Langues-U: A digital campus to increase students' autonomy?

International audienceThe aim of the digital campus Langues-U (http://www.langues-u.org) was to answer French universities' needs to prepare ESP students for the CLES (Certificat de Compétences en Langues de l'Enseignement Supérieur), providing the students with a self-study pedagogical tool. The online learning environment offers realistic activities and can be used by any learner working alone, either at home or in a language centre. In the form of blended learning the training can combine both distance learning and regular meetings with a teacher, according to the demands of the institutions deciding to implement it. It thus induces a modification of the roles of learner and teacher, and lets learners decide how they work and the resources they use according to their needs

Spécificités des techniques d’enseignement par rapport aux publics, mythe ou réalité ?

Une recherche-action auprès de doctorants scientifiques a confirmé l’importance de l’adaptation des formations proposées aux spécificités des publics. La finalité de ce projet fut la mise en place d’un système de guidage permettant d’améliorer l’expression orale en langue anglaise à buts spécifiques des jeunes chercheurs, a révélé que cette adaptation est impérative si l’on souhaiter respecter la motivation des apprenants, et répondre de la façon la plus adéquate possible à leurs besoins. L’essaimage de cette recherche cependant, a également indiqué qu’il était possible d’en adapter les résultats à d’autres publics possédant des caractéristiques connexes, pourvu que l’on tienne compte du contexte et du terrain spécifiques à chaque public, ainsi que de leurs exigences pratiques.An action research project, whose aim was to improve the oral expression of doctoral students, emphasized the importance of adapting teaching methods and resources to the specific needs of the learners. The implementation of a guidance system to help students continue working on their own, and the adoption of the system by other learners, highlighted the necessity of respecting learners’ needs in order to preserve their motivation. The results of this research can be applied to other learning situations, provided the specific context and its practical demands are taken into account

La motivation, une question de mesure ?

International audienceMotivation, one of the key concepts in language learning, is, as stated by Dornyei, a very complex issue. Although different types of mativation have indeed been studied by several researchers, some aspects of the concept are still difficult to tackle and aboveallto measure. During an action-research project carried out at Henri Poincaré University in Nancy, we discovered that these aspects were particularly important. Even if student motivation seems to exist prior to a course, if a satisfactory tool has been designed to measure it, and if everything seems provided to maintain it, one of the major difficulties may be, as was indeed the case in our study, to prevent it from being negatively, influenced by external constraints. This may indeed suggest that to measure motivation before a course is not sufficient.Le terme motivation, concept clé en matière d'apprentissage, recouvre, comme l'indique Dornyei, un domaine complexe. En effet, bien que les différents types de motivation aient été étudiés par de nombreux auteurs, certains aspects du concept restent particulièrement difficiles à maîtriser, et surtout à mesurer. Une recherche-action menée à l'Université Henri Poincaré à Nancy auprès de doctorants scientifiques désireux d'acquérir des techniques de communication orale scientifique en anglais a permis de constater que ces paramètres étaient particulièrement importants. En effet, même si la motivation préalable semble exister, que l'on a mis au point un outil permettant de la mesurer, et que toutes les conditions semblent être réunies pour la maintenir, une des difficultés peut être, comme dans le cas décrit ici, d'empêcher qu'elle ne soit contrecarrée par des contraintes externes au cours de langue. Ceci semble donc indiquer qu'une mesure de la motivation préalable est insuffisante

Gallipoli As Edutainment? Constructing National Identity in a “new” Museum

This original research in this thesis is a close reading (Monin, 2004) of Gallipoli: the Scale of our War. The idea for the research was born from two over‑arching interests: museums as social institutions and in the changing face of Aoteaora‑New Zealand. These interests combine in the question that formed the spine of the research: "In what ways do the exigencies of a ‘new museum’ affect representation in Gallipoli: the Scale of our War, and connect to the ‘imagined reality’ of New Zealand national identity?” Monin’s (2004) ‘Scriptive reading’ was chosen as the method of analysis, as it enables a structured and replicable method by which to find the layered complexities of a text. Scriptive reading employs three different reading processes: the ‘dominant’, the ‘critical’ and the ‘reflexive’ (Monin, 2004). Although the method is systematic, it is not prescriptive: individual readers will arrive at their idiosyncratic conclusions, depending on the resources they bring to the reading (Monin, 2004). The scriptive reading suggests that the possibilities inherent in a centenary exhibition about the Gallipoli campaign were both liberated and constrained by the philosophy of the ‘new’ museum in operation, and further, that the view of national identity that was promulgated in the exhibition was essentially that of Aotearoa-New Zealand’s settler past, which was uncritically offered as a source of national pride. The conclusion was that the discourses of the ‘new’ museum have profoundly influenced what the exhibition was able to say about national identity

Adding virtual reality to the university self-access language centre. Brave new world or passing fad?

International audienc

La découverte scientifique dans les arts

Ce volume s’attache à l’étude des différentes représentations de la découverte scientifique dans la littérature et les arts du xixe siècle. Le moment même de la découverte peut être considéré comme un récit non scientifique et comme un épisode largement mythifié. Cette mystique de l’« eurêka » occulte pourtant les lenteurs et les tâtonnements plus proches de la réalité des savants. En alliant des approches pluridisciplinaires, cet ouvrage vise à interroger les écarts poétiquement fertiles entre la mise en scène traditionnelle d’une découverte scientifique en forme de jaillissement spontané et le travail souterrain que ce dévoilement nécessite en réalité

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.

RATIONALE: Whether COVID patients may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with conventional invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the effect of ECMO on 90-Day mortality vs IMV only Methods: Among 4,244 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 included in a multicenter cohort study, we emulated a target trial comparing the treatment strategies of initiating ECMO vs. no ECMO within 7 days of IMV in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FiO2 <80 or PaCO2 ≥60 mmHg). We controlled for confounding using a multivariable Cox model based on predefined variables. MAIN RESULTS: 1,235 patients met the full eligibility criteria for the emulated trial, among whom 164 patients initiated ECMO. The ECMO strategy had a higher survival probability at Day-7 from the onset of eligibility criteria (87% vs 83%, risk difference: 4%, 95% CI 0;9%) which decreased during follow-up (survival at Day-90: 63% vs 65%, risk difference: -2%, 95% CI -10;5%). However, ECMO was associated with higher survival when performed in high-volume ECMO centers or in regions where a specific ECMO network organization was set up to handle high demand, and when initiated within the first 4 days of MV and in profoundly hypoxemic patients. CONCLUSIONS: In an emulated trial based on a nationwide COVID-19 cohort, we found differential survival over time of an ECMO compared with a no-ECMO strategy. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and in regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Compte-rendu du congrès EUROCALL 99

Chateau Anne. Compte-rendu du congrès EUROCALL 99. In: Cahiers de l'APLIUT, volume 19, numéro 3, 2000. Actes du XXIe Congrès de l'APLIUT, IUT d'Angers, juin 1999 : Activités de création, activités ludiques. pp. 104-108