Reanimação cardiopulmonar no paciente pronado: uma revisão narrativa

Sabe-se que inúmeras vezes a parada cardiorrespiratória ocorre no paciente que encontra-se pronado. Dependendo das circunstâncias, reposicionar o adoecido para o decúbito dorsal não é viável, pois significaria atrasar consideravelmente o início das manobras. O objetivo do presente estudo foi apresentar as evidências da literatura sobre a efetividade da reanimação cardiopulmonar em pacientes pronados terapeuticamente. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, cuja a busca de dados deu-se através das bases SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE e o buscador Google Scholar. Os estudos sugerem que a RCP em prona produz fluxo sanguíneo adequado e viabiliza a execução do manejo de forma mais rápida, aumentando consideravelmente as chances de se obter o retorno da circulação espontânea. Constata-se ser fortemente necessário que ensaios randomizados sejam produzidos com a finalidade de proporcionar evidências robustas sobre a temática

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Mouvements agraires, mouvements nationaux et révolution en Amérique latine

Agrarian movements, national movements and revolution in Latin America, by Silas Cerqueira One of the major characteristics of Latin-American revolutions to-day is that both the agrarian problem and the problem of national identity are inextricably and explosively implicated. It is not a simple question of coexistence: this common characteristic is a result of historical, social and economic conditions which are particular to Latin America. The economic and social structure is founded on the prolonged reign of the latifundia, an irregular national capitalist development (creating under-developed areas) and the coming of foreign monopolies and investments; any agrarian reform which rapidly and completely destroys the latifundia is thus destined to become a peasant-led agrarian revolution; similarly a programme of economic independance, of nationalization will probably develop into a nationalist or anti-imperialist city-led revolution. The interaction or the alliance of the peasants and the nationalist city dwellers would seem to be one of the necessary conditions to the breaking out and development of Latin-American revolutions: the study of four such revolutions in Guatemala, Mexico, Bolivia and Cuba confirm this hypothesis. When the two currents do not meet, the revolutions do not take place or fail - this was the case in Santo Domingo, Venezuela, Brazil and Columbia.Mouvements agraires, mouvements nationaux et révolution en Amérique Latine, par Silas Cerqueira Un des traits fondamentaux des révolutions latino-américaines de notre époque est que s'y mêlent de façon explosive la question agraire et la question nationale. Il ne s'agit pas de concomitance : ce caractère commun découle des conditions historiques, sociales et économiques propres à l'Amérique latine. La structure économique et sociale y est en effet fondée sur la domination prolongée du latifundium, un développement capitaliste national irrégulier (qui crée des zones de sous-développement) et la pénétration des monopoles et investissements étrangers ; toute réforme agraire qui élimine rapidement et radicalement le latifundium est donc destinée à devenir une révolution agraire-paysanne ; de même, un programme d'indépendance économique, de nationalisations, a de grandes chances de devenir une révolution nationaliste-urbaine ou anti-impérialiste. L'interaction, l'alliance, la fusion entre mouvements paysans-agraires et nationaux-urbains, apparaît comme une des conditions essentielles à l'éclosion et au développement des révolutions latino-américaines : l'étude des quatre révolutions guatémaltèque, mexicaine, bolivienne et cubaine (qui est la synthèse et le dépassement des précédentes) confirme cette hypothèse. Lorsque ces deux courants ne se rencontrent pas, les révolutions avortent ou échouent : c'est le cas de la République Dominicaine, du Venezuela, du Brésil et de la Colombie.Cerqueira Silas. Mouvements agraires, mouvements nationaux et révolution en Amérique latine. In: Revue française de science politique, 19ᵉ année, n°5, 1969. pp. 1018-1041

Sur la crise brésilienne

Cerqueira Silas. Sur la crise brésilienne. In: Revue française de science politique, 18ᵉ année, n°1, 1968. pp. 20-43

Arévalo (Juan José) - The shark and the sardines. Translated from the Spanish by June Cobb and Raul Osegueda

Cerqueira Silas. Arévalo (Juan José) - The shark and the sardines. Translated from the Spanish by June Cobb and Raul Osegueda. In: Revue française de science politique, 15ᵉ année, n°1, 1965. pp. 149-150