Recycling and expansion of a tower and its urban dynamics: Bresani Tower´s case

En la mayoría de las ciudades llegan a existir espacios, infraestructuras o edificios que se encuentran en desuso o en estado de abandono siendo una oportunidad desperdiciada para la ciudad. En la presente investigación se busca analizar esta problemática y se estudian alternativas de intervención para la mejora de estos espacios o edificaciones desde dos niveles de escala: lo urbano y lo edilicio. Se concluye con el caso de estudio de la Torre Bresani, ubicada en el distrito de Miraflores, con una propuesta de intervención que abarca lo urbano, desde el tratamiento de “bordes blandos” en la planta baja y los espacios públicos que se ofrecen a la ciudad, y lo edilicio, con la intervención interior para flexibilizar la distribución de la torre de vivienda existente y la nueva torre ampliada.In several cities are spaces, infrastructures or buildings that are in disuse or in a state of abandonment, being a wasted opportunity for the city. The present investigation seeks to analyze this problem and studies intervention alternatives for the improvement of these spaces or buildings from two levels of scale: the urban and the building. It concludes with the case study of the Bresani Tower with an intervention proposal that covers the urban, from the treatment of soft edges on the ground floor and the public spaces that are offered to the city, and the building, with the interior intervention making flexible the existing housing tower´s distribution and the new enlarged tower.Trabajo de investigació

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

The Somatic Genomic Landscape of Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma

We describe the landscape of somatic genomic alterations of 66 chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (ChRCCs) based on multidimensional and comprehensive characterization, including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and whole genome sequencing. The result is consistent that ChRCC originates from the distal nephron compared to other kidney cancers with more proximal origins. Combined mtDNA and gene expression analysis implicates changes in mitochondrial function as a component of the disease biology, while suggesting alternative roles for mtDNA mutations in cancers relying on oxidative phosphorylation. Genomic rearrangements lead to recurrent structural breakpoints within TERT promoter region, which correlates with highly elevated TERT expression and manifestation of kataegis, representing a mechanism of TERT up-regulation in cancer distinct from previously-observed amplifications and point mutations

Multiplatform Analysis of 12 Cancer Types Reveals Molecular Classification within and across Tissues of Origin

Recent genomic analyses of pathologically-defined tumor types identify “within-a-tissue” disease subtypes. However, the extent to which genomic signatures are shared across tissues is still unclear. We performed an integrative analysis using five genome-wide platforms and one proteomic platform on 3,527 specimens from 12 cancer types, revealing a unified classification into 11 major subtypes. Five subtypes were nearly identical to their tissue-of-origin counterparts, but several distinct cancer types were found to converge into common subtypes. Lung squamous, head & neck, and a subset of bladder cancers coalesced into one subtype typified by TP53 alterations, TP63 amplifications, and high expression of immune and proliferation pathway genes. Of note, bladder cancers split into three pan-cancer subtypes. The multi-platform classification, while correlated with tissue-of-origin, provides independent information for predicting clinical outcomes. All datasets are available for data-mining from a unified resource to support further biological discoveries and insights into novel therapeutic strategies

Recycling and expansion of a tower and its urban dynamics: Bresani Tower´s case

En la mayoría de las ciudades llegan a existir espacios, infraestructuras o edificios que se encuentran en desuso o en estado de abandono siendo una oportunidad desperdiciada para la ciudad. En la presente investigación se busca analizar esta problemática y se estudian alternativas de intervención para la mejora de estos espacios o edificaciones desde dos niveles de escala: lo urbano y lo edilicio. Se concluye con el caso de estudio de la Torre Bresani, ubicada en el distrito de Miraflores, con una propuesta de intervención que abarca lo urbano, desde el tratamiento de “bordes blandos” en la planta baja y los espacios públicos que se ofrecen a la ciudad, y lo edilicio, con la intervención interior para flexibilizar la distribución de la torre de vivienda existente y la nueva torre ampliada.In several cities are spaces, infrastructures or buildings that are in disuse or in a state of abandonment, being a wasted opportunity for the city. The present investigation seeks to analyze this problem and studies intervention alternatives for the improvement of these spaces or buildings from two levels of scale: the urban and the building. It concludes with the case study of the Bresani Tower with an intervention proposal that covers the urban, from the treatment of soft edges on the ground floor and the public spaces that are offered to the city, and the building, with the interior intervention making flexible the existing housing tower´s distribution and the new enlarged tower.Trabajo de investigació

Taiwanese investment in Southeast Asia

For the “Go South” policy in Taiwan, small- and medium-sized enterprises played an important role in the 1980s and 1990s. This is an exceptional case as theoretical predictions and empirical evidence, found in most countries, have indicated that foreign direct investment originated mainly from large firms. This paper examines the determinants and investment strategies of Taiwanese FDI in Southeast Asian countries. First, it reviews the evolution and current situations of Taiwan's investment and the economic rationales during the 1980s and 1990s. Then, it identifies three types of investment strategies: defensive investors, initiative investors, and institutional investors, and compares them in terms of their different economic rationales, investment patterns and networking activities.