadores esteve representado pelos gêneros Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Burkolderia e Pseudomonas, e a família interobacteriaceae, pelos gêneros Enterobacter e Serratia.There are very few reports on the microbiota of the digestive tract of sand flies, an important omission considering that blood is not the only meal ingested. Male and female sand flies obtain sugar meals from several sources, thereby increasing their chance of infection with microorganisms. Chances of contamination are higher when insects are bred in the laboratory, and this may affect the development of Leishmania spp. From the digestive tract of 300 sand fly females separated in two groups we isolated 10 species of bacteria in group 1 and 8 species in group 2. In group 1, Enterobacteriaceae of the following genera were identified: Serratia, Enterobacter, and Yokenella and the non-fermenters: Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Stenotrophomonas. In group 2, the Enterobacteriaceae Enterobacter and Serratia were identified as well as the non-fermenters Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Burkolderia, and Pseudomonas