Discernement ou confusion ? Les préférences christologiques et ecclésiologiques du peuple d’Alexandrie (Ve-VIe siècles) d’après le Breviarium causae nestorianorum et eutychianorum de Liberatus de Carthage

Riche, mais mené de façon partisane, le travail d\u27enquête conduit par Liberatus à Alexandrie repose donc sur une conviction principale : il convient de maintenir le peuple du côté des enseignés, ne lui laisser de marge d\u27expression que celle du consentement encadré et et de s\u27assurer de la qualité doctrinale des enseignants. A ces conditions, la situation des Alexandrins demeure réversible même lorsqu\u27ils paraissent le plus en danger de perdition: que se dresse un énergique patriarche orthodoxe et sans délai les premières améliorations se manifestent. Le diacre témoigne ainsi d\u27une conception fortement cléricalisée de la réflexion théologique qui atteste également d\u27une différence de sensibilité entre Occident et Orient. Il est en effet peu sensible à la contribution des laïcs à l\u27approfondissement de foi, alors même qu\u27en espace grec, elle conserve une importance plus grande. De la sorte, l\u27Africain anticipe et conforte la dénonciation de l\u27adage vox populi, vox Dei dont on sait qu\u27il apparaît pour la première fois sous la plume d\u27Alcuin en 798 dans un contexte assez difficile à établir et pour mieux être fustigé. Reste que si l\u27on se dégage du parti-pris par Liberatus, l\u27information détaillée qu\u27il nous transmet permet d\u27apprécier certaines lignes de cohérence caractérisant l\u27attitude de la population alexandrine : attachée à une ligne miaphysite incarnée à ses yeux par Cyrille (quoi qu\u27en dise le Carthaginois) et par Dioscore, soucieuse de voir son archevêque la défendre, elle rejette toute forme d\u27emprise impériale sur la désignation inaugurale de son chef, au risque de la division en grouspucules ou de l\u27extrémisme polarisateur. Cela ne signifie pas qu\u27elle soit par principe hostile au pouvoir du basileus ou qu\u27elle exprime ainsi une irréductible opposition ethnico-nationale, comme on l\u27a un temps cru, mais bien qu\u27elle considère qu\u27en la matière, l\u27empereur, comme d\u27ailleurs les évêques de l\u27oekoumène, doit rallier l\u27enseignement miaphysite du patriarche qu\u27elle aura elle-même accrédité et acclamé.

Optical properties of ZnO nanocrystals embedded in PMMA

We report in this work the preparation of thin films of ZnO nanocrystals synthesized and dispersed in polymethylmethacrylate using a easy route and deposited in class substrate by spin coating technique. Their structural and optical properties were investigated by X-ray, absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The XRD patterns exhibit sharp peaks at 2θ corresponding to the hexagonal (wurtzite) phase diffraction planes. The optically characterization, exhibit a wide absorption band in the range of the study and a large emission band with three peaks at 481.5, 531.09 and at 671.28 nm.The crystallites radius (R) was estimated by applying the effective mass approximation model and was about 1.8 nm. From measurements of second order susceptibilities using harmonic generation technique at λ=1,064 nm  in picoseconds regime we deduced λ2eff equal to 5.95×10−10  m/V. Obtained λ2eff was four order of magnitude larger compared with ZnO bulk material (2.5 pm/V)

Verifying Safety Properties With the TLA+ Proof System

TLAPS, the TLA+ proof system, is a platform for the development and mechanical verification of TLA+ proofs written in a declarative style requiring little background beyond elementary mathematics. The language supports hierarchical and non-linear proof construction and verification, and it is independent of any verification tool or strategy. A Proof Manager uses backend verifiers such as theorem provers, proof assistants, SMT solvers, and decision procedures to check TLA+ proofs. This paper documents the first public release of TLAPS, distributed with a BSD-like license. It handles almost all the non-temporal part of TLA+ as well as the temporal reasoning needed to prove standard safety properties, in particular invariance and step simulation, but not liveness properties

CuO Elaboration and Studies of the Influence of Heat Treatment on the Structural Properties

In the present work we synthesize nano powders of CuO by precipitation method, using CuCl2 as precursor. The obtained powder has undergone a heat treatment annealing 100°C, and 450°C. Structural analysis by X-Ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveal that CuO nano particles are in nano graphs forms and with improved crystallization at 450°C, annealing temperature as monoclinic crystal lattice structure. The radius of NCs calculated by the Scherrer formula is 12.31 nm

Phase transition of compartmentalized surface models

Two types of surface models have been investigated by Monte Carlo simulations on triangulated spheres with compartmentalized domains. Both models are found to undergo a first-order collapsing transition and a first-order surface fluctuation transition. The first model is a fluid surface one. The vertices can freely diffuse only inside the compartments, and they are prohibited from the free diffusion over the surface due to the domain boundaries. The second is a skeleton model. The surface shape of the skeleton model is maintained only by the domain boundaries, which are linear chains with rigid junctions. Therefore, we can conclude that the first-order transitions occur independent of whether the shape of surface is mechanically maintained by the skeleton (= the domain boundary) or by the surface itself.Comment: 10 pages with 16 figure

Optical properties of the ZnSe nanocrystals embedded in PMMA matrix

In this paper we report linear and nonlinear optical properties of the thin films based on nanocrystals ZnSe embedded in centrosymmetric matrix PMMA, deposited by spin coating technique. Absorption and emission spectroscopy are shown respectively a blue shift and a strong band emission near the band gap of bulk material ZnSe, which is tunable with particles size. Blue shift of the absorption edge used to evaluate the average size of nanoparticles by using the E.M.A model. The size of NCs of ZnSe was estimated to 1.98 nm, compared to the exciton Bohr radius of bulk material. We established a strong quantum confinement state for the NCS ZnSe. Using Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm in picoseconds regime, Second order susceptibilities were measured by SHG technique. The obtained value was four order of magnitude larger compared with the bulk (ZnSe) value

Adsorption of aflatoxin B1, zearalenone and ochratoxin A by microorganisms isolated from Kefir grains

A strategy to reduce the deleterious effects of mycotoxins is to use dietary supplements that contain microorganisms that bind mycotoxins and diminish their gastrointestinal absorption. Novel strains were isolated from a Kefir culture and assessed for their mycotoxin adsorption and biotransformation ability. The most active strains were identified using DNA sequencing, and the stability of microorganism/mycotoxin complexes was evaluated using buffer solutions to simulate the pH conditions in the gastrointestinal tract. Our results showed that the microorganism consortium of Kefir grains adsorbed 82 to 100% of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEA) and ochratoxin A (OTA) when cultivated in milk. The main strains that were capable of mycotoxin adsorption were identified as Lactobacillus kefiri, Kazachstania servazzii and Acetobacter syzygii. The strain L. kefiri KFLM3 was the most active, adsorbing 80 to 100% of the studied mycotoxins when cultivated in milk. Nonetheless, the strain K. servazzii KFGY7 retained more mycotoxin after the desorption experiments (65, 69 and 67% for AFB1, OTA and ZEA, respectively). These findings suggest that Kefir consumption may help to reduce gastrointestinal absorption of these mycotoxins and consequently reduce their toxic effects. The isolated strains may be of interest for the development of fermented dairy products for human consumption that have a new probiotic characteristic, the adsorption of mycotoxins.This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of the UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684), by the BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 - Programa Operacional Regional do Norte and by the Project RECI/BBB-EBI/0179/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027462). Luís Abrunhosa was supported by a grant, UMINHO/BPD/51/2015, from the project UID/BIO/04469/2013 financed by FCT/MEC (OE).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio