Cytokine Profile as a Marker of Cell Damage and Immune Dysfunction after Spinal Cord Injury

The study reviews findings of the recent experiments designed to investigate cytokine profile after a spinal cord injury. The role of key cytokines was assessed in the formation of cellular response to trauma. The specific immunopathogenic interaction of the nervous and immune systems in the immediate and chronic post-traumatic periods is summarized. The practicality of a step-by-step approach to assessing the cytokine profile in spinal cord injury is shown, the need to take into account the combination of pathogenetic and protective components in the implementation regulatory effects of individual cytokines, their integration into regenerative processes in the damaged spinal cord, which allows a rational approach to the organization of the treatment process and the development of new medicines

Mobility of edge dislocations in stressed iron crystals during irradiation

The behavior of a/2(111){110} edge dislocations in iron in shear loading and irradiation conditions was studied by means of molecular dynamics simulation. Edge dislocations were exposed to shock waves formed by atomic displacement cascades of different energies. It was shown that starting from a certain threshold amplitude shock waves cause displacement of edge dislocations in the loaded samples. Calculations showed that the larger the shear load and the amplitude of the shock wave, the greater the displacement of dislocations in the crystallite

Эвристическая модель интеграции религиозности и социально-психологической адаптации

Introduction. The relationship between religiosity and adaptation is an important issue in the psychology of religion. The present study introduces a heuristic model integrating these phenomena. The model components are organized in a two-dimensional space, where extreme points indicate the intensity of the phenomena. The study revealed four types of relationship: (1) external religiousness – adaptation, (2) external religiosity – desadaptation, (3) internal religiousness – adaptation, and (4) internal religiousness – desadaptation. Methods. The data statistical processing included the following steps: (a) checking the adequacy of graphically presenting the model, (b) checking the hypothesis of the differentiation of adaptation strategies depending on their location on the coordinate plane of the geometric space of the model, (c) revealing the content of adaptation/desadaptation variables. Results. The adequacy of graphically presenting the constructed model gained empirical confirmation. Combinations of the parameters of adaptation/desadaptation and external/internal religiosity led to specific behavior types. Desadaptation resulted from external religiosity and the adaptation strategy of “leaving the environment and searching for a new one”, without the desire for change in the environment or self-changing. Adequate responses to changes in the environment led to adaptation. However, religion did not characterize the individual’s adaptation. Discussion. The presented model can be a form of cognitive scheme which simplifies the internal processing of life experience. The paper describes prospects for further research.Введение. В статье представлено решение актуальной проблемы психологии религии – взаимосвязи религиозности и адаптации личности. Новизна авторского решения заключается в создании и эмпирической апробации эвристической модели интеграции этих феноменов. Составляющие модель компоненты организованы в двумерном пространстве, в котором крайние точки обозначают интенсивность проявления феноменов. Авторами описаны четыре возможные взаимосвязи: «внешняя религиозность – адаптивность», «внешняя религиозность – дезадаптивность», «внутренняя религиозность – адаптивность», «внутренняя религиозность – дезадаптивность».        Методы. В данном разделе описаны основные, применяемые в исследовании методы, а также этапы статистической обработки данных исследования. Этапы включали в себя проверку адекватности графического представления модели, а также проверку гипотезы о дифференциации стратегий адаптации в зависимости от их расположения относительно осей координатной плоскости, составляющих геометрическое пространство модели. Отдельный этап статистической обработки данных подразумевал выявление содержательного наполнения переменных «адаптивность»/«дезадаптивность». Результаты. Данный раздел включает описание полученных в ходе эмпирического исследования результатов. Эмпирически подтверждена адекватность графического представления конструируемой модели. Представлены специфические способы поведения, порождаемые сочетанием параметров «адаптивности»/«дезадаптивности» и «внешней»/«внутренней» религиозности. Дезадаптивность складывается из таких компонентов, как «внешняя религиозность» и стратегии адаптации «уход из среды и поиск новой», при отсутствии стремления к активному изменению среды или себя. Адаптивность складывается из адекватных форм реагирования на изменение среды. Религиозность при этом не является характеристикой адаптивности личности. Обсуждение результатов. В заключении делается вывод о том, что представленную модель можно рассматривать как разновидность когнитивной схемы, ускоряющей и упрощающей внутреннюю переработку жизненного опыта. Описаны возможные перспективы дальнейших исследований в этом направлении

Eurasian-Scale Experimental Satellite-based Quantum Key Distribution with Detector Efficiency Mismatch Analysis

The Micius satellite is the pioneering initiative to demonstrate quantum teleportation, entanglement distribution, quantum key distribution (QKD), and quantum-secured communications experiments at the global scale. In this work, we report on the results of the 600-mm-aperture ground station design which has enabled the establishment of a quantum-secured link between the Zvenigorod and Nanshan ground stations using the Micius satellite. As a result of a quantum communications session, an overall sifted key of 2.5 Mbits and a total final key length of 310 kbits have been obtained. We present an extension of the security analysis of the realization of satellite-based QKD decoy-state protocol by taking into account the effect of the detection-efficiency mismatch for four detectors. We also simulate the QKD protocol for the satellite passage and by that validate our semi-empirical model for a realistic receiver, which is in good agreement with the experimental data. Our results pave the way to the considerations of realistic imperfection of the QKD systems, which are important in the context of their practical security.Comment: 8+2 pages, 5+2 figure

Influence of probiotics "Spas" and "Biosporin" at T-2 toxication of broiler chickens

The main aim of this article was research the influence of probiotics ?Spas? and ?Biosporin? in sub-chronic poisoning by T-2 toxin of broiler chickens. The application of probiotics ?Spas? and ?Biosporin? to broiler chickens during intoxication by T-2 toxin occur beneficial effects on clinical and hematologic, immune-biochemical parameters, thereby increasing the safety of chickens and also increased live weight gain

CCR5/CXCR3 antagonist TAK-779 prevents diffuse alveolar damage of the lung in the murine model of the acute respiratory distress syndrome

Introduction: The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), secondary to viral pneumonitis, is one of the main causes of high mortality in patients with COVID-19 (novel coronavirus disease 2019)—ongoing SARS-CoV-2 infection— reached more than 0.7 billion registered cases.Methods: Recently, we elaborated a non-surgical and reproducible method of the unilateral total diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) of the left lung in ICR mice–a publicly available imitation of the ARDS caused by SARS-CoV-2. Our data read that two C–C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) ligands, macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIPs) MIP-1α/CCL3 and MIP-1β/CCL4, are upregulated in this DAD model up to three orders of magnitude compared to the background level.Results: Here, we showed that a nonpeptide compound TAK-779, an antagonist of CCR5/CXCR3, readily prevents DAD in the lung with a single injection of 2.5 mg/kg. Histological analysis revealed reduced peribronchial and perivascular mononuclear infiltration in the lung and mononuclear infiltration of the wall and lumen of the alveoli in the TAK-779-treated animals. Administration of TAK-779 decreased the 3–5-fold level of serum cytokines and chemokines in animals with DAD, including CCR5 ligands MIP-1α/β, MCP-1, and CCL5. Computed tomography revealed rapid recovery of the density and volume of the affected lung in TAK-779-treated animals.Discussion: Our pre-clinical data suggest that TAK-779 is more effective than the administration of dexamethasone or the anti-IL6R therapeutic antibody tocilizumab, which brings novel therapeutic modality to TAK-779 and other CCR5 inhibitors for the treatment of virus-induced hyperinflammation syndromes, including COVID-19

Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in ZZ-tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at s=\sqrt{s}=13 TeV

Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against a $Z$ boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 $< p_{\textrm{T}} < 100$ GeV and in the pseudorapidity range $2.5 < \eta < 4$. The data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb$^{-1}$. Triple differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb public pages

Study of the B−→Λc+Λˉc−K−B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-} decay

The decay $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ is studied in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment. In the $\Lambda_{c}^+ K^{-}$ system, the $\Xi_{c}(2930)^{0}$ state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is resolved into two narrower states, $\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}$ and $\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}$, whose masses and widths are measured to be $$m(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = 2924.5 \pm 0.4 \pm 1.1 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ m(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = 2938.5 \pm 0.9 \pm 2.3 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = \phantom{000}4.8 \pm 0.9 \pm 1.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},\\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = \phantom{00}11.0 \pm 1.9 \pm 7.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},$$ where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a prompt $\Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ sample. Evidence of a new $\Xi_{c}(2880)^{0}$ state is found with a local significance of $3.8\,\sigma$, whose mass and width are measured to be $2881.8 \pm 3.1 \pm 8.5\,\mathrm{MeV}$ and $12.4 \pm 5.3 \pm 5.8 \,\mathrm{MeV}$, respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode $\Xi_{c}(2790)^{0} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ is found with a significance of $3.7\,\sigma$. The relative branching fraction of $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ with respect to the $B^{-} \to D^{+} D^{-} K^{-}$ decay is measured to be $2.36 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.22 \pm 0.25$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb public pages

Measurement of the ratios of branching fractions R(D∗)\mathcal{R}(D^{*}) and R(D0)\mathcal{R}(D^{0})

The ratios of branching fractions $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})\equiv\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})\equiv\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ are measured, assuming isospin symmetry, using a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb${ }^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The tau lepton is identified in the decay mode $\tau^{-}\to\mu^{-}\nu_{\tau}\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$. The measured values are $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})=0.281\pm0.018\pm0.024$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})=0.441\pm0.060\pm0.066$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The correlation between these measurements is $\rho=-0.43$. Results are consistent with the current average of these quantities and are at a combined 1.9 standard deviations from the predictions based on lepton flavor universality in the Standard Model.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-039.html (LHCb public pages

CORRELATION OF INTERSUBJECTIVE AND INTRASUBJECTIVE AGE NORMS IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS

Социально-возрастные нормы имеют двусторонний характер. С одной стороны, они являются продуктом обобщения позитивного опыта социального взаимодействия, отражают правила использования социально-возрастной «грамматики». Это – интерсубъективные социально-возрастные нормы. С другой стороны, виды социально-возрастных норм являются продуктом внутреннего диалога, проявляют их личностный смысл. Это – интрасубъективные социально-возрастные нормы. Соотношение интерсубъективных и интрасубъективных социально-возрастных норм специфично для разных возрастных групп. Наибольшие различия между ними наблюдаются в возрастной группе 36-50 лет. Различие и сходство между социально-возрастными нормами в разных возрастных группах определяется особенностями функций, которые они выполняют.Socio-age norms are bilateral. On the one hand, they are the product of generalization of positive experience of social interaction, reflects the rules of the use of socially-age «grammar». It is intersubjective social-age norms. On the other hand, the types of socio-age standards are the product of internal dialogue and reflect personal meanings of life. It is intrasubjective socio-age norms. Correlation of both kinds of norms is specific to different age groups. The greatest differences between them are observed in the age group 36-50 years. Differences and similarities between the socio-age norms in different age groups are determined by the peculiarities of the functions they perform