Developing the Korean Educational Needs Assessment Tool (Korean ENAT) in rheumatoid arthritis: Cross-cultural validation using Rasch analysis

Background/aims: This study was performed to undertake cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Educational Needs Assessment Tool (ENAT) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for use in Korea.Methods: The study involved two main phases: cross-cultural adaptation of the ENAT from English into Korean, and validation of the Korean ENAT. The first phase followed the established process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures, and in the second phase, the Korean ENAT data were analyzed using the Rasch measurement model. Fit to the model was determined using the observed data infit and outfit statistics. Additional tests of validity included unidimensionality and internal consistency.Results: Adequate conceptual equivalence was achieved following the adaptation process. A total of 123 patients completed the Korean ENAT. The mean age was 46.7 ± 12.3 years and the majority of patients (81.3%) were female. Thirty-five of the 39 items gave good fit to the model. The four items deviating from the model had infit and outfit > 1.50. The item separation index (5.26) and item reliability index (0.97) provided evidence for good reliability of items. All seven domains of the Korean ENAT fit the Rasch model. The internal consistency of the Korean ENAT was high, and unidimensionality was confirmed (person separation index, 3.41; reliability index, 0.92; item separation index, 16.82; reliability index, 1.00).Conclusions: Using the standard procedure for cross-cultural adaptation, the ENAT has been adapted into Korean, and Rasch analysis has confirmed the construct validity, reliability, and unidimensionality of the Korean ENAT

A Case Report with Lymphangiomatosis of the Colon

The incidence of lymphangiomas in the gastrointestinal tract is low, particularly in the colon and rectum, and most cases are solitary. Lymphangiomatosis of the colon are encountered infrequently with only one report in the English literature, and polypectomy was performed for the diagnosis in that case report. However, trends in the diagnosis of lymphangiomatosis of colon have been changing since the development of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), and this case is the first in that lymphangiomatosis of the colon was diagnosed without invasive procedures. Here we describe the case of 31-yr-old woman with lymphangiomatosis of the colon with numerous polyposis-like appearing lesions diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography and a colonoscopy

A Case of Jejunal Adenocarcinoma Diagnosed by Preoperative Double Balloon Enteroscopy

Despite a thorough history, physical examination, and complete diagnostic workup, the correct diagnosis of small-intestinal malignancy is established preoperatively in only 50% of cases; an exploratory laparotomy is often required. However, recent advances in endoscopic technologies, such as double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE), have been shown to facilitate the preoperative diagnosis of these tumors. Confirmation of malignancy using DBE in equivocal cases may greatly increase both patients' acceptance of surgery and the confidence of the physician planning a surgical resection. We describe herein the case of a 53-year-old woman with a stage I jejunal adenocarcinoma that was diagnosed by DBE and treated by laparoscopic jejunectomy. Histopathological examination revealed a stage I jejunal adenocarcinoma (T2N0M0) without muscularis propria invasion, lymphovascular invasion, or lymph-node metastasis