Strategies in 'snake venomics' aiming at an integrative view of compositional, functional, and immunological characteristics of venoms

This work offers a general overview on the evolving strategies for the proteomic analysis of snake venoms, and discusses how these may be combined through diverse experimental approaches with the goal of achieving a more comprehensive knowledge on the compositional, toxic, and immunological characteristics of venoms. Some recent developments in this field are summarized, highlighting how strategies have evolved from the mere cataloguing of venom components (proteomics/venomics), to a broader exploration of their immunological (antivenomics) and functional (toxicovenomics) characteristics. Altogether, the combination of these complementary strategies is helping to build a wider, more integrative view of the life-threatening protein cocktails produced by venomous snakes, responsible for thousands of deaths every year.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad/[BFU2013-42833-P]//EspañaUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias de la Salud::Instituto Clodomiro Picado (ICP

Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU

Contains fulltext : 172380.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Integración de criterios de resiliencia y sostenibilidad en el diseño de la red de la cadena de suministro. Una revisión sistemática de la literatura

26 páginasNowadays, Supply Chain Networks (SCNs) must respond to economic, environmental, social, and uncertain considerations. Thus, sustainable and resilience criteria need to be incorporated as key criteria into the Supply Chain Network Design (SCND). This paper, as part of an emerging subject, reviews the literature between 2010 and 2021 that integrates sustainability and resilience on the SCND. The article classifies the literature according to the levels of the SCND, levels of the decision-making (i.e., strategic, tactical, and operational), resilience and sustainability criteria, solving approach, objective criteria, contributions to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and real-world applications. The main findings allow us to conclude that the decisions regarding the supply chain network design with sustainability and resilience criteria are mainly strategic, focusing on the forward flow. Most works address resilience through the evaluation of scenarios (risk assessment perspective), and in terms of the sustainability perspective, authors mainly focus on the economic dimension through the evaluation of income and costs along the chain. Based on the review and the proposed taxonomy, the paper proposes ideas for future research.Hoy en día, las Redes de Cadena de Suministro (SCN) deben responder a consideraciones económicas, ambientales, sociales e inciertas. Por lo tanto, los criterios de sostenibilidad y resiliencia deben incorporarse como criterios clave en el Diseño de la Red de la Cadena de Suministro (SCND). Este artículo, como parte de un tema emergente, revisa la literatura entre 2010 y 2021 que integra la sostenibilidad y la resiliencia en el SCND. El artículo clasifica la literatura según los niveles del SCND, niveles de toma de decisiones (es decir, estratégico, táctico y operativo), criterios de resiliencia y sostenibilidad, enfoque de resolución, criterios objetivos, contribuciones a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) y aplicaciones del mundo real. Los principales hallazgos permiten concluir que las decisiones sobre el diseño de la red de la cadena de suministro con criterios de sustentabilidad y resiliencia son principalmente estratégicas, enfocándose en el flujo hacia adelante. La mayoría de los trabajos abordan la resiliencia a través de la evaluación de escenarios (perspectiva de evaluación de riesgos), y en cuanto a la perspectiva de sostenibilidad, los autores se enfocan principalmente en la dimensión económica a través de la evaluación de ingresos y costos a lo largo de la cadena. Con base en la revisión y la taxonomía propuesta, el artículo propone ideas para futuras investigaciones

A novel mathematical approach for the truck-and-drone location-routing problem

14 páginasDuring the last decade, e-commerce has increased last-mile deliveries, impacting the (CO2) emissions footprint. Considering this environmental impact, sustainable technologies have emerged for transport operations, e.g., drones and electric vehicles. This paper deals with the Location-Routing Problem for delivering orders to a set of customers. The problem aims to minimize the total CO2 emissions due to freight transportation in last-mile deliveries with Trucks-and-Drones. A mathematical model is proposed for solving the problem. We test the model in different scenarios varying the number of clients (between 10 and 25), the number of trucks and drones (between 4 and 12 and between 5 and 13, respectively), and the available depots (i.e., between 5 and 15 parking lots). Our results provide insights on how shifting to cleaner transportation technologies can aid in the reduction of the carbon footprint of distribution activities and present a preamble of the significant impact that UAVs have in parcel delivery routing problems

Knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding antibiotics, antibiotic use, and antibiotic resistance in students and health care professionals of the district of Barranquilla (Colombia): A cross-sectional survey

ÈN] Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and behavior regarding antibiotics, use of antibiotics, and antibiotic resistance in students and health care professionals of the district of Barranquilla, Colombia. Study design: Descriptive, cross-sectional. Methods: A sample of 399 respondents was selected, that included health professionals and medical students from 12 health institutions in the district of Barranquilla (Colombia), using an established stratified sampling method. Each of the respondent professionals completed a survey that included 43 items in the Likert scale. A descriptive analysis of the study variables was performed using the software SPSS version 25. Results: Most of the respondents were women (64.4%), aged between 26 and 35 years (47.6%); 28.8% were nurses and 26.1% general practitioners, with 10 years of professional experience (63.4%). Overall, the survey revealed that the participants had considerable knowledge about antibiotic use (89.5%–98% correct answers) and the spread of antibiotic resistance (67.4%–89% correct answers). Approximately 74% of the respondents agreed or fully agreed with the questions related to the management of infections and the provision of advice. Conclusions: The present study revealed that most of the health care professionals surveyed had a good knowledge about antibiotic use, although strategies must be developed to strengthen knowledge regarding the spread of antibiotic resistance. Likewise, it is important to identify opportunities for improvement related with access to the guidelines and/ or materials necessary to treat infections and to provide advice on antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance.S