Histidine is the axial ligand to cytochrome alpha 3 in cytochrome c oxidase

The nitric oxide-bound complexes of reduced yeast cytochrome c oxidase incorporated with [1,3-15N2]histidine have been investigated by EPR spectroscopy. The results of this study have allowed the unambiguous identification of histidine as the endogenous axial ligand to cytochrome alpha 3

Accelerating Innovation Through Analogy Mining

The availability of large idea repositories (e.g., the U.S. patent database) could significantly accelerate innovation and discovery by providing people with inspiration from solutions to analogous problems. However, finding useful analogies in these large, messy, real-world repositories remains a persistent challenge for either human or automated methods. Previous approaches include costly hand-created databases that have high relational structure (e.g., predicate calculus representations) but are very sparse. Simpler machine-learning/information-retrieval similarity metrics can scale to large, natural-language datasets, but struggle to account for structural similarity, which is central to analogy. In this paper we explore the viability and value of learning simpler structural representations, specifically, "problem schemas", which specify the purpose of a product and the mechanisms by which it achieves that purpose. Our approach combines crowdsourcing and recurrent neural networks to extract purpose and mechanism vector representations from product descriptions. We demonstrate that these learned vectors allow us to find analogies with higher precision and recall than traditional information-retrieval methods. In an ideation experiment, analogies retrieved by our models significantly increased people's likelihood of generating creative ideas compared to analogies retrieved by traditional methods. Our results suggest a promising approach to enabling computational analogy at scale is to learn and leverage weaker structural representations.Comment: KDD 201

Structure of cytochrome a3-Cua3 couple in cytochrome c oxidase as revealed by nitric oxide binding studies

The addition of NO to oxidized cytochrome c oxidase (ferrocytochrome c:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.9.3.1) causes the appearance of a high-spin heme electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal due to cytochrome a3. This suggests that NO coordinates to Cu{a3}+2 and breaks the antiferromagnetic couple by forming a cytochrome a3+3-Cu{a3}+2-NO complex. The intensity of the high-spin cytochrome a3 signal depends on the method of preparation of the enzyme and maximally accounts for 58% of one heme. The effect of N3- on the cytochrome a3+3-Cu{a3}+2-NO complex is to reduce cytochrome a3 to the ferrous state, and this is followed by formation of a new complex that exhibits EPR signals characteristic of a triplet species. On the basis of optical and EPR results, a NO bridge between cytochrome a3+2 and Cu{a3}+2 is proposed-i.e., cytochrome a3+2-NO-Cu{a3}+2. The half-field transition observed at g = 4.34 in the EPR spectrum of this triplet species exhibits resolved copper hyperfine splittings with |A{}| = 0.020 cm-1, indicating that the Cu{a3}+2 in the cytochrome a3+2-NO-Cu{a3}+2 complex is similar to a type 2 copper site

A halo model for cosmological Lyman-limit systems

We present an analytical model for cosmological Lyman-limit systems (LLSs) that successfully reproduces the observed evolution of the mean free path (L) of ionizing photons. The evolution of the co-moving mean free path is predominantly a consequence of the changing meta galactic photo-ionization rate and the increase with cosmic time of the minimum mass below which halos lose their gas due to photo-heating. In the model, Lyman-limit absorption is caused by highly ionized gas in the outskirt of dark matter halos. We exploit the association with halos to compute statistical properties of LLSs and of their bias, b. The latter increases from 1.5 to 2.6 from redshifts 2 to 6. Combined with the rapid increase with redshift of the bias of the halos that host a quasar, the model predicts a rapid drop in the value of L when measured in quasar spectra from z=5 to 6, whereas the actual value of L falls more smoothly. We derive an expression for the effective optical depth due to Lyman limit absorption as a function of wavelength and show that it depends sensitively on the poorly constrained number density of LLSs as a function of column density. The optical depth drops below unity for all wavelengths below a redshift of 2.5, which is therefore the epoch when the Universe first became transparent to ionizing photons.Comment: 18 page

A halo model for cosmological Lyman-limit systems

We present an analytical model for cosmological Lyman-limit systems (LLS) that successfully reproduces the observed evolution of the mean free path (λeff) of ionizing photons. The evolution of the co-moving mean free path is predominantly a consequence of the changing meta galactic photoionization rate and the increase with cosmic time of the minimum mass below which haloes lose their gas due to photoheating. In the model, Lyman-limit absorption is caused by highly ionized gas in the outskirt of dark matter haloes. We exploit the association with haloes to compute statistical properties of λeff and of the bias, b, of LLS. The latter increases from b ∼ 1.5 → 2.6 from redshifts z = 2 → 6. Combined with the rapid increase with redshift of the bias of the haloes that host a quasar, the model predicts a rapid drop in the value of λeff when measured in quasar spectra from z = 5 → 6, whereas the actual value of λeff falls more smoothly. We derive an expression for the effective optical depth due to Lyman limit absorption as a function of wavelength and show that it depends sensitively on the poorly constrained number density of LLS as a function of column density. The optical depth drops below unity for all wavelengths below a redshift of ∼2.5 which is therefore the epoch when the Universe first became transparent to ionizing photons

Analysis of the Tuning Sensitivity of Silicon-on-Insulator Optical Ring Resonators

High-quality-factor optical ring resonators have recently been fabricated in thin silicon-on-insulator (SOI). Practical applications of such devices will require careful tuning of the precise location of the resonance peaks. In particular, one often wants to maximize the resonance shift due to the presence of an active component and minimize the resonance shift due to temperature changes. This paper presents a semianalytic formalism that allows the prediction of such resonance shifts from the waveguide geometry. This paper also presents the results of experiments that show the tuning behavior of several ring resonators and find that the proposed semianalytic formalism agrees with the observed behavior

Heterogeneous hierarchical workflow composition

Workflow systems promise scientists an automated end-to-end path from hypothesis to discovery. However, expecting any single workflow system to deliver such a wide range of capabilities is impractical. A more practical solution is to compose the end-to-end workflow from more than one system. With this goal in mind, the integration of task-based and in situ workflows is explored, where the result is a hierarchical heterogeneous workflow composed of subworkflows, with different levels of the hierarchy using different programming, execution, and data models. Materials science use cases demonstrate the advantages of such heterogeneous hierarchical workflow composition.This work is a collaboration between Argonne National Laboratory and the Barcelona Supercomputing Center within the Joint Laboratory for Extreme-Scale Computing. This research is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, under contract number DE-AC02- 06CH11357, program manager Laura Biven, and by the Spanish Government (SEV2015-0493), by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (contract TIN2015-65316-P), by Generalitat de Catalunya (contract 2014-SGR-1051).Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Disability, Mobility & Society [Physical Therapist Assistant Program]

Disability, Mobility, & Society is a newly developed assignment for a required level II physical therapy course (SCT 221). It is aimed to familiarize students with the psychosocial and socioeconomic challenges faced by people with physical disability/dysfunction and their immediate community. Students work in teams to develop multimedia pre-recorded video presentations based on actual clinical case studies. Each team will identify and discuss issues related to the specific pathology and impairment, and consider the medical/social/behavioral/financial implications for the individual and the society. The team must present a course of physical therapy intervention that illustrates clinical competence and professional standard of care. Students are encouraged to draw connections to their personal experiences as related to relevant local and/or national healthcare issues. The grading criteria for this assignment is based on the current Global Learning and Oral Communication rubrics. LaGuardia’s Core Competencies and Communication Abilities Main Course Learning Objectives: Instructional: Reinforce effective and appropriate verbal and non-verbal communication with patient/client, the physical therapist, health care delivery personnel, and others. Reinforce individual and cultural differences in all aspects of physical therapy. To develop the student’s global awareness and oral ability. Performance: Demonstrate effective and appropriate verbal and non verbal communication with patient/client, the physical therapist, health care delivery personnel and others. Recognize individual and cultural differences in all aspects of physical therapy. Demonstrate Global Learning using an oral ability through a multimedia presentation based on cases assigned

A proof of concept study to identify familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care

This study examines the feasibility (acceptability, usefulness, convenience and cost) of using a new method of detecting hypercholesterolaemia through GP clinics. If the condition is found following a fasting pathology test, close relatives will also be checked. This family tracing will identify new patients with the condition as they stand to benefit most from early treatment. The proposed new approach will allow the condition to be managThe research reported in this paper is a project of the Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute which is supported by a grant from the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing under the Primary Health Care Research Evaluation and Development Strategy