POR QUE NÃO TENHO MAIS MEDO DOS JUÍZES? UMA ANÁLISE DO POSICIONAMENTO DECISÓRIO DO STF FRENTE AO ESTADO DEMOCRÁTICO DE DIREITO

O presente artigo visa realizar um enfrentamento epistemológico acerca do respeito de alguns posicionamentos do Supremo Tribunal Federal no atual cenário político do país, estabelecido a partir da ideia de que os poderes do Estado possuem limites (constitucionais). Desta forma, a pluralidade e a democracia devem ser o alicerce que permeia a sustentação do um sistema pautado pelo consenso, não se admitindo a concentração arbitrária de poder, evidenciada a uma representação. A explanação se dá através da pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico, de natureza qualitativa e perfaz a conclusiva acerca do Estado Democrático de Direito suscitar a efetividade da democracia, pautado no direito de escolha, imbricado ao texto constitucional, respaldado na constituição dos poderes harmônicos e independentes para o bom funcionamento do ordenamento jurídico democrático no país

The Role of Research in Viral Disease Eradication and Elimination Programs: Lessons for Malaria Eradication

Using their experiences from, and analysis of, global campaigns to eradicate smallpox, poliomyelitis, and measles, Myron Levine and colleagues derive lessons for malaria eradication

Cost-effectiveness of measles elimination in Latin America and the Caribbean: a prospective analysis.

BACKGROUND: In 1994, the Americas set a goal of interrupting indigenous measles transmission from the Western Hemisphere by 2000. To accomplish this goal, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) developed an enhanced measles vaccination strategy. METHODS: Cost data was collected at PAHO for Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries covering 96% of the region's population on components of the routine programs, and the 'follow-up' activities from member countries. In order to interpret our findings we have compared the present scenario regarding measles with one that would have ensued if past trends continued. RESULTS: For the entire LAC population, estimated cost of elimination program will be US$ 571 million in present value terms. INTERPRETATION: The vaccination strategy toward achieving elimination of measles costs USD 244 million, incremental from the cost of vaccination before the elimination program. Within 2000-2020, the current program will have prevented the occurrence of 3.2 million cases of measles and 16,000 deaths. Thus, vaccination strategy prevents a single case of measles at the cost of USD 71.75 and prevents a death due to measles at the cost of USD 15,000. The case fatality rate depends on a well functioning treatment program for measles cases. The vaccination strategy saves a total of USD 208 million in treatments costs due to reduced incidence of measles

Can measles be eradicated globally?

Measles is one of the most infectious diseases. Before measles vaccine was introduced, nearly everyone contracted the disease at some point in childhood. By the late 1980s, most countries had incorporated measles vaccine into their routine immunization programmes. Globally, about 800 000 children nevertheless still die from measles annually, half of them in Africa. Eradicating measles would therefore play an important role in improving children's survival. The 24th Pan American Sanitary Conference in 1994 established a goal of eradicating measles from the Americas. Progress to date has been remarkable and the disease is no longer endemic in the Americas, with most countries having documented interruption of transmission. As of November 2003, 12 months had elapsed since the last indigenous case was detected in Venezuela. This experience shows that measles transmission can be interrupted, and that this can be sustained over a long period of time. Global eradication is feasible if an appropriate strategy is implemented. Even under a new paradigm in which immunization is not discontinued after measles is eradicated, eradication will be a good investment to avoid expensive epidemics and save the lives of almost one million children annually. A world free of measles by 2015 is not a dream