Study of the two-stage gasification process of pulverized coal at the hydrodynamic flow separation

The paper presents a numerical study of advanced two-stage gasifier with a combined countercurrent and concurrent flow pattern and dry fuel feed system EAGLE. The Kuznetsk coal was used as a fuel for the gasifier under study. We have conducted studies on the influence of the inclination angle of the upper burners in horizontal and vertical planes, and the amount of steam supplied, on heat and mass transfer processes in the chamber as well as on the composition of coal-derived gases. It is shown that the increase in the inclination angle of the upper burners in the horizontal plane allows intensifying the process of two-stage gasification and makes it possible decreasing the height of the chamber without sacrifice of the composition of the coal-derived gases. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.Problem statement (section 1 and 2) and results analysis (section 4) were carried out at UrFU and supported by the Russian Science Foundation by Grant 14-19-00524 (M. Chernetskiy and A. Ryzhkov

3D stereo reconstruction: High resolution satellite video

Precise high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are essential for creation of terrain relief and associated terrain hazard area maps, urban land development, smart cities and in other applications. The 3D modelling system entitled the UCL Co-registration Ames Stereo Pipeline (ASP) Gotcha Optimised (CASP-GO) was demonstrated on stereo data of Mars to generate 3D models for around 20% of Martian surface using cloud computers which was reported in 2018. CASP-GO is an automated DEM/DTM processing chain for NASA Mars, lunar and Earth Observation data including Mars 6m Context Camera (CTX) and High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) 25cm stereo-data as well as ASTER 18m stereo data acquired on the NASA EOS Terra platform. CASP-GO uses tie-point based multi- resolution image co-registration, combined with sub-pixel refinement and densification. It is based on a combination of the NASA ASP and an adaptive least squares cor- relation and region growing matcher called Gotcha (Gruen-Otto-Chau). CASP-GO was successfully applied to produce more than 5300 DTMs of Mars (http://www.i- Mars.eu/web-GIS). This work employs CASP-GO to obtain DEMs from high resolution Earth Observation (EO) satellite video system SSTL Carbonite-2. CASP- GO was modified to work with multi-view point-and-stare video data including subpixel fusion of point clouds. Multi-view stereo video data are distinguished from still image data by a richer amount of information and noisier water areas

Study of the two-stage gasification process of pulverized coal with a combined countercurrent and concurrent flow system

The paper presents a numerical study of an advanced two-stage gasifier with a combined countercurrent and concurrent flow pattern and dry fuel feed system EAGLE. The Reynolds Stress model was used for the numerical simulation of turbulent flow. We have conducted studies on the influence of upper burner's inclination angle on heat and mass transfer processes in the gasifier as well as on coal conversion. It is shown that the increase in the upper burner's inclination angle in the horizontal plane allows intensifying the process of two-stage gasification. © 2017 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.Problem statement and results analysis were carried out at the Ural Federal University and financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 14-19-00524). The development of methods for mathematical modeling and calculations was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation under the Grant Agreement No. 14.607.21.0150 (Unique identifier of the RFMEFI60716X0150

Simulating arbitrary hyperspectral bandsets from multispectral observations via a generic Earth Observation-Land Data Assimilation System (EO-LDAS)

This paper presents results of using multi-sensor and multi-angular constraints in the generic Earth Observation-Land Data Assimilation System (EO-LDAS) for reproducing arbitrary bandsets of hyperspectral reflectance at the top-of-canopy (TOC) level by merging observations from multispectral sensors with different spectral characteristics. This is demonstrated by combining Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) and Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data to simulate the Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer CHRIS/PROBA hyperspectral signal over an agricultural test site, in Barrax, Spain. However, the method can be more generally applied to any combination of spectral data, providing a tool for merging EO data to any arbitrary hyperspectral bandset. Comparisons are presented using both synthetic and observed MISR and Landsat data, and retrieving surface biophysical properties. We find that when using simulated MISR and Landsat data, the CHRIS/PROBA hyperspectral signal is reproduced with RMSE 0.0001– 0.04. LAI is retrieved with r2 from 0.97 to 0.99 and RMSE of from 0.21 to 0.38. The results based on observed MISR and Landsat data have lower performances, with RMSE for the reproduced CHRIS/PROBA hyperspectral signal varying from 0.007 to 0.2. LAI is retrievedwith r2 from 0.7 to 0.9 and RMSE from 0.7 to 1.4. We found that for the data considered here the main spectral variations in the visible and near infrared regions can be described by a limited number of parameters (3–4) that can be estimated from multispectral information. Results show that the method can be used to simulate arbitrary bandsets, which will be of importance to any application which requires combining new and existing streams of new EO data in the optical domain, particularly intercalibration of EO satellites in order to get continuous time series of surface reflectance, across programmes and sensors of different designs

The Use of Mechanically Activated Micronized Coal in Thermal Power Engineering

Coal is one of the main energy resources and development of new promising technologies on its basis is certainly topical. This article discusses the use of new technology of gas and fuel oil replacement by mechanically activated micronized coal in power engineering: ignition and stabilization of pulverized coal flame combustion, as well as gasification of micronized coal in the flow. The new technology coal combustion with two stages of grinding is suggested. Optimization of the scheme of two-stage combustion is calculated. The first experimental data on the combustion process are obtained. The first demonstration tests on gas and heavy oil replacement by micronized coal during boiler ignition were carried out in the real power boiler with the capacity of 320 tons of steam per hour

Uncertainty characterization & validation within ESA Fire-CCI

Uncertainty characterisation and validation are critical phases to generate any Essential Climate Variable (ECV), and therefore both have been included as key deliverables of the ESA CCI programme [1]. All products generated by the CCI are required to have an associated per pixel uncertainty characterisation. This paper describes both the uncertainty characterisation framework and the related uncertainty validation exercise of the Fire-CCI projectinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Uncertainty for Burnt Area Products

Burnt area (BA) products are usually provided as a binary mask, indicating whether within a particular time interval, a pixel has or has not burnt. However, this is an inference derived from assessing e.g. the change in reflectance due to the fire. These calculations are prone to uncertainty from a number of sources: thermal noise in the sensor, residual atmospheric correction shortcomings or insufficient temporal sampling, etc. In this contribution, we aim to provide a framework for uncertainty characterisation of BA products. The uncertainty framework is Bayesian in nature, and provides a way to propagate uncertainty from the observations, across scales, but also allows one to propagate uncertainty in algorithm parameterisation. We illustrate the framework with a simple example based on logistic regression. Finally, we discuss how the uncertainty at the pixel level can be aggregated to the climate modeller grid (CMG), providing a consistent way to treat uncertainty from the observations and algorithm parameters to the final product

Uncertainty Characterisation & Validation within ESA Fire-CCI

Uncertainty characterisation and validation are critical phases to generate any Essential Climate Variable (ECV), and therefore both have been included as key deliverables of the ESA CCI programme [1]. All products generated by the CCI are required to have an associated per pixel uncertainty characterisation. This paper describes both the uncertainty characterisation framework and the related uncertainty validation exercise of the Fire-CCI project

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ УРОЖАЯ ЗЕЛЕНЫХ БОБОВ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ СХЕМЫ ПОСЕВА И ГУСТОТЫ СТОЯНИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ БОБОВ ОВОЩНЫХ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЛЕСОСТЕПИ УКРАИНЫ

Under the conditions of Steppe  of the Ukraine during 2010-2012 a scheme  of planting and plant population of beans played a big role on the formation of a yield of green  beans variety Ukrainian Sloboda.   The highest  yield of cv. Ukrainian Sloboda; 13.5 t / ha; was obtained when the density of planting was 148;1 thousand plants/hectare  and the scheme of planting was 45х15. В условиях Лесостепи Украины в течение 2010-2012 годов изучали роль схемы посева и густоты стояния растений бобов овощных на формирование урожая зеленых бобов сорта Украинский Слободской. Наибольший урожай – 13,5 т/га получен при густоте стояния растений 148,1 тыс. шт/га и при схеме выращивания 45х15.

ZIRCONIA CERAMIC MATERIAL REINFORCED WITH CARBON NANOTUBES

Zirconia ceramic composites, reinforced with carbon nanotubes, are consolidated by hot pressing method. The resulting material has enhanced mechanical properties, such as ultimate strength, compared to composites without CNT additions