Emocjonalne i racjonalne aspekty ukraińskich tendencji eurointegracji

At present, Ukraine is searching for an optimum manner of cooperation with the European Union. However, it is doubtful whether the EU approval procedure can be completed in the present decade. Fortunately, a number of problems are imaginary rather than real, and they are the aftermath of the reality of the Soviet Union. To understand the specific Ukrainian character with respect to European integration is significant both for Ukraine herself and for the beneficial development of the EU member states.At present, Ukraine is searching for an optimum manner of cooperation with the European Union. However, it is doubtful whether the EU approval procedure can be completed in the present decade. Fortunately, a number of problems are imaginary rather than real, and they are the aftermath of the reality of the Soviet Union. To understand the specific Ukrainian character with respect to European integration is significant both for Ukraine herself and for the beneficial development of the EU member states

On Slowing Climate Change with Ecological, Thermo-Active Building Systems

In the early days of energy conservation 1980s several countries took the need for energy efficiency seriously enough to sponsor some demonstration buildings For instance a US university design concept was built in Regina Canada in1978 The Saskatchewan Energy Conservation house 1s 4 demonstrated a new passive technology It had super-insulated and airtight walls large windows on the south facade evacuated solar pipes for domestic water heating and a heat recovery ventilator Despite of all the technology demonstrated there as Bomberg et al 2 explains the passive measures were not accepted in the Canadian marketplace because the builders modified the heating system and thereby changed the air flow pattern in the hous

Государство и медиа в контексте глобализации коммуникационной системы

The article examines the forming of the modern communications system in relation to the development of new technologies and discusses the role of the media in the progressing consolidation of society’s openness and transparency of public administration. In particular, the questions of using the internet in Ukrainian, European and global public administration are discussed in the article. The need to use new media in the process of informing the public about the government and the state activity is emphasized.W artykule rozpatrywane jest kształtowanie współczesnego systemu komunikacji, uwarunkowane rozwojem nowych technologii, a także rola mass mediów w dalszym umocnieniu otwartości społeczeństwa i przejrzystości zarządzania przez państwo. W szczególności analizowane jest wykorzystanie Internetu w ukraińskim, europejskim i światowym systemie zarządzania państwowego. Podkreśla się konieczność wykorzystywania nowych mediów w procesie informowania społeczeństwa o rządzie i działalności.Статья рассматривает формирование современной коммуникационной системы, обусловленное развитием новых технологий, а также роль СМИ в дальнейшем укреплении открытости общества и прозрачности государственного управления. В частности, обсуждается использование Интернета в украинской, европейской и мировой системах государственного управления. Подчеркивается необходимость использования новых медиа в процессе информирования общественности о правительстве и государственной деятельности

Electrolytic Reduction of Indigo in Pyridine Application to the Determination of Dissolved Oxygen

The electrochemical reduction of indigo in pyridine as solvent has been investigated in connection with the determination of oxygen dissolved in pyridine, using polarography, cyclic voltammetry, controlled electrode potential electrolysis and coulometry. In the absence of protons, the total current of the first and second reduction waves for an unsaturated solution of indigo (LiClO 4 as background electrolyte) apparently represents a one‐electron transfer. In the presence of an excess of available protons (added as pyridinium nitrate), indigo is reduced in a reversible two‐electron process to indigo white (leucoindigo). The rapid conversion of indigo white to indigo by oxygen in pyridine solution can be used to determine coulometrically the concentration of oxygen in pyridine via measurement of the indigo produced on adding the pyridine‐oxygen sample to a solution of in situ electrolytically generated indigo white. The latter approach indicated a general method for the determination of dissolved oxygen in nonaqueous solvents.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/101790/1/197000109_ftp.pd

Electrochemistry in pyridine-IV. Chemical and electrochemical reduction of pyridine

The cathodic polarographic wave observed for solutions of AlCl3 in pyridine is due not to reduction of Al(III), but to reduction of the solvent, in which process Al(III) plays an essential role, apparently by polarizing the pyridine through the formation of a Lewis acid-base adduct with the pyridine nitrogen. Macroscale electrolysis of pyridine solutions of AlCl3 at a mercury cathode results in the reduction of pyridine and the formation, after hydrolysis and air oxidation, of a complex mixture or copolymer of unsaturated polyamines and polyamides probably containing such units (moities) as: (-. CH:CH . CH2 . NH . CH--)[chi], and (-CH2 . CH2 . CH:CH . CO . NH--)[chi]. Essentially the same product is obtained by treatment of pyridine with LiAlH4. The reaction mechanisms proposed involve disruption of a C---N bond in pyridine.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/31984/1/0000026.pd

Methodology of specification and design of public utility buildings to reach the maximum energy performance according to epbd and en 15232:2012 standard

New EPB Directive and standards based on this directive in the area of energy performance of buildings generate many changes in the building industry. In the article, the difference will be shown between “classical” and new methodology of design and specification of buildings with required energy performance, where automation systems and technical management use synergy of all technical systems to increase the energy efficiency of buildings

Active and passive buildings in the context of usage parameters (indoor climate)

In the last three decades, the issues of energy use and consumption have become one of the most important problems of the European market of real-estate development. The UE regulates it through legislation, standards and guidelines for both design and use of buildings. This paper lists the types of low-energy buildings, in the context of the requirements necessary for their design and construction. It also describes the initial experience with the use of these objects in terms of their advantages and disadvantages. Particular effort was made to compare the obtained parameters and comfort in active and passive objects. This paper provides an overview of low energy buildings, in order to introduce a series of articles presenting researches of individual authors

Comparison of the efficiency of two commercial kits – ELFA and Western blot in estimating the phase of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> infection in pregnant women

Sera of 89 pregnant women were selected according to the results of ELFA IgM, IgG and avidity IgG, and tested with commercial tests IgM, IgG and avidity IgG Western Blot (WB) to compare the efficacy of both techniques in determining the phase of T. gondii infection. In total, 81 of 89 tested sera (91.0%) were classified as positive, both in the ELFA and WB tests for the presence of anti- Toxoplasma antibodies of class IgG, indicating a past infection, while the prevalence of anti- Toxoplasma positive reactions associated with the antibodies of class IgM indicating a recent infection was much lower – 31.5% and 20.2%, respectively. Sera of 81 women were also tested in the ELFA and WB tests for avidity, e.g. ability of forming high-molecular IgG antibody complexes. Low or medium results in these tests (in this study all classified as low), indicating a recent infection, were detected by ELFA and WB in 22.2% and 45.7% of the total examined samples, respectively. The Spearman’s rank test for correlation, performed for recognition of quantitative data of the ELFA and WB tests (index, units or points), revealed a highly significant correlation between the ELFA and WB tests for homologous classes of antibodies, both for IgM and IgG (p0.05), except for the WB test for IgM antibodies, which showed a significant correlation with the ELFA test for IgG antibodies (p<0.01). A highly significant negative correlation between the ELFA and WB test for IgM antibodies and ELFA and WB tests for IgG avidity was demonstrated (p<0.01), except for a relationship between the WB test for IgM and WB for avidity, which was not significant. Such negative correlations are theoretically expected, as strong complexes with the participation of IgG antibodies are absent in the early phase of toxoplasmosis when early antibodies of IgM class are present. Summarizing, this study indicates the high usefulness of the commercial ELFA and WB tests in serodiagnostics of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women. Special attention should be paid to parallel detection of IgM antibodies and low values in the ELFA and WB tests for IgG avidity, which indicates a recent infection which may be associated with a clinical form of congenital toxoplasmosis and damage to the foetus

Buildings made of massive timber logs with a derogation from the application of technical conditions for traditional masonry technologies

Timber log walls are a unique form of construction - erected from solid material, they are both a building structure and a thermal barrier. Walls of wooden logs have numerous advantages, especially favourable physical and mechanical properties, including insulation and thermal capacity. The technical conditions, which are the Polish interpretation of the Nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB) building, which a newly designed building must meet, must meet 2 conditions simultaneously: the value of the EP index, which determines the annual calculated demand for non-renewable primary energy for heating, ventilation, cooling and preparation of domestic hot water for the entire building, and adequate thermal insulation of the external walls. Calculating the thermal insulation of a wood partition, relying only on thermal conductivity coefficients without considering other properties of the material, does not reflect the true insulating properties of wood. The lack of research on the insulating properties of wood, and thus the lack of national technical and installation requirements for log houses seriously limits the development of this type of construction and forces to undertake reliable research and development work in this area. The proposed introduction in this type of building of the methodology of the so-called Integrated Energy Design (IED) allows to carry out multi-criteria analysis of design variants at the stage of the virtual model in the BIM standard, in terms of the final energy efficiency of the building. Conducting various types of variant analyses and simulations allows to achieve optimal energy efficiency and to verify and correct the adopted solutions. The high energy efficiency of the building demonstrated by such simulations can be the basis for a deviation from the current regulations, which will allow the implementation of newly designed buildings in massive log technology, without the need for additional thermal insulation. As a result, it will be possible to preserve the unique architectural expression of buildings erected with this technology, with visible massive timber logs both on the exterior facades and on the interior