Dissolved Inorganic Nutrients in the Western Mediterranean Sea (2004-2017)

Abstract. Long-term time-series are a fundamental prerequisite to understand and detect climate shifts and trends. Understanding the complex interplay of changing ocean variables and the biological implication for marine ecosystems requires extensive data collection for monitoring and hypothesis testing and validation of modelling products. In marginal seas, such as Mediterranean Sea, there are still monitoring gaps, both in time and in space. To contribute filling these gaps, an extensive dataset of dissolved inorganic nutrients profiles (nitrate, NO3; phosphate, PO4 ; and silicate, SiO2) have been collected between 2004 and 2017 in the Western Mediterranean Sea and subjected to quality control techniques to provide to the scientific community a publicly available, long-term, quality controlled, internally consistent biogeochemical data product. The database includes 27 870 stations of dissolved inorganic nutrients sampled during 24 cruises, including temperature and salinity. Details of the quality control (primary and secondary quality control) applied are reported. The data are available in PANGAEA (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.904172, Belgacem et al. 2019) Keywords: Mediterranean Sea, Dissolved Inorganic Nutrient, biogeochemistr

Aqueous phase methylation as a potential source of methylmercury in wet deposition

Author Posting. © The Authors, 2006. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Atmospheric Environment 41 (2007): 1663-1668, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.10.032.The source of monomethylmercury (MMHg) in wet deposition is unknown. Volatilization of gaseous MMHg, evasion and demethylation of dimethylmercury, and methylation of Hg0 have been either proposed or tested unsuccessfully as potential sources. Here, we show that MMHg in precipitation, sampled across a wide geographical range in North America, is related positively to an operationally defined and measured reactive Hg species (HgR), but connected weakly to total Hg. The mean molar ratio of MMHg:HgR measured in continental precipitation (0.025 ± 0.006) is comparable to the MMHg:Hg(II) ratio estimated from first-order rate constants for acetate-mediated Hg methylation and MMHg photolysis (0.025 ± 0.002). This suggests MMHg may be formed in the atmosphere through a reaction between labile Hg(II) complexes and an unknown methylating agent(s), potentially acetate or similar molecules. Availability of Hg(II) appears to limit the reaction, and accordingly, increased atmospheric loadings of Hg could lead to enhanced MMHg in precipitation.This study was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs (0425562) and the Postdoctoral Scholar Program at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, with funding from the Doherty Foundation

Intertidal Mediterranean coralline algae habitat is expecting a shift towards a reduced growth and a simplified associated fauna under climate change

Coralline algae represent the most important bioconstructors in the Mediterranean Sea and are currently impaired by the effects of climate change (CC), particularly by global warming and ocean acidification (OA). We studied the effects of these two drivers on Ellisolandia elongate, an intertidal coralline algae that is known to host a rich biodiversity of associated fauna. We cultured turfs of E. elongate in experimental conditions of increased temperature and OA (using the values of the IPCC scenario RCP- 8.5 expected for 2100: actual mean temperature +3 degrees C and pH = 7.78), and estimated alteration of algal linear growth and community structure, focusing especially on peracarid crustaceans and annelids. Our findings revealed a decrease in linear growth, yet with no significant changes on structural integrity, and a simplification of associated community, in particular for peracarids. Our study contributes to understand community-level response to CC drivers, highlighting the vulnerability of the fauna associated to an important Mediterranean marine habitat

Video Game Music: Where it Came From, How it is Being Used Today, and Where it is Heading Tomorrow

This article addresses the many facets of the video game industry and the exceptional role that music has played and continues to play in this expanding industry. Part I tracks the history of music\u27s role as video games developed over the years. Part II discusses the manner in which music is obtained for use in video games and the contractual setting in which this takes place. Part III comments on the current state of the video game industry, exploring ways to shift the paradigm from one that is publicity-driven, to one that recognizes the importance of music. The final section, Part IV, explores what the future of the industry may look like and some of the creative innovations that lie ahead

V. Il tetto della Basilica Vaticana rifatto per opera di Benedetto XII

Cerrati M. V. Il tetto della Basilica Vaticana rifatto per opera di Benedetto XII. In: Mélanges d'archéologie et d'histoire, tome 35, 1915. pp. 81-117

Proximidades e distanciamentos entre as formações de Naturologia no Brasil e Naturopatia nos Estados Unidos da América e Canadá

Medical rationality is an analytical concept that makes it possible to compare different therapeutical systems. Starting from this tool, it was intended in this study to identify and analyze the approaches and distancing, similarities and differences, between the formations of Naturology, in Brazil, and of Naturopathy, in Canada and the United States of America, from their Curricular Matrix (Pedagogical Project) of Bachelor Degree. It is a qualitative study, descriptive in its objectives, and documentary according to its means. Curricular Matrix of the educational institutions that offer Bachelor Degree in Naturology and Naturopathy were compared. The Curricular Matrix of six institutions were analyzed, being two Brazilians, two Americans and two Canadians, by means of Analysis of Thematic Content, from four given categories a priori: (1) Medical Doctrine; (2) Mor¬phology and Vital Dynamics; (3) Diagnostic System, and (4) Therapeutical System. The results of the study indicate more proximity, similarity, between Naturology, in Brazil, and Naturopathy in Canada and the United States of America, concerning Medical Doctrine. However, it was perceived differences between those institu¬tions in the categories of Morphology and Vital Dynamics, Diagnostic System and Therapeutical System. Cul¬tural factors and legal aspects in different countries contribute for this distancing. Therefore, it cannot be used as synonymous the Bachelor Degree of Naturology and Naturopathy in these countries, since, at the same time they approach while philosophy and conceptions of health, they are distant from each other while practical reach of performance and of intervention.Objetivou-se conhecer as proximidades e os distanciamentos entre as formações de Naturologia no Brasil e de Naturopatia no Canadá e Estados Unidos da América a partir de suas grades curriculares. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, classificando-se em descritivo segundo seus objetivos, e documental segundo seus meios. Foram comparadas grades curriculares das instituições de ensino que oferecem as formações em nível de graduação em Naturologia e Naturopatia. Analisaram-se documentos provenientes de seis instituições, sendo duas brasileiras, duas Estadunidenses e duas Canadenses, por meio de Análise de Conteúdo Temático, a partir de quatro categorias dadas a priori: (1) Doutrina Médica; (2) Morfologia e Dinâmica Vital; (3) Sistema Diagnóstico e (4) Sistema Terapêutico. Como resultados entende-se que a Naturologia, no Brasil, e a Naturopatia, no Canadá e Estados Unidos, se aproximam enquanto Doutrina Médica. Todavia, essas  distanciam-se quanto aos conteúdos referentes às categorias Morfologia e Dinâmica Vital, Sistema Diagnóstico e Sistema Terapêutico. Fatores culturais e aspectos legais nos diferentes países contribuem para o distanciamento. Por conseguinte, pode-se inferir que ambas possuem a mesma raiz visto que se aproximam enquanto filosofia e concepções de saúde, porém distanciam-se enquanto alcance de atuação e práticas de intervenção