Memórias e trajetórias femininas no âmbito dos Centros Integrados de Educação Pública

O presente artigo objetiva fazer uma análise da implantação dos Centros Integrados de Educação Pública durante os dois mandatos de Leonel Brizola como governador do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Buscou-se refletir sobre o projeto a partir das memórias e narrativas de duas ex-diretoras sobre suas trajetórias familiares, escolar e profissional nos Centros Integrados de Educação Pública 123 (Nova Friburgo) e 297 (Vassouras). Optou-se por utilizar como ferramenta metodológica para este trabalho entrevistas semiestruturadas baseadas na história oral. Do ponto de vista teórico, empregou-se, com base nos estudos de Pierre Bourdieu, o conceito de habitus, com vistas à apreensão das trajetórias familiares, escolares e profissionais das professoras. Para fundamentar o trabalho de memória, o estudo se baseou principalmente nas formulações de Walter Benjamin e Paul Thompson para qualificar a abordagem de memória, destacando-se pela interconexão entre história e experiência pessoal

Efeito da casca de Stryphnodendron adstringens (barbatimão) em modelos de nocicepção animais

The antinociceptive activity of the crude extract and fractions of Stryphnodendron adstringens (Martius) Coville (barbatimão) was evaluated. Three experimental models of pain induction were used: abdominal writhing, formalin, and hot plate. The results demonstrated an antinociceptive effect of barbatimão in the experimental models of writhing induced by acetic acid and pain induced by formalin. However, the extracts did not significantly alter latency time on the hot plate in mice. These results suggest that barbatimão extract has a peripheral antinociceptive effect.A atividade antinociceptiva do extrato bruto e frações do Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville (barbatimão) foi avaliada. Foram usados três modelos experimentais para avaliação da dor: teste de contorção abdominal induzida pelo ácido acético, teste da formalina e teste da placa quente. Os resultados mostraram um efeito antinociceptivo evidente do barbatimão nos modelos experimentais de contorção induzida por ácido acético e dor induzida pela formalina. Por outro lado, o barbatimão não modificou significativamente o tempo de latência dos animais no teste da placa quente. Estes resultados sugerem que o extrato de barbatimão apresenta efeito antinociceptivo por mecanismos periféricos

Inhibitory Effect of Helicteres gardneriana Ethanol Extract on Acute Inflammation

The anti-inflammatory effect of an ethanol extract of Helicteres gardneriana (Nees) Castiglioni was assayed in experimental models of pleurisy and microcirculation in situ. Treatment of animals with 500 mg/kg body weight reduced the exudate volume (35% reduction) induced by intrapleural injection of carrageenan and the migration of polymorphonuclear cells into the inflamed pleural cavity of rats (40%). Additionally, rolling and adhesion of leukocytes and the number of leukocytes that migrated toward the perivascular space in response to the carrageenan injection were decreased by the extract (500 mg/kg). These data demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effect of the ethanol extract of Helicteres gardneriana and imply that inhibition of leukocyte-endothelial interactions is important in the extract's mechanism of action

Use of Propolis Hydroalcoholic Extract to Treat Colitis Experimentally Induced in Rats by 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid

This study focused on the therapeutic effect of a propolis SLNC 106PI extract on experimental colitis. Wistar adult rats received 0.8 mL rectal dose of one of the following solutions: saline (group S), 20 mg TNBS in 50% ethanol (group TNBS), 20 mg TNBS in 50% ethanol and propolis extract in saline (group TNBS-P), propolis extract in saline (group SP), and 20 mg TNBS in 50% ethanol and 50 mg/kg mesalazine (group TNBS-M). The animals were euthanized 7 or 14 days after the colitis induction. Samples of the distal colon were harvested for the analysis of myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity and for morphometric analysis in paraffin-embedded histological sections with hematoxylin-eosin or histochemical staining. The animals treated with TNBS exhibited the typical clinical signs of colitis. Increased MPO activity confirmed the presence of inflammation. TNBS induced the development of megacolon, ulceration, transmural inflammatory infiltrate, and thickened bowel walls. Treatment with propolis moderately reduced the inflammatory response, decreased the number of cysts and abscesses, inhibited epithelial proliferation, and increased the number of goblet cells. The anti-inflammatory activity of the propolis SLNC 106 extract was confirmed by the reductions in both the inflammatory infiltrate and the number of cysts and abscesses in the colon mucosa

Antiinflammatory activity of Cayaponia podantha crude extract and fractions

The effects of the crude extract and fractions of Cayaponia podantha (Cp) on experimental inflammation models were investigated. Paw edema induced by carrageenan (Cg) and peritonitis induced by Cg, LPS, and LTB4 were evaluated in rats treated orally with different doses of extract. Croton oil (CO) induced ear edema and the determination of MPO activity were evaluated in mice. Crude Cp extract and hexane (HF), ethyl-acetate (AF) and hidromethanol (MF) fractions were topically applied immediately after the application of the CO. Four hours after Cg injection, animals treated with crude extract (250 and 500 mg/kg) displayed significantly decreased paw edema. The Cp extract (250, 500, and 750 mg/kg) decreased vascular permeability and leukocyte migration in the peritonitis model in the 3rd h after induction of the inflammatory reaction. Furthermore, the 500 mg/kg dose of Cp extract also reduced LPS- and LTB4-induced migration. Crude extract and hexane and ethyl-acetate fractions (5.0 mg) significantly inhibited ear edema and MPO activity. Our results showed that Cp crude extract and fractions exhibited anti-inflammatory effects when they are administered orally or topically in animals.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Effect of Estragole on Leukocyte Behavior and Phagocytic Activity of Macrophages

Estragole, a chemical constituent of the essential oils of many aromatic plants, is used as flavoring in beverage and food industries. In vivo and in vitro experimental assays have shown that EST has sedative, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anesthetic activity. In this work, we evaluate the effect of EST on leukocyte behavior and phagocytic activity of macrophages. In the peritonitis model, EST (500 and 750 mg/kg) decreased the infiltration of peritoneal exudate leukocytes. In vitro chemotaxis assay showed that EST (3, 10, 30, and 60 μg/mL) inhibited neutrophil migration toward fMLP. In the in vivo microcirculation assay, EST at doses of 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg significantly reduced the number of rolling and adherent leukocytes and at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg decreased number of leukocyte migrated to perivascular tissue. The results showed that EST (3, 10, and 30 μg/mL) was able to stimulate the macrophages phagocytosis but only at concentration of 10 μg/mL promoted an increase in nitric oxide (NO) production. In conclusion, this study showed that EST had potential anti-inflammatory effects, likely by inhibiting leukocyte migration and by stimulating macrophages phagocytosis

Inhibition of cell growth and polyamine levels in lymphocytes caused by the combination of methotrexate and chloroquine

Fue realizado un estudio utilizando dos líneas celulares de linfocitos y fibroblastos pulmonares, con el objeto de investigar el efecto conjunto del metotrexate (MTX) y la cloroquina (CQ) sobre el crecimiento celular y los niveles de poliamina. Los resultados muestran que la CQ inhibió el crecimiento de ambas líneas tan sólo durante las primeras 24 h, mientras que la combinación de ambas drogas disminuyó los niveles de poliamina que afectan la síntesis proteica y el crecimiento celular, sólo en los linfocitos. Estos resultados son relevantes en la artritis reumatoidea, ya que la combinación de ambas drogas actúa principalmente sobre los linfocitos, responsables de la inflamación de la articulación y la erosión del cartílago.The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the combination of methotrexate (MTX) and chloroquine (CQ) on cell growth and polyamine levels for lymphocyte and lung fibroblast cells. The action of CQ inhibited cell growth in the first 24 h for both cell lines. The combination of the drugs decreased polyamine levels, affecting protein synthesis and cell growth for the lymphocyte cells. These results are important for rheumatoid arthritis because the combination of the drugs acts mainly on lymphocyte cells, which are the agents responsible for joint inflammation and the erosion of cartilage.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire