VEB-1 Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase–producing Acinetobacter baumannii, France1

VEB-1 extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing Acinetobacter baumannii was responsible for an outbreak in hospitals in France. A national alert was triggered in September 2003 when 4 hospitals reported clusters of A. baumannii infection with similar susceptibility profiles. Case definitions and laboratory guidelines were disseminated, and prospective surveillance was implemented; strains were sent to a single laboratory for characterization and typing. From April 2003 through June 2004, 53 hospitals reported 290 cases of A. baumannii infection or colonization; 275 isolates were blaVEB-1-positive and clonally related. Cases were first reported in 5 districts of northern France, then in 10 other districts in 4 regions. Within a region, interhospital spread was associated with patient transfer. In northern France, investigation and control measures led to a reduction of reported cases after January 2004. The national alert enabled early control of new clusters, demonstrating the usefulness of early warning about antimicrobial drug resistance

Unexpected Occurrence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinants in Environmental Aeromonas spp.

Identification of plasmid-mediated qnr genes outside Enterobacteriaceae underlines a possible diffusion of those resistance determinants within gram-negative rods

Efficacy of colistin alone and in various combinations for the treatment of experimental osteomyelitis due to carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae

Objectives: In a new experimental model of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae osteomyelitis we evaluated the efficacy of colistin alone and in various combinations and examined the emergence of colistin-resistant strains and cross- resistance to host defence peptides (HDPs).Methods: KPC-99YC is a clinical strain with intermediate susceptibility to meropenem (MIC = 4 mg/L) and full susceptibility to gentamicin, colistin and tigecycline (MICs = 1 mg/L) and fosfomycin (MIC = 32 mg/L). Time–kill curves were performed at 4× MIC. Osteomyelitis was induced in rabbits by tibial injection of 2 × 108 cfu. Treatment started 14 days later for 7 days in seven groups: (i) control; (ii) colistin; (iii) colistin + gentamicin; (iv) colistin + tigecycline; (v) colistin + meropenem; (vi) colistin + meropenem + gentamicin; and (vii) colistin +  fosfomycin.Results: In vitro, colistin was rapidly bactericidal, but regrowth occurred after 9 h. Combinations of colistin with meropenem or fosfomycin were synergistic, whereas combination with tigecycline was antagonistic. In vivo, colistin alone was not effective. Combinations of colistin with meropenem or fosfomycin were bactericidal (P  < 0.001) and the addition of gentamicin enhanced the efficacy of colistin + meropenem (P = 0.025). Tigecycline reduced the efficacy of colistin (P = 0.007). Colistin-resistant strains emerged in all groups except colistin + fosfomycin and two strains showed cross-resistance to HDP LL-37.Conclusions: In this model, combinations of colistin plus meropenem, with or without gentamicin, or colistin plus fosfomycin were the only effective therapies. The combination of colistin and tigecycline should be administered with caution, as it may be antagonistic in vitro and in vivo

Philippe Dollinger, La Hanse (XIIe-XVIIe siècles), Collection historique sous la direction de Paul Lemerle, 1964

Nordmann Claude J. Philippe Dollinger, La Hanse (XIIe-XVIIe siècles), Collection historique sous la direction de Paul Lemerle, 1964. In: Revue du Nord, tome 47, n°186, Juillet-septembre 1965. pp. 525-527

Richard Glen Eaves, Henri VIII's Scottish Diplomacy 1513-1524. England's Relations with the Regency Government of fames V, 1974

Nordmann Claude J. Richard Glen Eaves, Henri VIII's Scottish Diplomacy 1513-1524. England's Relations with the Regency Government of fames V, 1974. In: Revue du Nord, tome 57, n°225, Avril-juin 1975. p. 232

Berichte der diplomatischen Vertreter des Wiener Hofes aus Spanien in der Regierungszeit Karls III (1759-1788), Instituto Germano-Espanol de Investigacion de la Sociedad Görres ; publié par Hans Juretschke, édition critique par Hans-Otto Kleinmann, Madrid, 1970- 1977

Nordmann Claude J. Berichte der diplomatischen Vertreter des Wiener Hofes aus Spanien in der Regierungszeit Karls III (1759-1788), Instituto Germano-Espanol de Investigacion de la Sociedad Görres ; publié par Hans Juretschke, édition critique par Hans-Otto Kleinmann, Madrid, 1970- 1977. In: Revue du Nord, tome 63, n°249, Avril-juin 1981. pp. 524-526

Alexander Gerschenkron, Europe in the Russian Mirror. Four lectures in Economic History, 1970

Nordmann Claude J. Alexander Gerschenkron, Europe in the Russian Mirror. Four lectures in Economic History, 1970. In: Revue du Nord, tome 52, n°207, Octobre-décembre 1970. pp. 586-587

Philippe Dollinger, La Hanse (XIIe-XVIIe siècles), Collection historique sous la direction de Paul Lemerle, 1964

Nordmann Claude J. Philippe Dollinger, La Hanse (XIIe-XVIIe siècles), Collection historique sous la direction de Paul Lemerle, 1964. In: Revue du Nord, tome 47, n°186, Juillet-septembre 1965. pp. 525-527

J. Gierowski, Nouvelle orientation de la Recherche historiographique sur la Silésie de 1945 à 1962

Nordmann Claude J. J. Gierowski, Nouvelle orientation de la Recherche historiographique sur la Silésie de 1945 à 1962. In: Revue du Nord, tome 46, n°180, Janvier-mars 1964. pp. 112-113