Long-Span Wooden Structural Floors with Self-Tensioning System: Performance under Asymmetrical Loads

This study analyzes the performance of wooden structural floors equipped with the self-tensioning system patented by the authors, consisting of a force multiplying mechanism connected to a self-tensioning tendon, which is activated automatically when the load is applied to the structural element. The paper describes the system’s difficulties when the structural floor is subjected to asymmetrical loads. The proposed solution consists of anchoring the tendon by an adhesive connection in the central part of the piece yielding a favorable redistribution of the bending moments and an effective performance in terms of deformations. The comparative study focuses on π-shape cross section pieces with spans of 12 m and 15 m, using sections without prestressing and with initial prestressing and self-tensioning system

Metodología de análisis de forjados autotesados de madera

It is described a self-tensioning system constituted by a force multiplying device which, attached to the supports of the ends of the structural element, is able to convert the vertical resultant from the gravitatonial actions into an effective tensioning action, through the movement that was induced by a set of rods. The self-tensioning system is able to offer a high performance, thanks to the beneficial effect of the opposite deflection generated by the tensioning, in proportion to the increasing of the gravitational action. This allows to design long-span timber ribbed floors using reduced depths. The complexity of calculation due to the non-linearity of the system can be obviated with the methodology of analysis developed in the article. In order to illustrate the advantages of the self-tensioning system and the methodology of analysis which were developed, six cases of ribbed floors have been analysed, with spans of 9, 12 and 15 m and variable using loads of 3,00 kN/m2 and 5,00 kN/m2.Se describe un sistema de autotesado constituido por un dispositivo multiplicador de fuerza que acoplado a los apoyos extremos del elemento estructural resulta capaz de convertir la resultante vertical de las acciones gravitatorias en una acción efectiva de tesado mediante el movimiento inducido en un juego de bielas. El sistema de autotesado es capaz de ofrecer unas altas prestaciones gracias al efecto beneficioso de la deformación contraria generada por el tesado de forma proporcional al incremento de la acción gravitatoria. Ello permite diseñar forjados nervados de madera de elevada luz empleando cantos reducidos. La complejidad de cálculo debida a la no linealidad del sistema se puede obviar con la metodología de análisis desarrollada en el artículo. Con objeto de ilustrar las ventajas del sistema de autotesado y de la metodología de análisis desarrollados se han analizado seis casos de forjado nervado con luces de 9, 12 y 15 m y cargas variables de uso de 3,00 kN/m2 y 5,00 kN/m2

His452Tyr polymorphism in the human 5-HT2A receptor affects clozapine-induced signaling networks revealed by quantitative phosphoproteomics

Antipsychotic drugs remain the current standard for schizophrenia treatment. Although they directly recognize the orthosteric binding site of numerous monoaminergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), these drugs, and particularly second-generation antipsychotics such as clozapine, all have in common a very high affinity for the serotonin 5-HT receptor (5-HTR). Using classical pharmacology and targeted signaling pathway assays, previous findings suggest that clozapine and other atypical antipsychotics behave principally as 5-HTR neutral antagonists and/or inverse agonists. However, more recent findings showed that antipsychotics may also behave as pathway-specific agonists. Reversible phosphorylation is a common element in multiple signaling networks. Combining a quantitative phosphoproteomic method with signaling network analysis, we tested the effect of clozapine treatment on the overall level of protein phosphorylation and signal transduction cascades in vitro in mammalian cell lines induced to express either the human 5-HTR or the H452Y variant of the gene encoding the 5-HTR receptor. This naturally occurring variation within the 5-HTR gene was selected because it has been repeatedly associated with schizophrenia patients who do not respond to clozapine treatment. Our data show that short time exposure (5 or 10 min) to clozapine (10 M) led to phosphorylation of numerous signaling components of pathways involved in processes such as endocytosis, ErbB signaling, insulin signaling or estrogen signaling. Cells induced to express the H452Y variant showed a different basal phosphoproteome, with increases in the phosphorylation of mTOR signaling components as a translationally relevant example. However, the effect of clozapine on the functional landscape of the phosphoproteome was significantly reduced in cells expressing the 5-HTR-H452Y construct. Together, these findings suggest that clozapine behaves as an agonist inducing phosphorylation of numerous pathways downstream of the 5-HTR, and that the single nucleotide polymorphism encoding 5-HTR-H452Y affects these clozapine-induced phosphorylation-dependent signaling networks

Experimental Analysis of Pretensioned CLT-Glulam T-Section Beams

The bending behavior of T-section beams composed of a glulam web and an upper cross-laminated timber flange was studied. The influence of two fundamental factors on the bending strength and stiffness was considered: the wood species used for the webs and pretensioning with unbonded tendons. Sixteen specimens with a 9 m span were tested until failure: eight of them were nontensioned (4 Picea abies webs and 4 Quercus robur webs) and the other eight were pretensioned using threaded bars with 20 mm diameter anchored in plates fixed at the ends of the specimens (4 Picea abies webs and 4 Quercus robur webs). Pretensioning with unbonded tendons showed a clear improvement in the load capacity of the specimens with Picea abies webs, while the difference was not significant for the specimens with Quercus robur webs. Considering deflection, pretensioning gave the advantage of an initial precamber but also generated slight variations in the stiffness as a result of increasing the portion of the section that was in compression. The variation in the stiffness depended on the relation between the compressive and tensile moduli of elasticity parallel to the grain, and its influence on the deflection was analyzed using a finite element method

Essential role of the C148–C227 disulphide bridge in the human 5-HT2A homodimeric receptor

The 5-HT receptor is a homodimeric G protein-coupled receptor implied in multiple diseases, including schizophrenia. Recently, its co-crystallisation with the antipsychotic drugs zotepine and risperidone has revealed the importance of its extracellular domains in its pharmacology. Previous studies have shown that the non-specific disruption of extracellular disulphide bridges in the 5-HT receptor decreases ligand binding and receptor activation. There is enough evidence to hypothesize that this decrease may be due to a reduction of the disulphide bridge that links transmembrane domain 3 (TM-3) and extracellular loop 2 (ECL-2) of the 5-HT receptor via cysteine 148 (C148) and C227. Thus, to study the influence of the C148–C227 disulphide bridge on 5-HT receptor pharmacology, we substituted C148 and C227 in the human 5-HT receptor (WT) with alanines, to obtain two single mutants (C148A and C227A) and a double mutant (C148A/C227A), and the resultant DNA constructs were used to generate four stable cell lines. These substitutions reduced the binding of the 5-HT receptor to [H]lysergic acid diethylamide ([H]LSD) and impeded the 5-HT receptor-mediated activation of phospholipase C (PLC). Furthermore, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) and western blotting analysis revealed that these mutations did not alter the homodimeric nature of the 5-HT receptor. However, fluorescence microscopy showed that these mutations hindered receptor trafficking to the cell membrane. These results illustrate the importance of the disulphide bridge between TM-3 and ECL-2 in maintaining the correct 5-HT receptor conformation to allow ligand binding and migration of the homodimeric receptor to the cell membrane.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (SAF2014-57138-C2-1-R and SAF2017-85225-C3-1-R) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). MC and LGG were supported by a grant from the Consellería de Cultura, Educación y Ordenación Universitaria, partially co-funded by the European Social Fund (ESF) program

Self-tensioning system for long-span wooden structural floors

AbstractA patented self-tensioning system for long-span wooden structural floors is described that increases the performance of the deflected sections in terms of both resistance and deformation. The system is based on a force multiplier mechanism composed by two connecting rods which are secured to a post-stressing tendon. The mechanical device is activated by the transmission of the load from the structural element to the supports, causing an elongation and stressing the tendon. This transmission comes with a slight vertical displacement of the supports. Throughout this system, the intensity of the tensioning force varies with the applied load; thus, a more favorable bending moment distribution from the load is obtained, and the relative deformations of the different sections of the piece are reduced. This article presents a comparative study of the structural behavior of π-shape cross section wooden structural floors with spans from 9m to 18m, comparing sections with and without pre-stress, and sections with the self-tensioning system

[Tarxetas de visita de Camilo Díaz Baliño] ([19?])

Forma de ingreso: Depósito. Fuente de ingreso: Díaz Pardo, Isaac. Fecha de ingreso: 2011. Propietario: Herdeiros de Isaac Díaz PardoDixitalización Telefónica-IDP 2012Contén 12 tarxetas: José Cimadevila del Rio(con texto)--Felipe Ramón Cordero Carrete(con texto)--Confederación Regional de Agricultores Gallegos--Florencio Coll Arnalot--Balbino Costa Candamo--José Escudero y Monteagudo--José Díaz Varela y Losada--Señoritas de la Juventud Antoniana--Duque de Terranova,Conde de Ballobar--Conrado Espín Arango--Arturo Cuadrado Mour