Influencia del estilo interpersonal del entrenador sobre la motivación en deportistas de salvamento y socorrismo

Sustentado en el marco teórico que ofrece el modelo jerárquico de la motivación intrínseca y extrínseca (Vallerand, 1997), este trabajo ha analizado la existencia de per les controladores de entrenadores según la percepción de sus deportistas, así como los efectos que dichos estilos pueden ocasionar en el tiempo. Participaron 448 atletas de salvamento y socorrismo que completaron dos veces los cuestionarios referentes al clima de los iguales, soporte de autonomía, estilo controlador del entrenador, necesidades psicológicas básicas, motivación intrínseca y autoconfianza precompetitiva con un espacio tiempo entre ambas tomas de seis meses. El análisis clús- ter mostró la existencia de dos per les de entrenador, uno más controlador que otro. La prueba T-Student señaló diferencias entre grupos de modo que aquellos cuyo entrenador era menos controlador ofrecieron, en la primera toma, mayores puntuaciones en opinión del deportista, comportamiento autónomo, autonomía, competencia y relación con los demás, y menores en clima ego. Estas diferencias se acrecentaron en la toma dos, donde además se encontraron diferencias en motivación intrínseca y autocon anza pre-competitiva a favor de los que entrenaron con técnicos menos controladores. Los resultados re ejan la importancia de que los entrenadores se acerquen a estilos poco controladores a la vista de los efectos adaptativos que parece conllevar con el paso del tiempo en los deportistas que dirige.

Bone Marrow-Derived Cells from Male Donors Do Not Contribute to the Endometrial Side Population of the Recipient

Accumulated evidence demonstrates the existence of bone marrow-derived cells origin in the endometria of women undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT). In these reports, cells of a bone marrow (BM) origin are able to differentiate into endometrial cells, although their contribution to endometrial regeneration is not yet clear. We have previously demonstrated the functional relevance of side population (SP) cells as the endogenous source of somatic stem cells (SSC) in the human endometrium. The present work aims to understand the presence and contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to the endometrium and the endometrial SP population of women who received BMT from male donors. Five female recipients with spontaneous or induced menstruations were selected and their endometrium was examined for the contribution of XY donor-derived cells using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), telomapping and SP method investigation. We confirm the presence of XY donor-derived cells in the recipient endometrium ranging from 1.7% to 2.62%. We also identify 0.45–0.85% of the donor-derived cells in the epithelial compartment displaying CD9 marker, and 1.0–1.83% of the Vimentin-positive XY donor-derived cells in the stromal compartment. Although the percentage of endometrial SP cells decreased, possibly being due to chemotherapy applied to these patients, they were not formed by XY donor-derived cells, donor BM cells were not associated with the stem cell (SC) niches assessed by telomapping technique, and engraftment percentages were very low with no correlation between time from transplant and engraftment efficiency, suggesting random terminal differentiation. In conclusion, XY donor-derived cells of a BM origin may be considered a limited exogenous source of transdifferentiated endometrial cells rather than a cyclic source of BM donor-derived stem cells

Predicción de las razones de disciplina en educación física

The main goal of this study is to validate Vallerand's hierarchical model (2001) to predict the causes of discipline through motivational climate and self-determined motivation, within a sample of 819 physical education teenage students. Learning and Performance Orientations in Physical Education (LAPOPEQ), the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) and the Psychological Mediator Scale were the instruments used for this study. After several regression analyses, task climate proves most useful to predict cause motivation (intrinsic, introjected and identified) for discipline. These results encourage further experiment emphasising motivational climate associated to tasks.ResumenEl principal objetivo del estudio ha sido comprobar el modelo jerárquico de Vallerand (2001) para la predicción de las razones de ser disciplinado a través del clima motivacional y la motivación autodeterminada, en una muestra de 819 estudiantes adolescentes en clases de educación física. Los instrumentos utilizados han sido el cuestionario de la orientación al aprendizaje y el rendimiento en las clases de educación física (LAPOPEQ), la escala de motivación deportiva (SMS), la escala de mediadores psicológicos y la escala de razones para la disciplina (RDS). Tras varios análisis de regresión, el clima tarea se presentó como el mejor predictor de los motivos de razones (intrínsecas, introyectadas e identificadas) para ser disciplinado. Estos resultados animan a trabajar de forma experimental dándole mayor énfasis en la creación de un clima tarea motivacional que implique a la tarea. AbstractThe main goal of this study is to validate Vallerand's hierarchical model (2001) to predict the causes of discipline through motivational climate and self-determined motivation, within a sample of 819 physical education teenage students. Learning and Performance Orientations in Physical Education (LAPOPEQ), the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) and the Psychological Mediator Scale were the instruments used for this study. After several regression analyses, task climate proves most useful to predict cause motivation (intrinsic, introjected and identified) for discipline. These results encourage further experiment emphasising motivational climate associated to tasks

Ejercicio, bienestar psicológico, calidad de sueño y motivación situacional en estudiantes de educación física

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido comprobar si la exposición adiferentes intensidades de actividad física aguda ocasionaba cambios en elbienestar psicológico (vitalidad subjetiva y estado afectivo), la calidad delsueño y la motivación intrínseca situacional en estudiantes adolescentes enclases de educación física. Para ello, 120 estudiantes (50 chicos y 70 chicas)con edades comprendidas entre los 16 y 20 años completaron, antes y despuésde pasar por cada situación experimental, medidas de estas variables. Losresultados mostraron, en primer lugar, que había asociaciones directas entrela vitalidad subjetiva, el estado afectivo positivo y la calidad del sueño. Ensegundo lugar, se encontró un incremento significativo en la motivación intrínsecasituacional y disminución en el estado afectivo negativo post-sesiónal comparar las intensidades vigorosa y ligera. La mayoría de las dimensionesdel bienestar psicológico mejoraban cuando se comparaban las situacionespre intervención y post intervención, independientemente de la intensidaddel ejercicio. Contrariamente a nuestras hipótesis, la calidad del sueño no mejoróal practicar actividad física. La principal conclusión es que la realizaciónde actividad física aguda, independientemente de la intensidad del mismo,mejora el bienestar. Respecto a la motivación, la actividad física vigorosa esla que provoca mayores cambios motivacionales, debiendo tener este aspectoen cuenta a la hora de diseñar programas de actividad física para adolescentes

Exploring the socio-ecological factors behind the (in)active lifestyles of Spanish post-bariatric surgery patients

Purpose: Physical activity (PA) is considered essential for the treatment of morbid obesity and the optimization of bariatric surgery outcomes. The objective of this article was to identify the facilitators and barriers that bariatric patients perceived to do PA one year after finishing a PA programme for the promotion of a long-term active lifestyle. This objective was addressed from a socio-ecological and qualitative perspective. Methods: Nine patients (eight women and one man), aged between 31 and 59 years, participated in semi-structured interviews directly following the PA programme and one year after it. A content analysis was carried out to analyze the qualitative data. Results: Weight loss, improvement of physical fitness, perceived competence, and enjoyment were the main facilitators of PA. Complexes related to skin folds, osteoarthritis, perceived unfavourable weather conditions, lack of social support and economic resources, long workdays, lack of specific PA programmes, and other passive leisure preferences were the main barriers to participate in PA. Conclusions: Results highlight the important interplay between personal, social environmental, and physical environmental factors to explain (in)active behaviours of bariatric patients. The findings of this article could be useful for future research and interventions aimed at promoting PA in bariatric patients

Aging of ECG characteristics over a five year period

The aim of this work was to find evidence of aging of ECG indicators in a population of young adults (52 subjects of age 19 ± 0.6 in 2002). For this purpose, an application which analyzes ECG signals was designed and implemented. The data consist in four different series for each subject of the studied population. Two ECG signals of 5 minute duration (one at rest and one after a mild effort) were taken in 2002 and the exact same procedure was repeated for each subject five years later in 2007. All these electrocardiographic signals were examined by computational techniques in order to extract the RR and QT intervals and the energy content of the T-wave. Next, we have compared all the data using first return maps and measured the data dispersion by evaluating the covariance ellipses. Relations between each of the four data series were studied. The analysis also included the gender and the categorical aspect “practicing sport”

Wellbeing indicators affecting female entrepreneurship in OECD countries

[EN] The objective of this research is to know which wellbeing indicators, such as work-life balance, educational level, income or job security, are related to the rate of female entrepreneurship in 29 OECD countries. In addition, these countries have been classified according to the motivation of the entrepreneur either by necessity or by opportunity. The empiric study is focused on 29 OECD countries covering the different geographic areas (Western Europe, Central and Eastern Europe, Middle East, etc.) Due to the fact that the sample is relatively small, it is essential to use a selective approach when selecting the causal conditions. To this end, fsQCA is the most appropriate methodology for such a small data set. A total of 5 variables have been used: an independent variable (female TEA ratio), and four dependent variables (work life balance, educational level, sustainable household income and job security). Data measuring female TEA ratio have been obtained from Global Entrepreneur Monitor (GEM in Global report, 2015) data base, while data measuring wellbeing dimensions were taken from the Better Life Index (OECD in How¿s life? Measuring wellbeing, 2015. http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org). The results of this piece of research show that countries with high sustainable household income together with high level of education achieves high female entrepreneurship ratio with both, a good work-life balance (despite of a high unemployment probability), or a high labour-personal imbalance (in this latter, with a low probability of unemployment).This work has been funded by the R + D project for emerging research groups with reference (GVA) GV/2016/078.Ribes-Giner, G.; Moya Clemente, I.; Cervelló Royo, RE.; Perelló Marín, MR. (2019). Wellbeing indicators affecting female entrepreneurship in OECD countries. 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The influence of the physical education teacher on intrinsic motivation, self-confidence, anxiety, and pre-and post-competition mood states

One of the fundamental problems facing teachers of physical education (PE) is how to increase pupils' motivation. From the point of view of goal achievement, guidelines need to be established so that information may be used to greater effect in classes. This study examined the relationship between the motivational climate created by the PE teacher and the intrinsic motivation of the preparatory sessions together with self-confidence and anxiety prior to competition and pre- and post-competition mood states. The sample was made up of school children (M age = 11.7) from a state school (N = 115), who, after an introduction to an athletics course of 12 sessions, took part in a sports competition. During this time, a teacher (trained to this effect) manipulated the motivational climate, adapting the strategies of TARGET (11, 12, 26, 28). The mastery climate was linked to enjoyment, perceived ability, and effort in the PE classes, as well as to pre-competition somatic anxiety and post-competition vigor. On the other hand, the performance climate was associated with self-confidence, pre-competition vigor, and post-competition stress. The results are discussed in relation to achievement goal theory and motivational climate manipulation

Long-term adherence to IFN beta-1a treatment when using rebismart1device in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

The effectiveness of disease-modifying drugs in the treatment of multiple sclerosis is associated with adherence. RebiSmart® electronic device provides useful information about adherence to the treatment with subcutaneous (sc) interferon (IFN) ß-1a (Rebif®). The aim of the study was to determine long-term adherence to this treatment in patients with relapsing- remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). This retrospective multicentre observational study analysed 258 patients with RRMS who were receiving sc IFN ß-1a (Rebif®) treatment by using RebiSmart® until replacement (36 months maximum lifetime) or treatment discontinuation. Adherence was calculated with data (injection dosage, time, and date) automatically recorded by RebiSmart®. Patients in the study had a mean age of 41 years with a female proportion of 68%. Mean EDSS score at start of treatment was 1.8 (95% CI, 1.6-1.9). Overall adherence was 92.6%(95% CI, 90.6-94.5%). A total of 30.2% of patients achieved an adherence rate of 100%, 80.6% at least 90%, and only 13.2% of patients showed a suboptimal adherence (<80%). A total of 59.9% of subjects were relapse-free after treatment initiation. Among 106 subjects (41.1%) who experienced, on average, 1.4 relapses, the majority were mild (40.6%) or moderate (47.2%). Having experienced relapses from the beginning of the treatment was the only variable significantly related to achieving an adherence of at least 80% (OR = 3.06, 1.28-7.31). Results of this study indicate that sc IFN ß-1a administration facilitated by RebiSmart® could lead to high rates of adherence to a prescribed dose regimen over 36 months

A framework to move forward on the path to eco-innovation in the construction industry: implications to improve firms´ sustainable orientation

This paper examines key aspects in the innovative behavior of the construction firms that determine their environmental orientation while innovating. Structural equation modeling was used and data of 222 firms retrieved from the Spanish Technological Innovation Panel (PITEC) for 2010 to analyse the drivers of environmental orientation of the construction firms during the innovation process. The results show that the environmental orientation is positively affected by the product and process orientation of construction firms during the innovation process. Furthermore, the positive relation between the importance of market information sources and environmental orientation, mediated by process and product orientation, is discussed. Finally, a model that explains these relations is proposed and validated. 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