53 research outputs found
BĂ©guin-Verbrugge Annette. Images en textes / images du texte : dispositifs graphiques et communication Ă©crite
Si les effets de cadrage, de dĂ©coupage et de montage dans les Ćuvres cinĂ©matographiques ou tĂ©lĂ©visuelles sont assez bien connus des spĂ©cialistes, quoique mĂ©connus du grand public, les phĂ©nomĂšnes analogues dans le domaine des Ă©crits (quâils soient imprimĂ©s ou informatisĂ©s) nâont guĂšre Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©s de maniĂšre systĂ©matique. Des travaux portant sur certains aspects spĂ©cifiques ont pu ĂȘtre publiĂ©s, soit dans le contexte dâapproches socio-historiques de la communication imprimĂ©e, soit aussi, dans ce..
Annexe. Le rĂŽle des associations professionnelles
Le comitĂ© dâorganisation de ce colloque a dĂ©cidĂ© de faire une place spĂ©cifique, Ă travers une table ronde, aux associations professionnelles de lâinformation et de la documentation, car elles ont portĂ©, souvent contre vents et marĂ©es, le projet dâune formation de leurs publics particuliers. Elles ont ainsi contribuĂ© Ă lâĂ©mergence dâune problĂ©matique dâidentification des objets sur lesquels la formation, lĂ oĂč elles agissent, devait porter et, aussi, dâexploration des voies qui rendraient cell..
Automatized lung disease quantification in patients with COVID-19 as a predictive tool to assess hospitalization severity
peer reviewedThe pandemic of COVID-19 led to a dramatic situation in hospitals, where staff had to deal with a huge number of patients in respiratory distress. To alleviate the workload of radiologists, we implemented an artificial intelligence (AI) - based analysis named CACOVID-CT, to automatically assess disease severity on chest CT scans obtained from those patients. We retrospectively studied CT scans obtained from 476 patients admitted at the University Hospital of Liege with a COVID-19 disease. We quantified the percentage of COVID-19 affected lung area (% AA) and the CT severity score (total CT-SS). These quantitative measurements were used to investigate the overall prognosis and patient outcome: hospital length of stay (LOS), ICU admission, ICU LOS, mechanical ventilation, and in-hospital death. Both CT-SS and % AA were highly correlated with the hospital LOS, the risk of ICU admission, the risk of mechanical ventilation and the risk of in-hospital death. Thus, CAD4COVID-CT analysis proved to be a useful tool in detecting patients with higher hospitalization severity risk. It will help for management of the patients flow. The software measured the extent of lung damage with great efficiency, thus relieving the workload of radiologists
Dominant-negative mutations in human IL6ST underlie hyper-IgE syndrome
Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (AD-HIES) is typically caused by dominant-negative (DN) STAT3 mutations. Patients suffer from cold staphylococcal lesions and mucocutaneous candidiasis, severe allergy, and skeletal abnormalities. We report 12 patients from 8 unrelated kindreds with AD-HIES due to DN IL6ST mutations. We identified seven different truncating mutations, one of which was recurrent. The mutant alleles encode GP130 receptors bearing the transmembrane domain but lacking both the recycling motif and all four STAT3-recruiting tyrosine residues. Upon overexpression, the mutant proteins accumulate at the cell surface and are loss of function and DN for cellular responses to IL-6, IL-11, LIF, and OSM. Moreover, the patientsâ heterozygous leukocytes and fibroblasts respond poorly to IL-6 and IL-11. Consistently, patients with STAT3 and IL6ST mutations display infectious and allergic manifestations of IL-6R deficiency, and some of the skeletal abnormalities of IL-11R deficiency. DN STAT3 and IL6ST mutations thus appear to underlie clinical phenocopies through impairment of the IL-6 and IL-11 response pathways
L'Ă©ducation Ă la culture informationnelle
La publication des actes du colloque international L'Ă©ducation Ă la culture informationnelle (Lille, octobre 2008 - sous le patronage de l'Unesco) prĂ©sente les regards de chercheurs, de praticiens ou de reprĂ©sentants d'institutions sur cette notion et ouvre de larges perspectives interdisciplinaires. Le nouveau concept de « culture informationnelle » est proposĂ© par la communautĂ© internationale pour mieux apprĂ©hender la complexification actuelle des relations entre l'enseignement, l'Ă©ducation et l'information, liĂ©e au dĂ©veloppement exponentiel des technologies numĂ©riques. Quel rapport entretient l'Ă©ducation Ă l'information (information literacy) avec l'Ă©ducation aux mĂ©dias (media literacy) et l'Ă©ducation numĂ©rique (digital literacy) ? Le pĂ©rimĂštre de la « culture informationnelle » s'Ă©tend maintenant clairement au-delĂ du monde de la documentation et des bibliothĂšques. La notion mĂȘme doit ĂȘtre prĂ©cisĂ©e, revue, alors que les pratiques continuent d'Ă©voluer. Une place importante est consacrĂ©e dans l'ouvrage Ă l'analyse comparĂ©e des approches thĂ©oriques et de plusieurs expĂ©riences menĂ©es dans diffĂ©rents pays
A História da Alimentação: balizas historiogråficas
Os M. pretenderam traçar um quadro da HistĂłria da Alimentação, nĂŁo como um novo ramo epistemolĂłgico da disciplina, mas como um campo em desenvolvimento de prĂĄticas e atividades especializadas, incluindo pesquisa, formação, publicaçÔes, associaçÔes, encontros acadĂȘmicos, etc. Um breve relato das condiçÔes em que tal campo se assentou faz-se preceder de um panorama dos estudos de alimentação e temas correia tos, em geral, segundo cinco abardagens Ia biolĂłgica, a econĂŽmica, a social, a cultural e a filosĂłfica!, assim como da identificação das contribuiçÔes mais relevantes da Antropologia, Arqueologia, Sociologia e Geografia. A fim de comentar a multiforme e volumosa bibliografia histĂłrica, foi ela organizada segundo critĂ©rios morfolĂłgicos. A seguir, alguns tĂłpicos importantes mereceram tratamento Ă parte: a fome, o alimento e o domĂnio religioso, as descobertas europĂ©ias e a difusĂŁo mundial de alimentos, gosto e gastronomia. O artigo se encerra com um rĂĄpido balanço crĂtico da historiografia brasileira sobre o tema
Multiancestry analysis of the HLA locus in Alzheimerâs and Parkinsonâs diseases uncovers a shared adaptive immune response mediated by HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes
Across multiancestry groups, we analyzed Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) associations in over 176,000 individuals with Parkinsonâs disease (PD) and Alzheimerâs disease (AD) versus controls. We demonstrate that the two diseases share the same protective association at the HLA locus. HLA-specific fine-mapping showed that hierarchical protective effects of HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes best accounted for the association, strongest with HLA-DRB1*04:04 and HLA-DRB1*04:07, and intermediary with HLA-DRB1*04:01 and HLA-DRB1*04:03. The same signal was associated with decreased neurofibrillary tangles in postmortem brains and was associated with reduced tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid and to a lower extent with increased AÎČ42. Protective HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes strongly bound the aggregation-prone tau PHF6 sequence, however only when acetylated at a lysine (K311), a common posttranslational modification central to tau aggregation. An HLA-DRB1*04-mediated adaptive immune response decreases PD and AD risks, potentially by acting against tau, offering the possibility of therapeutic avenues
A. D. Robert (dir.) â Le syndicalisme enseignant et la recherche : clivages, usages, passages
Charbonnier Jean-Louis. A. D. Robert (dir.) â Le syndicalisme enseignant et la recherche : clivages, usages, passages. In: Revue française de pĂ©dagogie, volume 153, 2005. pp. 174-177
Les "apprentissages documentaires" et la didactisation des sciences de l information
LâĂ©mergence, dans le contexte français marquĂ© par une scolarisation massive au sein dâun mĂȘme systĂšme, du concept " dâapprentissages documentaires" ainsi que celui de " pĂ©dagogie documentaire" rĂ©vĂšle lâambition de conduire tous les Ă©lĂšves Ă certaines compĂ©tences jusquâici rĂ©servĂ©es Ă un petit nombre, hĂ©ritier de pratiques culturelles qui en faisaient de naissance des " lettrĂ©s". Ces compĂ©tences ont Ă©tĂ© parfois caractĂ©risĂ©es comme des " habiletĂ©s", plus souvent comme des savoir-faire. Ne faudrait-il pas concevoir ces savoirs en termes de notions ou de concepts et ne pas en rester Ă des pratiques non formalisĂ©es ? Sâil en est ainsi, il convient dâidentifier quelles notions appartenant aux sciences de lâinformation et de la documentation peuvent, doivent, ĂȘtre lâobjet de ces apprentissages et nous nous efforcerons dâen mettre quelques unes en Ă©vidence. Pour cela, il est nĂ©cessaire dâĂ©tudier quelle transformation didactique, il convient de leur faire subir et dans quelles conditions et contextes cette transformation peut ĂȘtre entreprise.Charbonnier Jean-Louis. Les "apprentissages documentaires" et la didactisation des sciences de l information. In: Spirale. Revue de recherches en Ă©ducation, n°19, 1997. Documentation et formation, sous la direction de Annette BĂ©guin. pp. 45-59
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