Continuous Hands-off Control by CLOT Norm Minimization

In this paper, we consider hands-off control via minimization of the C LOT (Combined L -One and Two) norm. The maximum hands-off control is the L 0 -optimal (or the sparsest) control among all feasible controls that are bounded b y a specified value and transfer the state from a given initial state to the origin within a fixed time dura tion. In general, the maximum hands-off control is a bang-off-bang control taking value s of ± 1 and 0. For many real applications, such discontinuity in the control is not desirable. To ob tain a continuous but still relatively sparse control, we propose to use the CLOT norm, a conv ex combination of L 1 and L 2 norms. We show by numerical simulation that the CLOT control is con tinuous and much sparser (i.e. has longer time duration on which the control takes 0) than the conventional EN (elastic net) control, which is a convex combination of L 1 and squared L 2 norms

Upfront docetaxel with androgen deprivation therapy in the elderly patient with metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer: Single institution experience

Upfront docetaxel with androgen deprivation therapy in the elderly patient with metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer: Single institution experienc

Effect of blood glucose level on standardized uptake value (SUV) in F-18- FDG PET-scan : a systematic review and meta-analysis of 20,807 individual SUV measurements

Objectives To evaluate the effect of pre-scan blood glucose levels (BGL) on standardized uptake value (SUV) in F-18-FDG-PET scan. Methods A literature review was performed in the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane library databases. Multivariate regression analysis was performed on individual datum to investigate the correlation of BGL with SUVmax and SUVmean adjusting for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus diagnosis, F-18-FDG injected dose, and time interval. The ANOVA test was done to evaluate differences in SUVmax or SUVmean among five different BGL groups (200 mg/dl). Results Individual data for a total of 20,807 SUVmax and SUVmean measurements from 29 studies with 8380 patients was included in the analysis. Increased BGL is significantly correlated with decreased SUVmax and SUVmean in brain (p <0.001, p <0.001,) and muscle (p <0.001, p <0.001) and increased SUVmax and SUVmean in liver (p = 0.001, p = 0004) and blood pool (p=0.008, p200 mg/dl had significantly lower SUVmax. Conclusion If BGL is lower than 200mg/dl no interventions are needed for lowering BGL, unless the liver is the organ of interest. Future studies are needed to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of FDG-PET scan in diagnosis of malignant lesions in hyperglycemia.Peer reviewe