Reactions of anthocyanin rich in maize genotypes to low temperature treatments according to photosynthesis, gas exchange properties, and bio-active compounds

Low temperatures during the early growing stages limit the productivity of maize considerably. Investigating responses of different coloured corns (Zea mays L.) to chilling may reveal alternative genotypes which can be preferred under early sowing conditions of water-shortage farming areas. The aim of this study is determining whether the color factor affects the tolerance to chilling in maize and which properties are effective on the low temperature tolerance. We exposed corns with different colours (white, yellow, red, purple) to different temperatures [8°C, 12°C, 16°C, 25°C (control)] and analysed the effects of temperature on morphological, physiological, bio-active properties and stress indicators. Using 14-day old seedlings, we noted that purple corn had the highest seedling length, seedling weight, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll B and total phenolic content in the 8°C and followed by white (photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll A and carotenoids), yellow (transpiration rate, sub stomatal CO2, and total antioxidant activity) and red corns (water use efficiency, total anthocyanin content and proline). On the other hand, white corn maintained its superiority in other treatments, receiving the highest values in 9 of 17 characteristics at 12°C, in 8 of 17 at 16°C and in 10 of 17 in the control. Performance of purple corn in the 8°C was the most remarkable one in all genotypes and treatments. Based on our results, it has been concluded that white and purple corns are more chilling tolerant genotypes and may be alternative for early sowing conditions in drought farming areas

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Caudal Nasal Septum and the Nasal Vestibule: a Case Report

DergiPark: 889389tmsjAims: The nasal septum is an unusual place for malignant tumors to occur. The condition may be accompanied by non-specific symptoms that may cause delays in seeking medical care or may misguide the physician due to the condition’s rarity. We hereby aim to present a rare case of a squamous cell carcinoma in a 65-year-old male patient with recently progressing symptoms. Case Report: A 65-year-old male patient was admitted to Private Keşan Hospital’s Ear- Nose-Throat Department with swelling and wounds in the nose, and inability to breathe complaints. After the biopsy, pathological examination revealed moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The patient was operated with success; the mass was thoroughly dissected and a full-thickness skin graft from the left supraclavicular region was used in the reconstruction of defected areas. Recovery was uneventful due to early diagnosis and admission, with no relapse or cosmetic concern during monthly visits in the following years. Conclusion: As seen in this case, full-thickness skin grafts can be successfully used in intranasal and extranasal reconstructions, provided that they are obtained from areas with appropriate thickness. Early diagnosis and frequent monitoring are crucial in patients with squamous cell carcinoma since these tumors respond exceptionally well to treatment; although the recurrence rate is remarkably high

Challenging people's political views and values makes them think even harder and produce better arguments to defend themselves

To many, American politics and society seem more polarized than they have ever been. Why, then do people cling so tightly to their values, identities and attitudes? In new research, Cengiz Erisen, David P. Redlawsk, and Elif Erisen looked at the effects of presenting people with information that conflicted or refuted their own ideologies. They found that far from convincing ..

Deposition Of Nanocrystallized Amorphous Silicon Thin Films By Magnetron Sputtering

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2013Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2013Bu çalışmada nanokristalize edilmiş amorf silikon ince filmlerin sentezi yapılarak, güneş pili uygulaması için geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, çalışma sırasında DC Magnetron Saçtırma ve RF Magnetron Saçtırma cihazları kullanılmıştır. İlk olarak DC-Magnetron Saçtırma cihazı ile 1 Watt, 4 Watt, 10 Watt ve 15 Watt değerlerinde, titanyum biriktirilmiş silikon altlık üzerine, 18 °C ortam sıcaklığında, 300 Å kalınlığında silikon kaplama yapılmıştır. Daha sonra 1 Watt için 2 sccm ile 20 sccm ve 15 Watt için ise 0.8 sccm ile 20 sccm argon akış hızlarında kaplamalar yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmalardan sonra RF güç kaynağına geçilmiş ve bu sefer de kullanılan silisyum toz hedef malzemesi haricinde sisteme bir de altlık olarak kullanılan tek kristal silisyum altlık hedef malzemesi olarak eklenmiştir. Her bir hedef malzemesi için 10 Watt, 15 Watt ve 150 Watt güç değerlerinde kaplamalar yapılmıştır. Ardından RF gücünde üretilen ve her iki hedef malzemesinin de kullanıldığı iki ayrı numune üretilip, 800 °C’ de birer saat tavlama işlemi yapılmıştır. Yapılan her kaplama işleminin ardından numuneler vakum ortamından çıkarılmadan X-Işını Fotoelektron Spektroskopisi (XPS) ile karakterize edilmiştir. Daha sonra numunelere Atomik Kuvvet Mikroskobu (AFM), Raman Spektroskopisi, X-Işınları Difraksiyonu (XRD) ve Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM) cihazları ile karakterizasyon işlemleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan tüm bu işlemler sonucu, karakterizasyon sonuçlarının ışığında önce yapıda amorf silisyumun eldesi sağlanmış, ardından yapılan tavlama işlemi ile beraber hedeflenen nanokristal silisyum elde edilmiştir.In this work, nanocrystallized amorphous silicon thin films were synthesized and it was aimed to apply this to solar cell applications which are accepted as one of the most important alternative for renewable energy sources. In accordance with this purpose, DC Magnetron Sputtering and RF Magnetron Sputtering was used. At first, by using DC Magnetron Sputtering, samples were deposited on titanium deposited silicon substrates under 1 Watt, 4 Watt, 10 Watt and 15 Watt, at 18 °C temperature. Thickness was 300 Å for all samples. After that thin film depositions were done for 1 Watt at 2 sccm and 20 sccm and for 15 Watt at 0.8 sccm and 20 sccm argon flow rate. Later on, RF power source started to be used and at that time addition to the powder silicon target, single crystalline silicon substrate was started to be used as target. For each target, thin film depositions were done at 10 Watt, 15 Watt and 150 Watt. After all these, two samples were deposited by RF power and annealed at 800 °C for 1 hour. After all deposition procedure, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) characterization was made without taking samples outside. Behind all of these, samples were characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). As a result of these, by the investigation of characterization results, it is understood that amorphous silicon was obtained at first and then nanocrystalline silicon particles were acquired by annealing.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

Taşınabilir manyetik nanoparçacık spektrometresi

The magnetic particle spectrometer (MPS) uses the nonlinear response of super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and magnetic saturation at certain magnetic field values. A time-varying magnetic field of excitation coils causes the magnetization of the particles to vary between the maximum and the minimum value. Generally, there are two ways in which a magnetic nanoparticle can change the direction when the applied area is temporarily changed. The particle itself performs a physical rotation called the Brown return, or the magnetic moment in the particle can rotate in a fixed structure called the Néel return. In a viscous environment, the combination of both types of rotation takes place, which depends on the frequency applied and is a dominant process. This system, also known as the relaxometer, takes into account the density of the magnetic nanoparticles in the MPS studies and the measurement of the relaxation times of the nanoparticles by making the corresponding calculations. Brownian or Néelrelaxation times can be calculated according to the reaction of chemically bound or unbound magnetic nanoparticles to the external variable magnetic field. In this study, a spectrometer was first designed and constructed to analyze the properties of nanoparticles such as relaxation times. MPS signals obtained from the spectrometer can be transferred to the computer with data acquisition card and data analysis can be done with a software written in python programming language.Manyetik parçacık spektrometresi (MPS), belirli manyetik alan değerlerinde süper paramanyetik demir oksit nanoparçacıklarının doğrusal olmayan tepkisini ve manyetik doygunluğunu kullanır. Zamanla değişen bir manyetik uyarıcı bobinlerin alanı parçacıkların mıknatıslanmasının maksimum ve minimum değer arasında değişmesine neden olur. Genel olarak, uygulanan alan geçici olarak değiştirildiğinde manyetik bir nanoparçacığın yönünü değiştirmenin iki yolu vardır. Parçacığın kendisi Brownian dönüşü adı verilen fiziksel bir dönüş gerçekleştirir veya parçacık içindeki manyetik moment Néel dönüşü adı verilen sabit bir yapıda dönebilir. Viskoz bir ortamda, uygulanan frekansa bağlı olan ve baskın bir işlem olan her iki dönme tipinin kombinasyonu gerçekleşir. Relaksometre olarak da bilinen bu sistem, MPS çalışmalarındaki manyetik nanoparçacıkların yoğunluğunu ve ilgili hesaplamaları yaparak nanoparçacıklarındurulma sürelerinin ölçümünü dikkate alır. Brownian veya Néeldurulma süreleri, kimyasal olarak bağlı veya bağlı olmayan manyetik nanoparçacıkların dış değişken manyetik alana verdiği tepkiye göre hesaplanabilir. Bu çalışmada, nanoparçacıkların durulma zamanları gibi özelliklerinin analiz edilmesini sağlayan bir spektrometre öncelikle tasarlanmış ve yapımı gerçekleştirilmiştir Spektrometreden elde edilen MPS sinyalleri veri toplama kartı ile bilgisayara aktarılabilir ve Python programlama dilinde yazılmış bir yazılımla veri analizi yapılabilir

The Impact of Open Inguinal Hernia Mesh Repair on Quality of Life

DergiPark: 700164tmsjAims: This study aims to evaluate the effect of open inguinal hernia repair with mesh on the quality of life of the patients whowere operated at a university hospital. Methods: In this cohort study, 86 patients who had undergone an open inguinal herniarepair at General Surgery Department in a university hospital between January 2017 and October 2019 were asked to fill out theCarolinas Comfort Scale questionnaire and the data were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The total number of patients in thestudy was 86. Seventy-three were male (84%) and 13 were female (16%). The median age was 53 years ranging from 18 to 82. Thedifference of pre- and post-operative scores revealed high significance in all categories and in total; laying down, bending over,sitting up, performing activities of daily life, coughing or deep breathing, walking or standing, walking up or down the stairs,exercising and total score. Conclusion: Inguinal hernia decreases the quality of daily life by limiting the movements with groinpain. Surgical low-tension repair with mesh improves the quality of life significantly. Keywords: Inguinal hernia, quality of life,mesh repai

Sex-hormone-binding globulin early in pregnancy for the prediction of severe gestational diabetes mellitus and related complications

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to clarify the association between SHBG levels and GDM complications/medication requirements. Material and Methods: Among the participants (n = 93) who provided blood samples between 13 and 16 weeks’ gestation, 30 cases subsequently developed GDM. Complications and medical interventions were noted. The best cut-off point of SHBG and diagnostic performance were calculated. Results: The mean age was 28.45 - 5.0 years. SHBG levels were lower in the GDM group (n = 30) when compared with non-GDM (n = 63) cases (<0.01). Among the GDM women, SHBG was lower in the insulin therapy group (n = 15) compared with medical nutritional therapy alone (n = 15) (P < 0.01). A good predictive accuracy of SHBG was found for GDM requiring insulin therapy (area under the curve: 0.866, 95% confidence interval: 0.773–0.959). An SHBG threshold for 97.47 nmol/L had a sensitivity of 80.0%, specificity 84.6%, positive predictive value 50.0% and negative predictive value 95.7%. The calculated odds ratio for SHBG < 97.47 nmol/L was 12.346 (95% confidence interval: 1.786–83.33). Conclusions: SHBG is valuable for screening women early in pregnancy for GDM risk; however, a standard assay for analyses and a threshold level of serum SHBG for a constant gestational week has to be determined

Consequences of neurite transection in vitro

WOS: 000309967300004PubMed ID: 20121423In order to quantify degenerative and regenerative changes and analyze the contribution of multiple factors to the outcome after neurite transection, we cultured adult mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons, and with a precise laser beam, we transected the nerve fibers they extended. Cell preparations were continuously visualized for 24 h with time-lapse microscopy. More distal cuts caused a more elongated field of degeneration, while thicker neurites degenerated faster than thinner ones. Transected neurites degenerated more if the uncut neurites of the same neuron simultaneously degenerated. If any of these uncut processes regenerated, the transected neurites underwent less degeneration. Regeneration of neurites was limited to distal cuts. Unipolar neurons had shorter regeneration than multipolar ones. Branching slowed the regenerative process, while simultaneous degeneration of uncut neurites increased it. Proximal lesions, small neuronal size, and extensive and rapid neurite degeneration were predictive of death of an injured neuron, which typically displayed necrotic rather than apoptotic form. In conclusion, this in vitro model proved useful in unmasking many new aspects and correlates of mechanically-induced neurite injury.Yuzuncu Yil University Directorate of Scientific Research Projects [TF073]This study was supported by the Yuzuncu Yil University Directorate of Scientific Research Projects (grant no. TF073)

Review - Reference Electrodes in Li-Ion and Next Generation Batteries: Correct Potential Assessment, Applications and Practices

This review provides an accessible analysis of the processes on reference electrodes and their applications in Li-ion and next generation batteries research. It covers fundamentals and definitions as well as specific practical applications and is intended to be comprehensible for researchers in the battery field with diverse backgrounds. It covers fundamental concepts, such as two- and three-electrodes configurations, as well as more complex quasi- or pseudo- reference electrodes. The electrode potential and its dependance on the concentration of species and nature of solvents are explained in detail and supported by relevant examples. The solvent, in particular the cation solvation energy, contribution to the electrode potential is important and a largely unknown issue in most the battery research. This effect can be as high as half a volt for the Li/Li+ couple and we provide concrete examples of the battery systems where this effect must be taken into account. With this review, we aim to provide guidelines for the use and assessment of reference electrodes in the Li-ion and next generation batteries research that are comprehensive and accessible to an audience with a diverse scientific background