Aplicación de los códigos termo-hidráulicos en el sector nuclear español

Articulo técnic

Desarrollo de un algoritmo de calculo para la determinacion del tamano de particula de orden micrometrico

68 p.La memoria de titulación consiste en la elaboración de un algoritmo de cálculo cuya finalidad es la obtención de la distribución de tamaños de partículas. En la actualidad existen variadas formas de determinar los tamaños de micropartículas, una de ella es la tecnología de absorción de radiaciones electromagnéticas la que cuenta entre ella, con la medición mediante la extinción fotométrica. Esta técnica proyecta la sombra de una partícula al pasar frente a un haz de luz. Para lograr medir un colectivo de partículas se realiza éste análisis mediante la suspensión de las micropartículas en un fluido y se ejerce un campo de fuerza sobre las partículas, el que puede ser de tipo gravitacional o centrífugo.Los pasos que se siguieron para la obtención de las distribuciones de los tamaños de partículas mediante el algoritmo de cálculo, comienzan con la determinación del estado de arte del tema, siguiendo con la formulación del algoritmo y finalmente con las pruebas de consistencia que se realizaron para los datos de extinción obtenidos en el Centro para Técnicas de Partículas y Granumetría del Instituto de Ingeniería de Procesos y Técnicas Medioambientales de la Universidad Técnica de Dresde (Zentrum für Partikeltechnik und Granulometrie, Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und Umwelttechnik, Technische Universität Dresden), mediante una analizadora centrifuga Shimadzu SA-CP3. El algoritmo es obtenido, previamente realizado la modelación matemática del comportamiento de los cambios de concentración en la suspensión por la acción de un campo de fuerza centrífuga. Este algoritmo se programó en el software Mathcad, por lo cual, se consiguieron las curvas de distribución de tamaño de las partículas de dióxido de silicio amorfo y fueron comparadas con las curvas de distribución estándar de esta partícula, obteniendo valores muy cercano, lo que da como resultado que el algoritmo matemático sea efectivo. PALABRAS CLAVES: Algoritmo, Integración numérica, Sedimentación./ ABSTRACT: This thesis is the elaboration of an algorithm aimed at obtaining the distribution of particle sizes. Currently there are several ways to determine the size of microparticles, one of them is the technology absorption of electromagnetic radiation it has among her, the photometric measurement by extinction. This technique casts the shadow of a particle when passing a light of beam. To achieve a collective measure of particles is performed this analysis by suspending the microparticles in a fluid and exerts a force field on the particles, which can be gravitational or centrifugal type. The steps followed to obtain the distributions of particle sizes using the algorithm begins with determining the state of the art of the topic, followed by the formulation of the algorithm and finally with the consistency tests were conducted for extinction data obtained at the Center for Particle and Granumetría Technical Institute of Process Engineering and Environmental Technology at the Technical University of Dresden (Partikeltechnik und Zentrum für Grit, Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und Umwelttechnik, Technische Universität Dresden), using a centrifugal analyzer Shimadzu SA-CP3. The algorithm is obtained, previously performed mathematical modeling of the behavior of changes in concentration in the suspension by the action of a centrifugal force field. This algorithm was programmed in Mathcad software, thus, were obtained distribution curves of particle size of amorphous silicon dioxide were compared with the standard distribution curves of the particle, obtaining values very near, the which results in the mathematical algorithm is effective. KEYWORDS: Algorithm, Numerical Integration, Sedimentation

Calidad de servicio y satisfacción del turista que realiza turismo comunitario en el poblado de Huilloc, Cusco, 2022

El presente estudio de investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el nivel de relación entre la calidad de servicio y la satisfacción del turista que realiza turismo comunitario en el poblado de Huilloc, Cusco, 2022. Respecto a la metodología empleada para el presente estudio, tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo básica y de nivel correlacional por la naturaleza del problema encontrado y formulado, así mismo su diseño fue no experimental y de corte transversal. Para determinar la muestra del presente estudio se empleó el muestreo probabilístico que estuvo conformado por 80 turistas extranjeros. De acuerdo a los resultados estadísticos descriptivos se pudo apreciar que el 66.30% del total de encuestados manifestaron haber recibido la calidad de servicio de un nivel alto, mientras que, un 33.80% la calificaron de un nivel medio. En cuanto a la satisfacción del turista, el 45.00% del total mencionaron haber percibido una satisfacción de un nivel alto, mientras que el 55.00% percibieron la satisfacción de un nivel medio. Por lo que, se determinó que existe un nivel de relación significativa de forma directa y moderada entre la calidad de servicio y satisfacción del turista que realiza turismo comunitario en el poblado de Huilloc, Cusco, 2022 con un coeficiente de correlación de Rho de Spearman = 0,348 y un p valor (Sig.) =0,002 < 0,05

“Análisis del potencial energético del estiércol de aves generada en la Granja Avícola Pujilí para la generación de energía de la empresa Incubandina ubicado en el sector de Chan cantón Pujilí provincia de Cotopaxi, 2022. Diseño de un biodigestor para la generación de biogás”

Ecuador is one of the Latin American countries where several energies can be developed due to its geographical location, climatic behavior of the four regions, however one of the energies that has not yet been exploited is biomass, due to agricultural development, which It exists in the four regions such as the coast, the mountains, the east and the insular region where a large part of the national territory is focused on agricultural production in which poultry production rebounds in the central zone of the country, that is, the raising of posture birds and birds for then be slaughtered. That is why this project focuses on carrying out a study of the energy potential that exists in chicken manure or chicken manure, as the raw material to transform it into energy, which is a gas, in our case methane, and then into a calorific value for combustion and Finally, in electrical energy, that is why in this degree work the characterization of the chicken manure will be carried out, how much methane we can obtain from said farm and how much available energy we can have through a proposed biodigester.El Ecuador es uno de los países de Latino América donde se puede desarrollar varias energías por su situación geográfica, comportamiento climático de las cuatro regiones , sin embargo una de las energías que aún no ha sido explotada es la biomasa, por el desarrollo agrícola, que existe en las cuatro regiones como es costa, sierra, oriente y región insular donde gran parte del territorio nacional están enfocado a la producción agrícola en la cual repunta en la zona centro del país la producción avícola decir la crianza de aves de postura y aves para luego ser faenadas. Es por eso que este proyecto se enfoca a realizar un estudio del potencial energético que existe de la gallinaza o gallinaza, como la materia prima para transformarla en energía que es un gas, en nuestro caso el metano y luego en un poder calorífico de combustión y finalmente en energía eléctrica es por eso que en este trabajo de titulación se efectuara la caracterización de la gallinaza , cuanto de metano podemos obtener de dicha granja y cuanto de energía disponible podemos tener mediante un biodigestor planteado

Public Credit Programmes and Firm Performance in Brazil

Credit rationing is a common phenomenon faced by firms, one that has negative implications for longâ term investments. In Brazil, public credit plays a key role in supporting firms: stateâ owned banks account for almost half of the outstanding credit. Public credit programmes aim at reducing credit restrictions, increasing competitiveness and job creation for small and medium enterprises. This article analyzes the effectiveness of the credit lines managed by two main public institutions in Brazil. Results show that access to public credit lines has a significant positive impact on firmsâ employment growth and exports, while no effect was found on wage differential. The impact on exports is driven by the increase in volumes among exporting firms rather than the probability of becoming an exporter.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138401/1/dpr12250_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138401/2/dpr12250.pd

Relationship between two pathogens in an amphibian community that experienced mass mortalities

Because host species tend to harbor multiple parasitic species, coinfection in a host is com-mon. The chytrid fungusBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis(Bd) and the viruses in the genusRanavirus(Rv) are responsible for the decline of amphibians worldwide. Despite widegeographical co-occurrence and the serious conservation problem that coinfection withthese pathogens could represent, little is known about their possible synergistic interac-tions and effects in a host community. We investigated the occurrence and associationsbetween these two pathogens in an amphibian community after Rv-driven disease out-breaks were detected in four populations of the Iberian ribbed newt (Pleurodeles waltl)innorthwestern Spain. We collected tissue samples from amphibians and fish and estimatedBd and Rv infection loads by qPCR. A few months after the most recent mass mortalityevent, Rv infection parameters at the affected sites decreased significantly or were lowerthan such registered at the sites where no outbreaks were recorded. Both pathogens weresimultaneously present in almost all sites, but coinfection in a single host was rare. Ourfindings suggest that the co-occurrence of Bd and Rv does not predict adverse outcomes(e.g., enhanced susceptibility of hosts to one pathogen due to the presence or infectionintensity of the other) following an outbreak. Other variables (such as species identity orsite) were more important than infection with a pathogen in predicting the infection statusand severity of infection with the other pathogen. Our results highlight the importance ofhost-specific and environmental characteristics in the dynamics of infections, coinfectionpatterns, and their impacts.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Overnight orthokeratology: Technology, efficiency, safety, and myopia control

[Excerpt] Modern orthokeratology differs significantly from the original technique back in the 1960s. Over the last 3 decades, new materials, lens designs, manufacturing processes, fitting techniques, and instruments for the analysis of corneal changes have been developed and have contributed to its evolution. Nowadays, orthokeratology is carried out using the contact lenses during sleep hours (overnight orthoker atology (OOK)), and it is approved by FDA for the treatment of myopia, up to 6 dioptres. #ere are reports of some designs that allow treatment of myopia up to 10–12 dioptres and hyperopia up to 3 dioptres, and recent toric designs, either in the optical zone or in the periphery of the lens, allow correction of astigmatism above 1.75 dioptres up to 3.50 dioptres though those treatments are performed off label. Currently, even some cases of presbyopia may be solved with the help of OOK [1, 2]. However, the greatest impact of this technique in recent years is its application as a method for the control of myopia progression, either on its own or in combination with low-dose atropine [3, 4]. Recently, a published report written by the American Academy of Ophthalmology concludes that orthokeratology is effective for myopia control and potentially has a greater effect when it is applied in patients aged 6 to 8 years [5]. [...]- Universidad Complutense de Madrid(undefined

Accident Management Actions In An Upper-Head Small-Break Loss-Of-Coolant Accident With High-Pressure Safety Injection Failed

Since the Three Mile Island accident, an important focus of pressurized water reactor (PWR) transient analyses has been a small-break loss-of-coolant accident (SBLOCA). In 2002, the discovery of thinning of the vessel head wall at the Davis Besse nuclear power plant reactor indicated the possibility of an SBLOCA in the upper head of the reactor vessel as a result of circumferential cracking of a control rod drive mechanism penetration nozzle - which has cast even greater importance on the study of SBLOCAs. Several experimental tests have been performed at the Large Scale Test Facility to simulate the behavior of a PWR during an upper-head SBLOCA. The last of these tests, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Nuclear Energy Agency Rig of Safety Assessment (OECD/NEA ROSA) Test 6.1, was performed in 2005. This test was simulated with the TRACE 5.0 code, and good agreement with the experimental results was obtained. Additionally, a broad analysis of an upper-head SBLOCA with high-pressure safety injection failed in a Westinghouse PWR was performed taking into account different accident management actions and conditions in order to check their suitability. This issue has been analyzed also in the framework of the OECD/NEA ROSA project and the Code Applications and Maintenance Program (CAMP). The main conclusion is that the current emergency operating procedures for Westinghouse reactor design are adequate for these kinds of sequences, and they do not need to be modified