The Schlomo Dov Goitein’s “political” symbiosis in the secrets of Simon Ben Yohai. A Qur’anic reappraisal for a Jewish apocalyptic source on the reflecting of an early Islamic background

This paper examines the concept of symbiosis in Islamic history as developed by Schlomo Dov Goitein, the 20th century Jewish German scholar in the area of Jewish and Arabic studies and discusses its application to the identity sourcing of Prophet Muhammad in particular. The aim of the study is to review the historical outline briefly on the background and formation of “symbiosis” preceding and in the aftermath of Goitein’s conceptualization and context, following a qualitative research approach with an intertextual criticism to his references and discussing their possible philological aspects in his mindset. The study found that, while the Islamic historical sources presented the relations between Jews and Muslim in Madina period of Islam as negative, in Goitein’s works, the Jewish perception of early Islamic history is positively grounded on a mid-eight century Jewish messianic-apocalyptical text, namely, The Secrets of Rabbi Simon ben Yohai as traditionally understood in Judaism for describing Ishmaelites as the savior of Jews from Christian oppression. This finding seems to be in explicit contradistinction to the concept of innovative “creative symbiosis” with subversion of historical experience

Determinants of Turkey's foreign trade with N11 countries: The gravity model approach

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’nin N11 ülkeleriyle olan dış ticaretin belirleyicilerini tahmin etmek ve bu doğrultuda politika önerilerinde bulunmaktır. N11 (Next Eleven) ülkeleri Türkiye, Bangladeş, Mısır, Endonezya, İran, Güney Kore, Meksika, Nijerya, Pakistan, Filipinler ve Vietnam’dan oluşmaktadır. Değişik makroekonomik ve demografik göstergeler eşliğinde yapılan öngörülerde, N11 ülkelerinin birçoğunun (özellikle Türkiye, Nijerya, Güney Kore ve Vietnam) 2050 yılında G7 ülkelerinin bazılarını geçebileceği tahmin edilmektedir. Çalışmada Türkiye'nin N11 ülkeleriyle olan dış ticaret akımları çekim modeli ile açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, ihracatta Türkiye’nin GSYİH’sının negatif etkili; ithalatta ise pozitif etkili olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Ayrıca karşı ülke GSYİH’sının hem ihracatta hem de ithalatta pozitif etkili olduğu; ülkeler arasındaki coğrafi uzaklığın ise her durumda negatif etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Analizlerde elde edilen bir diğer sonuç ise ortak sınır ve ortak din kukla değişkenlerinin dış ticaret üzerinde pozitif etki yaptığını göstermektedirThe aim of this study is to predict the determinants of foreign trade of Turkey with N11 countries and to make policy recommendations in this direction. N11 (Next Eleven) countries consist of Turkey, Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, South Korea, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines and Vietnam. In the projections made with different macroeconomic and demographic indicators, it is estimated that most of the N11 countries (especially Turkey, Nigeria, South Korea and Vietnam) will surpass some of the G7 countries in 2050. In the study, the foreign trade flows of Turkey with the N11 countries were tried to be explained by the gravity model. According to the findings, Turkey's GDP affects exports negatively. However, it has a positive effect on imports. The opposite country's GDP has a positive effect on both exports and imports; the geographical distance between countries is that there is a negative effect. Another result obtained in the analysis shows that the common border and common religion dummy variables have a positive effect on foreign trade

The Effects Of The Densely Walkıng And Coggıng Programs On High Density Lipoprotein(HDL-C) And Low Densıty Lıpoproteın (LDL-C)

Yapılan bu çalışmanın amacı, yoğunlaştırılmış yürüyüş ve jogging programının koroner kalp hastalığı risk faktörlerinden olan yüksek dansiteli liporotein (HDL) ve düşük dansiteli lipoprotein (LDL) üzerine olan etkisini araştırmaktır. Çalışmaya, 66 denek ( 30 erkek ve 36 bayan) gönüllü olarak katılmışlardır. Denekler random metodu ile iki gruba ayrılarak, deney (n= 35) ve kontrol (n=31) gruplarını oluşturdular. Deney grubundaki katılımcılar hedef kalp atım sayısının (HKAS) % 50- % 85 arasında yüklenme şiddeti ile 10 hafta süre ile haftada 4 gün olmak üzere arttırılmış yürüyüş ve jogging programına tabi tutuldular. Tüm ölçümler antrenman programından bir gün önce ve sonra ön test ve son test olarak yapıldılar. İstatistiksel analizler, aritmetik ortalama (x), standart sapma ( SD ) ve “t test” olarak yapıldı. Çalışmanın sonunda; ölçümlerde uygulanan aritmetik uygulamalar arası farka ait “ t testi” nde ölçümü yapılan parametrelerden ağırlık, BKI,DKAS, EKAS, TG, TC ve HDL-C erkek denek ve kontrol grupları arasındaki fark, istatistiki açıdan anlamlı bulunmuştur ( p< 0.05), ESBP ve LDL-C değerleri matematiksel olarak anlamlı istatistiksel olarak ise anlamsız bulunmuştur. Bayan denek ve kontrol grupları karşılaştırıldığında ise fark, DKAS, EKAS, TG,TC, LDL-C ve HDL-C değerleri anlamlı bulunmuştur (p< 0.05) ancak ağırlık ve BKI anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Sonuçta; düzenli fiziksel aktivitede bulunan kişilerde HDL-C değeri artarken, LDL-C değerinde düşüş görülmüştür.The purpose of this studyt was to asses the effects of the densely walking and jogging programs on high densty lipoprotein (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) . Sixty six person (30 male and 36 female) participated as subject of an expriment. Their age values were male ( x = 46.3 ± 5.7) and female ( x = 44.5± 2.7). Subjects were divided into rwo groups with random method, as training and control groups. Subject of expriment group walket and run four times a week for ten weeks at their target heart rate that was bgetween % 50 and % 85. All measurements were taken a day before and after from the training program as pre and posttest. The statical analysis of datas included mean ( x ), standart deviation ( SD), and paried t – test. The statistical analysis of these measurement showed that when the two groups of male were compared and the difference at weight, BMI, resting heart rate (RHR), resting systolic blood pressure (RSBP), restinng diastolic blood pressure ( RDBP), exercice heart rate (EHR),exercise diastolic blood ptessure (EDBP), TG, TC and HDL-C were found significandly (p < 0,05), but exercise systolic blood pressure (ESBP) and LDL-C were not significantly. The two groups of female were compared and difference at RHR, RSBP, RDBP, EHR, EDBP, TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were found significantly ( p< 0.05) but, weight losing, BMI and ESBP were not significantly. In finally,both genders’ HDL-C increased and LDL-C decreased wih regular physical activities

The prediction of atherosclerosis in radial artery and affecting risk factors

Bu çalışmada, koroner arter hastalarında greft olarak kullanılan radial arterde aterosklerozun tahmini ve etki eden risk faktörlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Radial arterde ateroskleroz saptanan 10 hastanın oluşturduğu grubun (Grup 1) verileri, radial arterde ateroskleroz saptanmayan 15 hastanın (Grup 2) verileriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, diabetes mellitus, hipertansiyon, sigara içme, obezite, aile öyküsü, kolesterol, trigliserit, yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein, düşük dansiteli lipoprotein, çok düşük dansiteli lipoprotein, apoprotein A, apoprotein B, lipoprotein A, C-reaktif protein, katalaz, glutat peroksidaz ve süperoksid dismutaz değişkenlerden oluşan on dokuz adet klinik parametre, Grup 1 ve 2’den elde edilmiştir. Risk faktörlerinin incelenmesinde gruplar istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca tek ve çok değişkenli lojistik regresyon analizi uygulanarak sonuçlar yorumlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, geleneksel ve yeni risk faktörlerin ölçülebilen değer ve oranları, koroner arter hastalarına oranla radial arterde ateroskleroz saptanan koroner arter hastalarında daha yüksektir. Risk faktörlerinin incelenmesinde çok değişkenli istatistik yöntemlerinin daha büyük bir örnekte uygulanması daha yararlı olacaktır.In this study, the prediction of atherosclerosis in radial artery in patients with coronary artery disease and risk factors affecting atherosclerosis were studied. The data of the Group 1 which consist of ten patients for whom atherosclerosis was determined in radial artery were compared with the data of Group 2 which consist of fifteen patients for whom atherosclerosis does not exist. Nineteen clinical parameters containing age, gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, obesity, family history, collesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, apoprotein A, apoprotein B, lipoprotein A, C-reactive protein, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase variables were obtained from the groups. The groups were compared statistically. Also, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were applied and the results were evaluated. As a result, the measurable values and proportions of the traditional and new risk factors are higher for atherosclerosis in radial artery in patients with coronary artery disease compared with coronary artery patients. It would be more useful that multivariate statistical methods should be applied to greater sample in the study of risk factors

Determınants of Turkey's foreıgn trade wıth N11 countrıes: the gravıty model approach

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’nin N11 ülkeleriyle olan dış ticaretin belirleyicilerini tahmin etmek ve bu doğrultuda politika önerilerinde bulunmaktır. N11 (Next Eleven) ülkeleri Türkiye, Bangladeş, Mısır, Endonezya, İran, Güney Kore, Meksika, Nijerya, Pakistan, Filipinler ve Vietnam’dan oluşmaktadır. Değişik makroekonomik ve demografik göstergeler eşliğinde yapılan öngörülerde, N11 ülkelerinin birçoğunun (özellikle Türkiye, Nijerya, Güney Kore ve Vietnam) 2050 yılında G7 ülkelerinin bazılarını geçebileceği tahmin edilmektedir. Çalışmada Türkiye'nin N11 ülkeleriyle olan dış ticaret akımları çekim modeli ile açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, ihracatta Türkiye’nin GSYİH’sının negatif etkili; ithalatta ise pozitif etkili olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Ayrıca karşı ülke GSYİH’sının hem ihracatta hem de ithalatta pozitif etkili olduğu; ülkeler arasındaki coğrafi uzaklığın ise her durumda negatif etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Analizlerde elde edilen bir diğer sonuç ise ortak sınır ve ortak din kukla değişkenlerinin dış ticaret üzerinde pozitif etki yaptığını göstermektedir.The aim of this study is to predict the determinants of foreign trade of Turkey with N11 countries and to make policy recommendations in this direction. N11 (Next Eleven) countries consist of Turkey, Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, South Korea, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines and Vietnam. In the projections made with different macroeconomic and demographic indicators, it is estimated that most of the N11 countries (especially Turkey, Nigeria, South Korea and Vietnam) will surpass some of the G7 countries in 2050. In the study, the foreign trade flows of Turkey with the N11 countries were tried to be explained by the gravity model. According to the findings, Turkey's GDP affects exports negatively. However, it has a positive effect on imports. The opposite country's GDP has a positive effect on both exports and imports; the geographical distance between countries is that there is a negative effect. Another result obtained in the analysis shows that the common border and common religion dummy variables have a positive effect on foreign trade

TÜRKİYE’NİN N11 ÜLKELERİYLE OLAN DIŞ TİCARETİNİN BELİRLEYİCİLERİ: ÇEKİM MODELİ YAKLAŞIMI / Determinants Of Turkey's Foreign Trade With N11 Countries: The Gravity Model Approach

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’nin N11 ülkeleriyle olan dış ticaretin belirleyicilerini tahmin etmek ve bu doğrultuda politika önerilerinde bulunmaktır. N11 (Next Eleven) ülkeleri Türkiye, Bangladeş, Mısır, Endonezya, İran, Güney Kore, Meksika, Nijerya, Pakistan, Filipinler ve Vietnam’dan oluşmaktadır. Değişik makroekonomik ve demografik göstergeler eşliğinde yapılan öngörülerde, N11 ülkelerinin birçoğunun (özellikle Türkiye, Nijerya, Güney Kore ve Vietnam) 2050 yılında G7 ülkelerinin bazılarını geçebileceği tahmin edilmektedir. Çalışmada Türkiye'nin N11 ülkeleriyle olan dış ticaret akımları çekim modeli ile açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, ihracatta Türkiye’nin GSYİH’sının negatif etkili; ithalatta ise pozitif etkili olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Ayrıca karşı ülke GSYİH’sının hem ihracatta hem de ithalatta pozitif etkili olduğu; ülkeler arasındaki coğrafi uzaklığın ise her durumda negatif etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Analizlerde elde edilen bir diğer sonuç ise ortak sınır ve ortak din kukla değişkenlerinin dış ticaret üzerinde pozitif etki yaptığını göstermektedir

An extensional and transtensional origin of elongated magmatic domes and localised transfer faults in the northern Menderes metamorphic core complex, western Turkey

The northern Menderes metamorphic core complex has complex exhumation history and is one of the key localities to investigate the spatial and temporal relationships of extensional and compressional structures. Detachment faults and syn-extensional plutons are linked to a series of antiforms and synforms and the denudation of the northern Menderes Massif occurred in three stages. The first stage is related to the development of detachment faults under the consistent NE–SW-directed extension. The second stage is represented by a series of elongated magmatic domes that were oriented parallel, oblique and perpendicular to the regional extension direction. Emplacement of these asymmetrical magmatic domes appears to have been controlled by heterogeneous extension and post-dates the extensional Simav detachment fault. On the third stage, progressive heterogeneous extension that led to updoming of plutons has been finally accommodated by a localised and short-lived transfer zone, which was described as the Gerni shear zone for the first time in this study. The transfer zone is formed by a NE-striking, dextral ductile/brittle shear zone that accommodated the propagation of folds, conjugated strike-slip faults and normal- and oblique-slip faults. Mylonites associated with the transfer zone are related to the localisation of strain along the thermally weakened strike-slip fault systems by short-lived intrusions rather than to the development of regional-scale detachment faults. These structures are consistent with a transtensional simple shear model, which properly explains the evolution of extensional and compressional structures exposed in the northern Menderes core complex. Structural setting of the Eğrigöz region is somewhat similar to that of the NE-trending gneiss domes in the northern Menderes Massif and updoming of magma during late stages of detachment faulting appears to have played an important role in the exhumation of lower and upper plate rocks

The effect of long-term exercise training on the blood glucose level and weight in alloxan administered mice

This study was to evaluate the effect of long-term exercise training on blood fasting glucose (BFG) level and weight in alloxan administered mice. Forty mice, Mus musculus species was alloxan administered by an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection 3 times in two weeks intervals (200 mg/kg b.w.), and training program was administered by treadmill for 10 min 5 day/week and exercise period was prolonged for 2.5 min in a week. In the 8th week it was observed that sedentary male group BFG levels (172.3 mg/dl) were statistically significant higher than other groups (p < 0.05). Measurements at the end of the 10th week were showed that untrained sedentary group's BFG were found higher with statistically significant levels than trained groups (p < 0.05). Sedentary male group weight values were observed to be higher than other groups (p < 0.05). Long-term physical training has protective effects against chemically induced diabetes in mice

Association of luteal blood flow with follicular size, serum estrogen and progesterone concentrations, and the inducibility of luteolysis by PGF2α in dairy cows

The aim of this study was to investigate the compatibility of the visual evaluation result of the blood flow characteristics and the blood flow measurements of the CL and the predictability of the responses given by corpora lutea with varying levels of blood flow to an induction of luteolysis by a PGF2α injection and to determine the possibility of increase in serum estrogen and progesterone concentrations in parallel with increased luteal blood flow (LBF). The cows, bearing a CL (n = 60; postpartum 35 days), were injected with PGF2α and were monitored for signs of estrous following the first injection. The cows, which did not show estrous signs, were examined for the presence of a CL on Day 14, whereas those that showed signs of estrous were examined on Day 10 following the onset of estrous. The level of LBF was visually graded as + (low; GI), ++ (medium; GII), +++ (high; GIII), and ++++ (very high; GIV). Immediately after the examination of LBFs, a second intramuscular injection of PGF2α was injected. In the cows, which were determined to be in estrous, the diameter of the Graafian follicles was measured by B-mode ultrasonography. Subsequently, these animals were artificially inseminated. The animals, which did not show estrous after the second injection, were examined as previously described and monitored for signs of estrous. A strong correlation (r = 0.654; P < 0.001) was determined to exist between the results of the visual examination of the images and the results obtained for the LBF area with the use of the Pixel Flux software. GIII (0.83 ± 0.15 cm2) and GIV (1.03 ± 0.48 cm2) were found to differ from GI (0.47 ± 0.23 cm2) and GII (0.51 ± 0.12 cm2) for the size of the LBF (P < 0.001). Serum progesterone levels in groups (GI, GII, GIII, and GIV) were determined to be 4.44 ± 2.42 ng/mL, 6.03 ± 2.37 ng/mL, 7.01 ± 2.94 ng/mL, and 7.17 ± 1.69 ng/mL, respectively. The comparative evaluation of the study groups showed that the groups did not statistically differ for the period between PGF2α injection and the onset of estrous, mean Graafian follicle size and estrogen levels. No direct correlation existed between these reproductive parameters and LBF