C-Nap1 mutation affects centriole cohesion and is associated with a Seckel-like syndrome in cattle

Caprine-like Generalized Hypoplasia Syndrome (SHGC) is an autosomal-recessive disorder in Montbéliarde cattle. Affected animals present a wide range of clinical features that include the following: delayed development with low birth weight, hind limb muscular hypoplasia, caprine-like thin head and partial coat depigmentation. Here we show that SHGC is caused by a truncating mutation in the CEP250 gene that encodes the centrosomal protein C-Nap1. This mutation results in centrosome splitting, which neither affects centriole ultrastructure and duplication in dividing cells nor centriole function in cilium assembly and mitotic spindle organization. Loss of C-Nap1-mediated centriole cohesion leads to an altered cell migration phenotype. This discovery extends the range of loci that constitute the spectrum of autosomal primary recessive microcephaly (MCPH) and Seckel-like syndromes

Subarachnoid anesthesia in sedated calves undergoing umbilical surgery: Comparison of procaine 2% and lidocaine 2% associated with xylazine 2%

International audienc

Effect of sustained-release trace element ruminal bolus on plasma trace mineral profiles in captive blesbok antelopes (Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi)

International audienceNutritional deficiencies in mineral metabolism have been described or suspected in managed and wild ungulate populations. In blesboks (Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi), clinical signs of copper deficiencies have been described in the wild as well as in captivity. Plasma concentrations of cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iodine (I), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) were measured over a 6-mon period by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in two groups of five apparently healthy blesboks from a single zoological collection. The control group did not receive any treatment, whereas animals from the treatment group were given an oral drench in October with two sustained-release trace element ruminal boluses (Oligovet ovin-caprin 6 g bolus, Vetalis, 16100 Chateau Bernard, France). Plasma samples were obtained prior to the start of treatment (October) and in November, February, and April following treatment. No significant differences were found between treatment and control groups for any of the measured minerals over the course of the study. The plasma concentrations of Co, Cu, Se, and Zn were significantly different (P < 0.05) over time for all individuals, but this effect could not be linked to a change in the diet or husbandry. Copper plasma values fluctuated between deficient and normal ranges for cattle. Zinc plasma values were within a range consistent with deficiency in cattle. The great variability of these results should prompt caution in the interpretation of the efficacy of oral trace mineral intake or the expected effect of a dietary modification on trace mineral status based on plasma values

Un foyer de mammites aspergillaires dans un troupeau laitier caprin

National audienceCet article présente un foyer de mammite à Aspergillus fumigatus dans un troupeau de chèvres laitières. 17 animaux, sur un effectif de 150 chèvres en lactation, ont déclaré dans les 8 à 10 jours après la mise bas une atteinte mammaire avec hypertrophie, inflammation et induration de la glande, et une sécrétion lactée très réduite et aqueuse. Une importante atteinte de l’état général a été notée (hyperthermie, abattement, anorexie, amaigrissement rapide) et 5 animaux sont morts en 3 semaines. À l’examen nécropsique, on a observé une atteinte diffuse du parenchyme mammaire avec des nodules granulomateux à contenu nécrotique d’aspect très variable. Le diagnostic de certitude s’est appuyé sur la mise en évidence d’A. fumigatus en culture pure, à partir de plusieurs prélèvements de lait et de tissus, et sur l’examen anatomo-pathologique du parenchyme mammaire. Ce foyer d’aspergillose mammaire a probablement pour origine des conditions d’asepsie non maîtrisées, associées à un environnement hygiénique défavorable (paille moisie) lors d’une antibiothérapie intramammaire pratiquée au tarissement précéden

Un foyer de mammites aspergillaires dans un troupeau laitier caprin

National audienceCet article présente un foyer de mammite à Aspergillus fumigatus dans un troupeau de chèvres laitières. 17 animaux, sur un effectif de 150 chèvres en lactation, ont déclaré dans les 8 à 10 jours après la mise bas une atteinte mammaire avec hypertrophie, inflammation et induration de la glande, et une sécrétion lactée très réduite et aqueuse. Une importante atteinte de l’état général a été notée (hyperthermie, abattement, anorexie, amaigrissement rapide) et 5 animaux sont morts en 3 semaines. À l’examen nécropsique, on a observé une atteinte diffuse du parenchyme mammaire avec des nodules granulomateux à contenu nécrotique d’aspect très variable. Le diagnostic de certitude s’est appuyé sur la mise en évidence d’A. fumigatus en culture pure, à partir de plusieurs prélèvements de lait et de tissus, et sur l’examen anatomo-pathologique du parenchyme mammaire. Ce foyer d’aspergillose mammaire a probablement pour origine des conditions d’asepsie non maîtrisées, associées à un environnement hygiénique défavorable (paille moisie) lors d’une antibiothérapie intramammaire pratiquée au tarissement précéden

Atypical actinobacillosis affecting hind limbs and lungs in a single beef cattle herd

Actinobacillosis usually is a sporadic infection that affects the tongue in cattle (“wooden tongue”) with possible spread to the digestive tract. Two 4‐year‐old Rouge‐des‐Prés cows from a single French beef herd were referred for chronic (2‐6 months) swelling and cutaneous nodules in the distal hind limbs. In addition to cutaneous signs, physical examination disclosed cachexia, lameness, lymphadenitis of the hind limbs, and pneumonia in both cows. Cytologic examination of direct skin smears was inconclusive, and no parasites were observed in examination of multiple skin scrapings. Histopathological examination of skin and lung biopsy specimens identified chronic, diffuse, severe pyogranulomatous dermatitis, associated with Splendore‐Hoeppli phenomenon and intralesional Gram‐negative bacteria. Cultures from skin, lymph nodes, and lungs (both cows were euthanized for welfare reasons) identified a Pasteurellaceae organism, confirmed as Actinobacillus lignieresii by partial sequencing of the rpoB gene. This report emphasizes that actinobacillosis can appear as a small outbreak in cattle with cutaneous and respiratory signs

Selective androgen receptor modulators: comparative excretion study of bicalutamide in bovine urine and faeces

Besides their development for therapeutic purposes, non-steroidal selective androgen receptormodulators (non-steroidal SARMs) are also known to impact growth-associated pathways as ligands of androgenic receptors (AR). They present a potential for abuse in sports and food-producing animals as an interesting alternative to anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS). These compounds are easily available and could therefore be (mis)used in livestock production as growth promoters. To prevent such practices, dedicated analytical strategies should be developed for specific and sensitive detection of these compounds in biological matrices. The present study focused on Bicalutamide, a non-steroidal SARM used in human treatment of non-metastatic prostate cancer because of its anti-androgenic activity exhibiting no anti-anabolic effects. To select the most appropriate matrix to be used for control purposes, different animalmatrices (urine and faeces) have been investigated and SARM metabolism studied to highlight relevant metabolites of such treatments and establish associated detection time windows. The aim of this work was thus to compare the urinary and faecal eliminations of bicalutamide in a calf, and investigate phase I and II metabolites. The results in both matrices showed that bicalutamide was very rapidly and mainly excreted under its free form. The concentration levels were observed as higher in faeces (ppm) than urine (ppb); although both matrices were assessed as suitable for residue control. The metabolites found were consistent with hydroxylation (phase I reaction) combined or not with glucuronidation and sulfation (phase II reactions)Instituto de Tecnología de AlimentosFil: Sancho, Rojas, Dante Emanuel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, Argentina. LUNAM Université. Oniris, Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments; Francia.Fil: Dervilly-Pinel, Gaud. LUNAM Université. Oniris, Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments; Francia.Fil: Cesbron, Nora. LUNAM Université. Oniris, Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments; Francia.Fil: Penot, Mylène. LUNAM Université. Oniris, Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments; Francia.Fil: Sydor, Alexandre. LUNAM Université. Oniris, Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments; Francia.Fil: Prévost, Stéphanie. LUNAM Université. Oniris, Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments; Francia.Fil: Le Bizec, Bruno. LUNAM Université. Oniris, Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments; Francia