Molecular magnetic switches : synthesis and characterisation of novel iron spin crossover compounds

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Optical Absorption Measurements on Crystalline Silicon at 1550nm

Crystalline silicon is currently being discussed as test-mass material for future generations of gravitational wave detectors that will operate at cryogenic temperatures. We present optical absorption measurements on a large-dimension sample of crystalline silicon at a wavelength of 1550nm at room temperature. The absorption was measured in a monolithic cavity setup using the photo-thermal self-phase modulation technique. The result for the absorption coefficient of this float-zone sample with a specific resistivity of 11kOhm cm was measured to be \alpha_A=(264 +/- 39)ppm/cm.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl

Birefringence Measurements on Crystalline Silicon

Crystalline silicon has been proposed as a new test mass material in third generation gravitational wave detectors such as the Einstein Telescope (ET). Birefringence can reduce the interferometric contrast and can produce dynamical disturbances in interferometers. In this work we use the method of polarisation-dependent resonance frequency analysis of Fabry-Perot-cavities containing silicon as a birefringent medium. Our measurements show a birefringence of silicon along the (111) axis of the order of $\Delta\, n \approx 10^{-7}$ at a laser wavelength of 1550nm and room temperature. A model is presented that explains the results of different settings of our measurements as a superposition of elastic strains caused by external stresses in the sample and plastic strains possibly generated during the production process. An application of our theory on the proposed ET test mass geometry suggests no critical effect on birefringence due to elastic strains.Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures, 2 table

Evaluation der Hessischen Dorfentwicklung – neue Anforderungsprofile an ein Programm für die nachhaltige Entwicklung des ländlichen Raums im Zeichen des demographischen Wandels

Eines der wesentlichen Ergebnisse der Studie ist die Erkenntnis, dass jegliche Art von Flächenmanagement für einen Ort ohne Einbindung in eine kommunale Gesamtstrategie wenig Aussicht auf Erfolg verspricht. Die Studie schließt auf der Grundlage der in der Literatur zurzeit verfügbaren Definitionen über Art und Umfang von Flächenmanagement. Diese Begriffsbestimmung führt dazu, dass Flächenmanagement als ein Instrument verstanden wird, das drei wesentliche Komponenten hat: 1. Ein bau- und planungsrechtliches Umsetzungsszenario 2. Eine bürgerorientierte konzeptionelle Vorleistung der Kommune 3. Ein nicht unerheblich erscheinender Finanzmitteleinsatz durch die Kommun

On-site partial discharge diagnostics of cast-resin transformers

The amount of installed cast-resin dry-type transformers has been increasing steadily over the past years due to its wide application range in industrial areas and in the renewable energy sector [1][2]. The lack of mineral oil as an insulating medium allows dry-type transformers to be used in areas with high fire hazards and environmental protection requirements such as in tunnels, buildings or wind power plants. Therefore, rendering these units more and more important in the electrical grid. However, some well-established diagnostic methods, like DGA, rely on analysing the mineral oil condition. Therefore, it becomes essential to explore alternative diagnostic means, such as partial discharge measurements, to evaluate the insulation condition of in-service dry-type transformers

On-site partial discharge diagnostics of cast-resin transformers

The amount of installed cast-resin dry-type transformers has been increasing steadily over the past years due to its wide application range in industrial areas and in the renewable energy sector [1][2]. The lack of mineral oil as an insulating medium allows dry-type transformers to be used in areas with high fire hazards and environmental protection requirements such as in tunnels, buildings or wind power plants. Therefore, rendering these units more and more important in the electrical grid. However, some well-established diagnostic methods, like DGA, rely on analysing the mineral oil condition. Therefore, it becomes essential to explore alternative diagnostic means, such as partial discharge measurements, to evaluate the insulation condition of in-service dry-type transformers

Discontinuous switching of position of two coexisting phases

Here we investigate how the positions of a condensed phase can be controlled by using concentration gradients of a regulator that influences phase separation. We consider a mean field model of a ternary mixture where a concentration gradient of a regulator is imposed by an external potential. We show that novel first order phase transition exists at which the position of the condensed phase switches in a discontinuous manner. This mechanism could have implications for the spatial organization of biological cells and provides a control mechanism for droplets in microfluidic systems

Face Recognition and Gender Determination

The system presented here is a specialized version of a general object recognition system. Images of faces are represented as graphs, labeled with topographical information and local templates. Different poses are represented by different graphs. New graphs of faces are generated by an elastic graph matching procedure comparing the new face with a set of precomputed graphs: the "general face knowledge". The final phase of the matching process can be used to generate composite images of faces and to determine certain features represented in the general face knowledge, such as gender or the presence of glasses or a beard. The graphs can be compared by a similarity function which makes the system efficient in recognizing faces

Gastric carcinomas with stromal b7-h3 expression have lower intratumoural cd8+ t cell density

Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.CD8+ T cells are the main effector cells of anti-cancer immune response that can be regulated by various costimulatory and coinhibitory molecules, including members of the B7 family. B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3) appears as a promising marker for immunotherapy; however, its significance in gastric cancer (GC) is unclear yet. We evaluated the spatial distribution of CD8+ T cells in relation to the expression of B7-H3 by double immunohistochemical staining. The level of B7-H3 intensity was scored manually (0-3) and dichotomized into B7-H3-low and B7-H3-high groups. The distribution and density of CD8+ T cells was analysed using whole slide digital imaging. B7-H3 was expressed mainly in the stromal compartment of GC (n = 73, 76% of all cases). Tumours with high expression of B7-H3 showed larger spatial differences of CD8+ T cells (86.4/mm2 in tumour centre vs. 414.9/mm2 in invasive front) when compared to B7-H3-low group (157.7/mm2 vs. 218.7/mm2, respectively) (p < 0.001). This study provides insight into the expression pattern of B7-H3 in GC of Western origin. In GCs with higher level of B7-H3 expression, CD8+ T cells were spatially suppressed in the tumour centre suggesting that B7-H3 might be involved in tumour escape mechanisms from the immune response.publishersversionPeer reviewe