Legal Empowerment and Horizontal Inequalities after Conflict

This article explores whether legal empowerment can address horizontal inequalities in post-conflict settings, and, if so, how. It argues that legal empowerment has modest potential to reduce these inequalities. Nevertheless, there are risks that legal empowerment might contribute to a strengthening of group identities, reduction of social cohesion, and, in the worst case, triggering of conflict. It looks at how two legal empowerment programmes in Liberia navigated the tensions between equity and peace

DOs and DON'Ts for using climate change information for water resource planning and management: guidelines for study design

Water managers are actively incorporating climate change information into their long- and short-term planning processes. This is generally seen as a step in the right direction because it supplements traditional methods, providing new insights that can help in planning for a non-stationary climate. However, the continuous evolution of climate change information can make it challenging to use available information appropriately. Advice on how to use the information is not always straightforward and typically requires extended dialogue between information producers and users, which is not always feasible. To help navigate better the ever-changing climate science landscape, this review is organized as a set of nine guidelines for water managers and planners that highlight better practices for incorporating climate change information into water resource planning and management. Each DOs and DON'Ts recommendation is given with context on why certain strategies are preferable and addresses frequently asked questions by exploring past studies and documents that provide guidance, including real-world examples mainly, though not exclusively, from the United States. This paper is intended to provide a foundation that can expand through continued dialogue within and between the climate science and application communities worldwide, a two-way information sharing that can increase the actionable nature of the information produced and promote greater utility and appropriate use

Recovery and reuse of structural products from end-of-life buildings

YesBuildings and construction have been identified as having the greatest potential for circular economy value creation. One source of value creation is to recover and reuse building products from end-of-service-life buildings, rather than destructive demolition and downcycling. While there is a trade in non-structural and heritage product recovery and reuse, the largest volume, mass and value of most buildings comprise structural elements – concrete, brick and masonry, and steel – which present many challenges. A comprehensive literature review confirms limited attention to innovation and advanced techniques to address these challenges and therefore the potential reuse of the stocks of accumulated building products globally and associated environmental benefits. Potential techniques being tested in an Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council circular economy research programme are referenced as a key building block towards circular economy building system redesign.Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council - research project Rebuild (EPSRC EP/P008917/1

A Time to Listen... A Time to Act

The Commission on Civil Rights presents this report pursuant to Public Law 85-315, as amended. The report summarizes the testimony given at Commission hearings and at open meetings of the Commission\u27s State Advisory Committees concerning urban racial problems. The testimony-generally given by persons who live in slum ghettos or who deal with ghetto problems daily-provides insights into what slum residents think and feel about the conditions in which they live. Although the Commission has issued and will continue to issue in-depth reports on urban civil rights problems, we believe it is important to share with you as soon as possible what we have heard at our hearings and open meetings. We are transmitting a copy of this report to the President\u27s Commission on Civil Disorders for such use as that Commission deems appropriate

A Time to Listen... A Time to Act

The Commission on Civil Rights presents this report pursuant to Public Law 85-315, as amended. The report summarizes the testimony given at Commission hearings and at open meetings of the Commission\u27s State Advisory Committees concerning urban racial problems. The testimony-generally given by persons who live in slum ghettos or who deal with ghetto problems daily-provides insights into what slum residents think and feel about the conditions in which they live. Although the Commission has issued and will continue to issue in-depth reports on urban civil rights problems, we believe it is important to share with you as soon as possible what we have heard at our hearings and open meetings. We are transmitting a copy of this report to the President\u27s Commission on Civil Disorders for such use as that Commission deems appropriate

Using SHERPA to predict design-induced error on the flight deck.

Human factors certification criteria are being developed for large civil aircraft. The objective is to reduce the incidence of design induced error on the flight deck. Many formal error identification techniques currently exist, however none of these have been validated for their use in an aviation context. This paper evaluates SHERPA (Systematic Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach) as a means for predicting design induced pilot error. Since SHERPA was developed for predicting human error in the petrochemical and nuclear industries, a series of validation studies have suggested that it is amongst the best human error prediction tools available. This study provides some evidence for the reliability and validity of SHERPA in a flight deck context and concludes that it may form the basis for a successful human error identification tool