Meshing Force of Misaligned Spline Coupling and the Influence on Rotor System

Meshing force of misaligned spline coupling is derived, dynamic equation of rotor-spline coupling system is established based on finite element analysis, the influence of meshing force on rotor-spline coupling system is simulated by numerical integral method. According to the theoretical analysis, meshing force of spline coupling is related to coupling parameters, misalignment, transmitting torque, static misalignment, dynamic vibration displacement, and so on. The meshing force increases nonlinearly with increasing the spline thickness and static misalignment or decreasing alignment meshing distance (AMD). Stiffness of coupling relates to dynamic vibration displacement, and static misalignment is not a constant. Dynamic behaviors of rotor-spline coupling system reveal the following: 1X-rotating speed is the main response frequency of system when there is no misalignment; while 2X-rotating speed appears when misalignment is present. Moreover, when misalignment increases, vibration of the system gets intricate; shaft orbit departs from origin, and magnitudes of all frequencies increase. Research results can provide important criterions on both optimization design of spline coupling and trouble shooting of rotor systems

Objectification decreases prosociality: the mediating role of relative deprivation

Objectification denies individuals’ personhood and renders them as tools for facilitating others’ goal achievement. With two studies (N = 446), the present investigation aimed to contribute to the literature by testing whether and how objectification impacts prosociality, including prosocial intention and prosocial behavior. Study 1, with a correlational design, aimed to test whether participants with greater experience of objectification would report lower levels of prosociality, and to test whether participants’ relative deprivation could account for the proposed association between objectification and prosociality. To further test these associations and provide causal evidence, in Study 2, we manipulated objectification by asking participants to imagine future objectification experiences. These studies converged in support of the negative relationship between objectification and prosocial intention, as well as the mediating role of relative deprivation. Regarding prosocial behavior, our findings support a mediating mechanism between objectification and prosocial behavior, although the evidence for the effect of objectification on prosocial behavior is not sufficient. These findings enrich our understanding of the consequences of objectification, while highlighting interpersonal processes’ contribution to prosocial intention and behavior. The limitations and potential future directions were discussed

A Multilab Replication of the Ego Depletion Effect

There is an active debate regarding whether the ego depletion effect is real. A recent preregistered experiment with the Stroop task as the depleting task and the antisaccade task as the outcome task found a medium-level effect size. In the current research, we conducted a preregistered multilab replication of that experiment. Data from 12 labs across the globe (N = 1,775) revealed a small and significant ego depletion effect, d = 0.10. After excluding participants who might have responded randomly during the outcome task, the effect size increased to d = 0.16. By adding an informative, unbiased data point to the literature, our findings contribute to clarifying the existence, size, and generality of ego depletion

Coping Mediates the Association Between Type D Personality and Perceived Health in Chinese Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Background: Increasing evidence show that Type D personality is a risk factor for morbidity, mortality, and quality of life of patients with coronary vascular disease. Few studies examined coping as a potential behavioral mechanism to explain the harmful effect of Type D personality. Purpose: This study examined the association between Type D personality, coping, and perceived health among Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: One hundred seventeen CHD patients completed the assessments on Type D personality, coping, perceived severity of CHD, and morale. Results: There was no difference on severity of coronary artery stenosis between Type D and non-Type D patients. Compared to the non-Type D patients, the Type D patients perceived higher severity of CHD (5.31±2.41 versus 4.45±2.17, p<0.05) and lower morale (12.67±4.71 versus 15.00±4.43, p<0.05), and used less confrontation (16.90±5.39 versus 20.88±4.95, p<0.001) and more acceptance-resignation coping (10.16±3.50 versus 8.35±3.48, p<0.05). Mediation analyses showed that confrontation coping mediated the association between Type D personality and perceived severity of disease, and acceptance-resignation coping mediated the association between Type D personality and morale after controlling for age, gender, and clinical variables. Conclusion: The Type D patients used maladaptive coping in response to disease. These coping strategies fully mediated the association between Type D personality and perceived health. Implications for integrating coping training into the intervention for patients with a Type D personality are discussed. © 2010 The Author(s).published_or_final_versionSpringer Open Choice, 21 Feb 201

Psychological impact of social pain: The pain that doesn\u27t heal

The mounting evidence of the similarities between social pain and physical pain has led theorists to argue and researchers to provide evidence that the social-pain system may have piggybacked on the brain structure that evolved earlier for physical pain. Seven studies were conducted to examine two important distinctions between social pain and physical pain: (1) people can relive and re-experience social pain more easily and more intensely than physical pain, and (2) people can pre-live and pre-experience social pain more easily and more intensely than physical pain. Studies 1, 2a, 2b, and 3 instructed participants to relive social pain (i.e., to recall a severe social-pain experience) or physical pain (i.e., to recall a severe physical-pain experience), and then compared their ongoing feelings of pain. Study 1 directly asked participants to report their levels of pain using two self-report measures, and found that thoroughly recalling social pain led to a higher level of relived (currently felt) pain than was the case for physical pain. Studies 2a, 2b, and 3 measured participants’ feelings of pain indirectly. Because pain interrupts and impairs cognition, Studies 2a and 2b indexed feelings of pain with cognitive performance, and found that social pain reliving impaired performance on cognitively demanding tasks, as compared with physical pain reliving. In addition, pain decreases sensitivity to physical pressure. Study 3, therefore indirectly assessed pain by measuring participant’s sensitivity to pressure applied to their fingers via a pressure algometer, and found that participants endured higher levels of pressure following social pain reliving than physical pain reliving. Studies 4, 5, and 6 asked participants to pre-live social pain (i.e., to imagine a social-pain experience in the future) or physical pain (i.e., to imagine a physical-pain experience in the future), and measured participants’ feelings of pain thereafter. Study 4 directly asked participants to report their pain using self-report measures, and found that social pain pre-living led to higher levels of pain than physical pain pre-living. Study 5 measured pain indirectly with cognitive performance, and found that social pain pre-living led to worse performance on cognitively demanding tasks than physical pain pre-living. Study 6 assessed participants’ sensitivity toward physical pressure, and found that participants endured more pressure following social pain pre-living than physical pain pre-living. In all, these studies provided converging evidence to support the hypothesized differences between social pain and physical pain. Implications for social psychological research and theories on pain were discussed