375 research outputs found
Simulation study for the comparison of power flow models for a line distribution network with stochastic load demands
We use simulation to compare different power flow models in the process of charging electric vehicles (EVs) by considering their random arrivals, their stochastic demand for energy at charging stations, and the characteristics of the electricity distribution network. We assume the distribution network is a line with charging stations located on it. We consider the Distflow and the Linearized Distflow power flow models and we assume that EVs arrive at the network with an exponential rate, have an exponential charging requirement, and that voltage drops on the distribution network stay under control. We provide extensive numerical results investigating the effect of using different power flow models on the performance of the network
Dynamics of liquid crystalline domains in magnetic field
We study microscopic single domains nucleating and growing within the
coexistence region of the Isotropic (I) and Nematic (N) phases in magnetic
field. By rapidly switching on the magnetic field the time needed to align the
nuclei of sufficiently large size is measured, and is found to decrease with
the square of the magnetic field. When the field is removed the disordering
time is observed to last on a longer time scale. The growth rate of the nematic
domains at constant temperature within the coexistence region is found to
increase when a magnetic field is applied.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, unpublishe
Asymptotic analysis of EmdenâFowler type equation with an application to power flow models
EmdenâFowler type equations are nonlinear differential equations that appear in many fields such as mathematical physics, astrophysics and chemistry. In this paper, we perform an asymptotic analysis of a specific EmdenâFowler type equation that emerges in a queuing theory context as an approximation of voltages under a well-known power flow model. Thus, we place EmdenâFowler type equations in the context of electrical engineering. We derive properties of the continuous solution of this specific EmdenâFowler type equation and study the asymptotic behavior of its discrete analog. We conclude that the discrete analog has the same asymptotic behavior as the classical continuous EmdenâFowler type equation that we consider.</p
Polyhedral restrictions of feasibility regions in optimal power flow for distribution networks
The optimal power flow (OPF) problem is one of the most fundamental problems in power system operations. The non-linear alternating current (AC) power flow equations that model different physical laws (together with operational constraints) lay the foundation for the feasibility region of the OPF problem. While significant research has focused on convex relaxations, which are approaches to solve an OPF problem by enlarging the true feasibility region, the opposite approach of convex restrictions offers valuable insights as well. Convex restrictions, including polyhedral restrictions, reduce the true feasible region to a convex region, ensuring that it contains only feasible points. In this work, we develop a sequential optimization method that offers a scalable way to obtain (bounds on) solutions to OPF problems for distribution networks. To do so, we first develop sufficient conditions for the existence of feasible power flow solutions in the neighborhood of a specific (feasible) operating point in distribution networks, and second, based on these conditions, we construct a polyhedral restriction of the feasibility region. Our numerical results demonstrate the efficacy of the sequential optimization method as an alternative to existing approaches to obtain (bounds on) solutions to OPF problems for distribution networks. By construction, the optimization problems can be solved in polynomial time and are guaranteed to have feasible solutions
Polyhedral restrictions of feasibility regions in optimal power flow for distribution networks
The optimal power flow (OPF) problem is one of the most fundamental problems
in power system operations. The non-linear alternating current (AC) power flow
equations that model different physical laws (together with operational
constraints) lay the foundation for the feasibility region of the OPF problem.
While significant research has focused on convex relaxations, which are
approaches to solve an OPF problem by enlarging the true feasibility region,
the opposite approach of convex restrictions offers valuable insights as well.
Convex restrictions, including polyhedral restrictions, reduce the true
feasible region to a convex region, ensuring that it contains only feasible
points. In this work, we develop a sequential optimization method that offers a
scalable way to obtain (bounds on) solutions to OPF problems for distribution
networks. To do so, we first develop sufficient conditions for the existence of
feasible power flow solutions in the neighborhood of a specific (feasible)
operating point in distribution networks, and second, based on these
conditions, we construct a polyhedral restriction of the feasibility region.
Our numerical results demonstrate the efficacy of the sequential optimization
method as an alternative to existing approaches to obtain (bounds on) solutions
to OPF problems for distribution networks. By construction, the optimization
problems can be solved in polynomial time and are guaranteed to have feasible
solutions.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
Possibilities, patience, and perserverance:A preliminary analysis of the needs and experiences of ten older adults regarding their use of digital health technology
The COVID-19 pandemic created the need to use digital health resources (DR), as they sometimes were the only option to receive healthcare or social interaction. The aim of this research is to provide insight into the experiences during the lockdown of older people using DR for health in general and the points of improvement they see. A qualitative study was carried out using semi-structured interviews with older persons by telephone. A total of 10 older adults participated, with a median age of 78 years, the majority having a chronic disease. The most important themes for motivation to use health-related DR were âurgencyâ and âusefulnessâ. Experiences with DR were related to the themes âhuman contactâ and âcommunicationâ, which were experienced by respondents as facilitated by DR, and âtime and energyâ, which was two-sided. Additionally, most older persons worried about accessibility of DR by all older persons and the support needed. In conclusion, older persons are convinced of the urgency and the usefulness of digital technology for health and healthcare. Time and energy constraints can be alleviated by using DR on the one hand, but this can also be challenging if older persons are less digitally skilled or lack digital literacy. Good and sustained human support is therefore mandatory
Asymptotic analysis of Emden-Fowler type equation with an application to power flow models
Emden-Fowler type equations are nonlinear differential equations that appear in many fields such as mathematical physics, astrophysics and chemistry. In this paper, we perform an asymptotic analysis of a specific Emden-Fowler type equation that emerges in a queuing theory context as an approximation of voltages under a well-known power flow model. Thus, we place Emden-Fowler type equations in the context of electrical engineering. We derive properties of the continuous solution of this specific Emden-Fowler type equation and study the asymptotic behavior of its discrete analog. We conclude that the discrete analog has the same asymptotic behavior as the classical continuous Emden-Fowler type equation that we consider
Asymptotic analysis of Emden-Fowler type equation with an application to power flow models
Emden-Fowler type equations are nonlinear differential equations that appear in many fields such as mathematical physics, astrophysics and chemistry. In this paper, we perform an asymptotic analysis of a specific Emden-Fowler type equation that emerges in a queuing theory context as an approximation of voltages under a well-known power flow model. Thus, we place Emden-Fowler type equations in the context of electrical engineering. We derive properties of the continuous solution of this specific Emden-Fowler type equation and study the asymptotic behavior of its discrete analog. We conclude that the discrete analog has the same asymptotic behavior as the classical continuous Emden-Fowler type equation that we consider
High Field Anomalies of Equilibrium and Ultrafast Magnetism in Rare-Earth-Transition Metal Ferrimagnets
Magneto-optical spectroscopy in fields up to 30 Tesla reveals anomalies in
the equilibrium and ultrafast magnetic properties of the ferrimagnetic
rare-earth-transition metal alloy TbFeCo. In particular, in the vicinity of the
magnetization compensation temperature, each of the magnetizations of the
antiferromagnetically coupled Tb and FeCo sublattices show triple hysteresis
loops. Contrary to state-of-the-art theory, which explains such loops by sample
inhomogeneities, here we show that they are an intrinsic property of the
rare-earth ferrimagnets. Assuming that the rare-earth ions are paramagnetic and
have a non-zero orbital momentum in the ground state and, therefore, a large
magnetic anisotropy, we are able to reproduce the experimentally observed
behavior in equilibrium. The same theory is also able to describe the
experimentally observed critical slowdown of the spin dynamics in the vicinity
of the magnetization compensation temperature, emphasizing the role played by
the orbital momentum in static and ultrafast magnetism of ferrimagnets
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