The Effects of Vitamin C Administration, Acute Food Deprivation, and Acute Food Intake on Vitamin C Levels in Different Brain Areas of Guinea Pigs

Vitamin C is crucial for the brain. We aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin C administration following 24 hours of acute food deprivation and 24 hours of acute food intake on changes ill vitamin C levels in different brain areas of guinea pigs. Vitamin C was administered as a single intraperitoneal dose (500 mg kg(-1) body weight) both before acute food deprivation and before acute food intake. At the end of our study, we measured the vitamin C levels in cerebral cortex lobes, brain stem structures, hypophysis, hypothalamus, cerebellum, hippocampus, and amygdala. Vitamin C levels in the frontal and parietal lobes were found to be significantly higher in animals pretreated with vitamin C prior to 24 hours of food deprivation (p < 0.05). Temporal lobe vitamin C level was significantly lower in animals that were subjected to 24 hours of acute food intake following 24 hours of food deprivation (p < 0.05). Increased vitamin C levels were observed in the occipital lobe of all animals that received vitamin C administration (p < 0.05). Vitamin C levels in the brain stem structures such as mesencephalon and pons were significantly decreased in animals pretreated with vitamin C before normal feeding (p < 0.05). Vitamin C level in the hypothalamus was significantly increased after 24 hours of food deprivation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, different areas of the brain may differ in terms of vitamin C content during nutritional changes with or without vitamin C pretreatment, such as 24 hours of food deprivation or 24 hours of food intake following 24 hours of food deprivation. These differences may be attributed to several functions of vitamin C which may occur under these circumstances

A Practical Method for No-Reflow Treatment

No-reflow is an undesirable result of percutaneous coronary interventions. Vasoactive drug administration at the distal part of the coronary artery is suggested as a therapeutic option for no-reflow treatment. Here, we represent two cases of successful no-reflow management with previously used monorail balloon at the same procedure as a hand-made distal infusion catheter

Legislative Documents

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PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF DE NOVO SUPERNUMERARY MARKER CHROMOSOME ORIGINATED FROM CHROMOSOME 16 BY ARRAY-CGH.

Prenatal diagnosis of de novo supernumerary marker chromosome originated from chromosome 16 by array-CGH: A 33 years-old pregnant woman was referred for amniocentesis at 19 weeks of gestation due to abnormal serum biochemistry. A non-satellited, monocentric marker chromosome was observed with a frequency of 50% in cultured anmiocytes. Parental karyotypes were normal. The marker chromosome was found to be derived from chromosome 16 by FISH and array-CGH analysis. Genetic counseling was given to parents and the family decided to terminate the pregnancy. Dysmorphic findings including; low set ears, exophtalmos depressed nasal bridge, large mouth and lips, posture anomalies at the extremities were detected at autopsy

PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF DE NOVO PERICENTRIC INVERSION INV(2)(p11.2z13).

Prenatal diagnosis of de novo pericentric inversion inv(2)(p11.2q13): We here report a prenatal case with de novo pericentric inversion inv(2)(p11.2q13). A 20-years-old G1P0 woman was referred for amniocentesis at 17 weeks of gestation, because of a positive second trimester screening test for aneuploidy. A de novo pericentric inversion inv(2)(p11.2q13) was detected during conventional cytogenetic analysis. Array-CGH analysis of the fetus showed no subtle chromosomal imbalances at the breakpoints. Genetic counseling was given to the family and the family decided to continue the pregnancy. To our knowledge, our case is the third prenatally detected de novo case with inv(2)(p11.2q13), and also the first case in which molecular karyotyping analysis were also applied

TURNER SYNDROME WITH ISOCHROMOSOME Xq AND FAMILIAL RECIPROCAL TRANSLOCATION t(4;16)(p15.2;p13.1)

We present here a 16-year-old Turner syndrome patient with a complex karyotype that includes a maternally-inherited balanced translocation between chromosomes 4 and 16 and mosaicism of the isochromosome Xq10. Her karyotype was 45, X, t(4;16) (p15.2;p13.1)[9]/46, X,i(X) (q10), t(4;16)(p15.2;p13.1) [91]. The karyotype of her father was normal, whereas that of her mother had the same balanced translocation and numerical abnormalities of chromosome X and was designated as 45, X, t(4; 16)(p15.2; p13.1) [2]/46, XX, t(4;16)(p15.2;p13.1)[93]/47, XXX, t(4;16) (p15.2; p13.1)[5]. The two siblings of the patient also had the same reciprocal translocation. We consider this to be the first such patient with an inherited reciprocal translocation and structural abnormality of the X chromosome (isochromosome Xq)

A Practical MRI Technique for Detecting Abdominal Aorta Aneurysm and Peripheral Arterial Disease

WOS: 000376566800003Aim: Peripheral Arterial Disease(PAD) and abdominal aorta aneurysm(AAA) are frequent problems in geriatric population. In DSA, CTA or MRA techniques contrast agents has to be used for diagnosis that can be nephrotoxic for elderly patients. Magnetic resonans imaging (MRI) is the most powerful, non-ionising radiological diagnostic tool that has the highest soft tissue contrast resolution. The aim of our study was to investigate the effectivity of MRI by the means of detecting the AAA and PAD in comparison with DSA. Material and Method: After getting ethical commitee approvel and informed consent, we have performed Balanced turbo field echo(B-TFE) MRI technique without contrast agent in 1.5 Tesla MRI device before DSA examination. The luminal diameters of renal arteries, infrarenal abdominal aorta, iliac and femoral arteries was measured by using Philips DICOM Viewer R2.2 application. The intraclass corelation coefficient and reliability used to check if the techniques could be used for each other and the t-test was used to measure the differences between them. Results: There has been a high relationship between B-TFE and DSA in detecting the pathologies of larger arteries like aorta. In the case of small arterial pathologies, there is relatively lower relationship between BTFE and DSA. Discussion: For the diagnosis of AAA and PAD, DSA is the gold standart technique but it is invasive and patients have radiation exposure. In the follow up of geriatric patients with larger arterial pathologies B-TFE can be used instead of contrast enhanced MRA and invasive DSA

Clonal Chromosomal Abnormalities in Philadelphia-Negative Cells and Their Clinical Significance in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Results of a Single Center

Objective: Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a haematological disease characterised by the presence of reciprocal t(9;22) translocation, called Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. Highly improved haematological and cytogenetic results were reported in patients with chronic phase CML after introduction of imatinib into the market. Recently a number of studies draw attention to the emergence of clonal chromosomal abnormalities (CCAs) in Ph (-) cells during cytogenetic follow-up of CML patients. The clinical significance ofthe CCAs has not yet been clearly defined. The present study aims to demonstrate the occurrence pattern of CCA in Ph (-) cells in our cohort of CML patients and to investigate the impact of CCAs on the course and prognosis of CML. Material and Methods: A total of 45 patients were evaluated. Thirty-five patients with clonal chromosomal abnormalities in Ph(-) cells constituted the first group (GI), which was compared to a second group (GII) of 10 patients with complete cytogenetic response but no CCAs in terms of survival and disease progression. Results: The most frequent CCAs were -21, -18 and -20, followed by -22, -10, -17 and -19. Trisomies of Y and 8 were seen in 2 patients. In 9 cases structural abnormalities, such as del(7)(q11), del(17)(q11q21) and different marker chromosomes were observed. There were no difference between the two groups in terms of survival and progression. Dysplasia to some extent seems to occur in both groups irrespective of presence or absence of CCAs. Conclusion: According to our results, there is no convincing evidence that CCAs can alter the natural course of CIVIL on imatinib. We suggest that, regular cytogenetic monitoring with classical cytogenetic analysis is essential for CML patients on tyrosine kinase inhibitors, however it would be advisable to confirm and follow the most frequently observed numerical abnormalities by FISH technique as well