Breeding Doubled Haploid Maize Inbred Lines for Methionine and Lysine Amino Acid Composition

Maize protein quality is deficient due to lower lysine and methionine essential amino acid content. Therefore, developinghigh methionine and lysine hybrids is of importance in maize. In this study, 64 maize source populationswere crossed to RWS x RWK-76 haploid inducer genotype in Sakarya, Turkey to produce haploids in 2016 and2017. Putative haploids were planted in a greenhouse in 2017-2018 winter season in Antalya, Turkey to produceD0 lines. 115 D1 lines were selected and planted in 2018 summer field season in Sakarya for further investigation. Atotal of 65 D1 doubled haploid (DH) inbred lines were developed after final evaluations. While the majority of thedeveloped lines gave higher values for methionine and lysine content, Ant-QPMDH-39 and Ant-QPMDH-42 lineswere observed to have higher amino acid content when compared to parental lines. Statistics related to haploidinduction rate, germination rate, misclassification rate and doubled haploid line rate revealed that effect of sourcepopulations cannot be ignored in DH line development. Our results showed that DH technology is efficient in linedevelopment in terms of special traits in maize in a short breeding time

Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Neurobiology, Diagnostic Problems and Clinical Features

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic, lifelong neurobeha-vioral disorder with childhood-onset, which seriously impairs the affected adults in a variety of daily living functions like academic, social and occupational functioning. Prevalence of ADHD declines with age in the general population. The approximate prevalence rates of ADHD is 8% in childhood, 6% in adolescence and 4% in adulthood. The unclear validity of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for this condition can lead to reduced prevalence rates by underestimation of the prevalence of adult ADHD. The disorder is characterized by behavioral symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity across the life cycle and is associated with considerable morbidity and disability. Although its etiology remains unclear, considerable evidence documents its strong neurobiological and genetic underpinnings. ADHD is associated with a high percentage of comorbid psychiatric disorders in every lifespan. In adulthood between 65-89% of all patients with ADHD suffer from one or more additional psychiatric disorders, above all mood and anxiety disorders, substance use disorders and personality disorders, which complicate the clinical picture in terms of diagnostics, treatment and outcome issues. The high comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders, the resulting deficits in social competences and risky health behavior that often go along with a diminished life quality must be stressed in these patients. Preventive and therapeutic interventions should be taken at an early stage to counteract the possible negative influences of ADHD on functioning and relationships. In this paper, we reviewed the historical aspects, epidemiology, neurobiology, comorbidity, diagnostic difficulties and clinical features of adult ADHD

Vagal Nerve Schwannoma Clinically Mimicking Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: Report of a Case

Introduction: Mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are mainly comprised of a spectrum of spindle cell tumors which include gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), leiomyomas or leiomyosarcomas, and schwannomas. As all of these tumors of the GI are located in the submucosal layer of the bowell wall, differential diagnosis is very difficult. Histopathological evaluation using immunohistochemical staining is required for the definitive diagnosis.Presentation of case: A 20-year-old female patient was presented with an upper abdominal pain and dyspepsia since 2 months duration.This case  is initially thought as GIST but finally diagnosed as vagal nerve schwannoma by histopathological evaluation after resection of the mass.Conclusion: Schwannomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of other mesenchimal tumors, such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors and leiomyomas or leiomyosarcomas, indeed it can grow in any part of the peripheral nerves along the gastrointestinal tract. Histopathological evaluation including immunohistochemical staining is required for the definitive diagnosis

Ankle-brachial index in coronary artery disease

Ankle-brachial index in coronary artery diseas

Epicardial fat thickness and cardiovascular involvements.

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