« La dimension symbolique de toute pratique sociale se situe dans une surcharge des connotations »

Dans cet entretien, Philippe Braud, auteur d’un manuel de sociologie politique accordant une large place au langage, resitue l’importance qu’il accorde à la dimension lexicale et discursive dans la pratique politique. Pour lui, les luttes politiques sont d’abord celles qui visent à imposer un sens légitime à l’action conduite. Son itinéraire intellectuel est marqué par des lectures nombreuses et diversifiées, notamment de chercheurs étatsuniens, appartenant à différentes disciplines. Ses publications sur l’émotion et le symbolique résultent d’un considérable travail de synthèse effectué à partir d’une multitude d’études tant empiriques que théoriques.Philippe Braud is the author of an essay in political sociology that is quite attentive to langage and that explains the importance he gives to the lexical and discursive dimension of langage in political practice. According to him, political struggles are first the stuggles for the legitimacy and relevancy of an action. His intellectual journey was marked by numerous and diverse readings, notably by the reading of US American academics coming from various disciplinary fields. His works on emotion and symbolism are the synthesis of many theoretical as well as empirical studies.En esta entrevista, Philippe Braud, autor de un manual de sociología política que atribuye al lenguage un espacio importante, restituye la importancia que da a la dimensión lexical y discursiva en la práctica política. Para él, las luchas políticas son, en primer lugar, las que buscan imponer un sentido legítimo al actuar. Su itinerario intelectual está marcado por numerosas y diversas lecturas, particularmente de obras de investigadores estadounidenses que pertenecen a varias disciplinas. Sus publicaciones sobre la emoción y lo simbólico son el producto de un considerable trabajo de síntesis efectuado a partir de varios estudios tanto empíricos como teóricos

Entrectinib in locally advanced or metastatic ROS1 fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Integrated analysis of ALKA-372-001, STARTRK-1 and STARTRK-2

Background Entrectinib is a potent inhibitor of ROS1 (in addition to TRKA/B/C), designed to effectively penetrate the central nervous system (CNS); brain metastases are common in patients with advanced ROS1 fusion-positive NSCLC. Entrectinib achieves therapeutic levels in the CNS with antitumor activity in multiple intracranial tumor models. We present an updated integrated safety and efficacy analysis from three Phase I/II studies of entrectinib (ALKA-372-001 [EudraCT 2012-000148-88], STARTRK-1 [NCT02097810], STARTRK-2 [NCT02568267]) in patients with locally advanced or metastatic ROS1 fusion-positive NSCLCs. Methods The analysis included patients with ROS1 inhibitor-naive NSCLC harboring a ROS1 fusion identified via nucleic acid-based diagnostic platforms. The ROS1 safety-evaluable population included patients with ROS1 fusion-positive NSCLC who received ≥1 dose of entrectinib; the integrated efficacy analysis included patients with at least 6 months of follow-up. Tumor assessments were done at week 4 and every 8 weeks thereafter. Blinded independent central review (BICR), RECIST v1.1 was performed. Primary endpoints by BICR: overall response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR). Key secondary endpoints: progression-free survival (PFS), safety. Additional endpoints: intracranial ORR (complete/partial responses), DOR in patients with an intracranial response, PFS in patients with baseline CNS disease. Results In the ROS1 safety-evaluable population (n=134), at least one treatment-related AE (TRAE) of any grade was seen in 93% of patients. Patients with at least one TRAE by highest grade were: grade 1/2, 59%; grade 3, 31%; grade 4, 4%. There were no grade 5 TRAEs. TRAEs led to dose reduction or discontinuation in 34% and 5% of patients, respectively. In the efficacy-evaluable population (n=53 patients with treatment-naive, ROS1 fusion-positive NSCLC; median age 53 years, 64% female, 59% never smokers), BICR-assessed ORR was 77% (95% CI 64-88), complete responses n=3 (6%). Median BICR-assessed DOR: 25 mo (95% CI 11-35). Median BICR-assessed PFS: 26 mo (95% CI 16-37) and 14 mo (95% CI 5-NR) for patients without (n=30) and with CNS disease (n=23) at baseline, respectively. In patients with baseline CNS disease (per BICR assessment, n=20), intracranial ORR was 55% (95% CI 32-77) and median intracranial DOR in patients with an intracranial response (n=11) was 13 mo (95% CI 6-not reached). Conclusion Entrectinib is highly active in patients with ROS1 fusion-positive NSCLC, including those with CNS disease. Entrectinib is well tolerated and has a manageable safety profile. Citation Format: Alexander Drilon, Fabrice Barlesi, Filippo De Braud, Byoung Chul Cho, Myung-Ju Ahn, Salvatore Siena, Matthew G. Krebs, Chia-Chi Lin, Tom John, Daniel SW Tan, Takashi Seto, Rafal Dziadziuszko, Hendrick-Tobias Arkenau, Christian Rolfo, Jurgen Wolf, Chenglin Ye, Todd Riehl, Susan Eng, Robert C. Doebele. Entrectinib in locally advanced or metastatic ROS1 fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Integrated analysis of ALKA-372-001, STARTRK-1 and STARTRK-2 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr CT192

A Novel System of Polymorphic and Diverse NK Cell Receptors in Primates

There are two main classes of natural killer (NK) cell receptors in mammals, the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and the structurally unrelated killer cell lectin-like receptors (KLR). While KIR represent the most diverse group of NK receptors in all primates studied to date, including humans, apes, and Old and New World monkeys, KLR represent the functional equivalent in rodents. Here, we report a first digression from this rule in lemurs, where the KLR (CD94/NKG2) rather than KIR constitute the most diverse group of NK cell receptors. We demonstrate that natural selection contributed to such diversification in lemurs and particularly targeted KLR residues interacting with the peptide presented by MHC class I ligands. We further show that lemurs lack a strict ortholog or functional equivalent of MHC-E, the ligands of non-polymorphic KLR in “higher” primates. Our data support the existence of a hitherto unknown system of polymorphic and diverse NK cell receptors in primates and of combinatorial diversity as a novel mechanism to increase NK cell receptor repertoire

Nouvelles observations de Xylotrechus stebbingi Gahan, 1906, en Europe et en Afrique du Nord (Col., Cerambycidae)

Braud Yoann, Ramos Richard, Cocquempot Christian. Nouvelles observations de Xylotrechus stebbingi Gahan, 1906, en Europe et en Afrique du Nord (Col., Cerambycidae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 107 (5), décembre 2002. pp. 487-488

La dimension symbolique de toute pratique sociale se situe dans une surcharge des connotations [Entretien avec Philippe Braud par Paul Bacot et Christian Le Bart]

[Entretien avec Philippe Braud par Paul Bacot et Christian Le Bart], Mots, les langage du politique, n°116, http://journals.openedition.org/mots/23085Philippe Braud is the author of an essay in political sociology that is quite attentive to langage and that explains the importance he gives to the lexical and discursive dimension of langage in political practice. According to him, political struggles are first the stuggles for the legitimacy and relevancy of an action. His intellectual journey was marked by numerous and diverse readings, notably by the reading of US American academics coming from various disciplinary fields. His works on emotion and symbolism are the synthesis of many theoretical as well as empirical studies.En esta entrevista, Philippe Braud, autor de un manual de sociología política que atribuye al lenguage un espacio importante, restituye la importancia que da a la dimensión lexical y discursiva en la práctica política. Para él, las luchas políticas son, en primer lugar, las que buscan imponer un sentido legítimo al actuar. Su itinerario intelectual está marcado por numerosas y diversas lecturas, particularmente de obras de investigadores estadounidenses que pertenecen a varias disciplinas. Sus publicaciones sobre la emoción y lo simbólico son el producto de un considerable trabajo de síntesis efectuado a partir de varios estudios tanto empíricos como teóricos.Dans cet entretien, Philippe Braud, auteur d’un manuel de sociologie politique accordant une large place au langage, resitue l’importance qu’il accorde à la dimension lexicale et discursive dans la pratique politique. Pour lui, les luttes politiques sont d’abord celles qui visent à imposer un sens légitime à l’action conduite. Son itinéraire intellectuel est marqué par des lectures nombreuses et diversifiées, notamment de chercheurs étatsuniens, appartenant à différentes disciplines. Ses publications sur l’émotion et le symbolique résultent d’un considérable travail de synthèse effectué à partir d’une multitude d’études tant empiriques que théoriques

La dimension symbolique de toute pratique sociale se situe dans une surcharge des connotations [Entretien avec Philippe Braud par Paul Bacot et Christian Le Bart]

[Entretien avec Philippe Braud par Paul Bacot et Christian Le Bart], Mots, les langage du politique, n°116, http://journals.openedition.org/mots/23085Philippe Braud is the author of an essay in political sociology that is quite attentive to langage and that explains the importance he gives to the lexical and discursive dimension of langage in political practice. According to him, political struggles are first the stuggles for the legitimacy and relevancy of an action. His intellectual journey was marked by numerous and diverse readings, notably by the reading of US American academics coming from various disciplinary fields. His works on emotion and symbolism are the synthesis of many theoretical as well as empirical studies.En esta entrevista, Philippe Braud, autor de un manual de sociología política que atribuye al lenguage un espacio importante, restituye la importancia que da a la dimensión lexical y discursiva en la práctica política. Para él, las luchas políticas son, en primer lugar, las que buscan imponer un sentido legítimo al actuar. Su itinerario intelectual está marcado por numerosas y diversas lecturas, particularmente de obras de investigadores estadounidenses que pertenecen a varias disciplinas. Sus publicaciones sobre la emoción y lo simbólico son el producto de un considerable trabajo de síntesis efectuado a partir de varios estudios tanto empíricos como teóricos.Dans cet entretien, Philippe Braud, auteur d’un manuel de sociologie politique accordant une large place au langage, resitue l’importance qu’il accorde à la dimension lexicale et discursive dans la pratique politique. Pour lui, les luttes politiques sont d’abord celles qui visent à imposer un sens légitime à l’action conduite. Son itinéraire intellectuel est marqué par des lectures nombreuses et diversifiées, notamment de chercheurs étatsuniens, appartenant à différentes disciplines. Ses publications sur l’émotion et le symbolique résultent d’un considérable travail de synthèse effectué à partir d’une multitude d’études tant empiriques que théoriques

4th Workshop on Computational Approaches to Discourse: Proceedings of the Workshop held in conjunction with ACL 2023 - 9-14 July, 2023, Toronto (Canada)

International audienceWelcome to the 4th Workshop on Computational Approaches to Discourse, CODI! CODI provides a venue to bring together researchers working on all aspects of discourse in Computational Linguistics and NLP. Our aim is to provide a venue for the entire discourse processing community where we can present and exchange our theories, algorithms, software, datasets, and tools. The workshop consists of invited talks, contributed papers, extended abstracts, and ACL Findings presentations. We received paper submissions that span a wide range of topics, addressing issues related to discourse representation and parsing, reference and coreference resolution, summarization, dialogue, pragmatics, applications, and more. As the workshop is hybrid this year, papers are presented live either in person or remotely and discussed during live Q&A sessions. We are pleased that CODI 2023 features the third edition of the DISRPT (DIScourse Relation Parsing and Treebanking) shared task on Discourse Segmentation, Connective and Relation Identification across Formalisms. As we hope that the next CODI workshops will also feature shared tasks and other special events, the workshop also includes a discussion on future shared tasks, special sessions on discourse representation and parsing, coreference resolution, and multilingual discourse processing and machine translation. We thank our invited speakers, Yufang Hou, IBM Research Ireland and adjunct senior lecturer and co-supervisor at UKP Lab-TU Darmstadt, who works on referential discourse modeling, argument mining, and scholarly document processing; and Giuseppe Carenini, University of British Columbia, known for his work on discourse parsing, summarization, and generation. We would also like to thank our reviewers for their thoughtful and instructive comments. They helped us to prepare an excellent and inclusive workshop program. Finally we would like to thank the ACL 2023 workshop chairs Eduardo Blanco, Yang Feng, and Annie Louis who organized the ACL workshops program

Growth of various cell types in the presence of lactic and glycolic acids: the adverse effect of glycolic acid released from PLAGA copolymer on keratinocyte proliferation.

International audiencePoly(alpha-hydroxy-acid)s derived from lactic acid (LA) and glycolic acid (GA) are bioresorbable polymers that are currently used in human surgery and in pharmacology to make temporary therapeutic devices. Nowadays, increasing attention is paid to these polymers in the field of tissue engineering. However, the literature shows that a large number of factors can affect many of their properties and the responses of biological systems. As part of our investigation of the biocompatibility of degradable aliphatic polyesters, the effects of LA and GA on the proliferation of various cells under in vitro cell culture conditions were studied. The release of LA and GA from films made of a copolymer synthesized by the zinc lactate method and composed of 37.5% L-lactyl, 37.5% D-lactyl, and 25% glycolyl repeating units was first investigated over a period of 30 days under abiotic conditions in a cell culture medium in order to identify a range of acid concentrations consistent with releases to be expected in real cell cultures. Four cell lines, namely 3T3-J2, C3H10(1/2), A431, and HaCat, and three primary cell cultures, namely rat endothelial cells, rat smooth muscle cells, and human dermal fibroblasts, were then allowed to grow in the presence of LA and GA at various concentrations taken within the selected 10-1000 mg/cm3 range. Little or no effect was observed on the proliferation of all cells except human keratinocytes, whose growth was dramatically inhibited by GA at concentrations as low as 10 mg/cm3. The inhibiting effect of GA was confirmed by considering the growth of keratinocytes on films made of the same copolymer, in comparison with poly(DL-lactic acid) and polystyrene taken as references. This work shows that GA-releasing degradable matrices are not adapted to the culture of keratinocytes with the aim of making skin grafts