Intervención logopédica en un paciente laringectomizado. La importancia de las asociaciones.

Este trabajo recoge la información recopilada sobre la intervención logopédica en pacientes laringectomizados, ejemplificado con la intervención personal llevada a cabo con un paciente operado, con una laringectomía total, y con unas características quirúrgicas, físicas y psicológicas específicas. Para que el trabajo del logopeda sea eficaz es fundamental conocer previamente la historia clínica del paciente, sus antecedentes, su patología y los tratamientos médicos recibidos: cirugía, radio o quimioterapia, fisioterapia, y si ha necesitado o no de apoyo psicológico. La laringectomía compromete las actividades básicas de la vida diaria y la autonomía personal, dificultando la higiene, la deglución, la fonación, la respiración y las relaciones interpersonales, lo que en mayor o menor grado afecta negativamente al estado anímico del sujeto. La intervención logopédica se centrará en la técnica de la erigmofonía o la voz esofágica, como primera opción en la rehabilitación de la voz. También se ha procurado actuar sobre la integración del paciente en la asociación para ayudar al bienestar psicológico de este.Grado en Logopedi

El inicio de la Cartagena moderna: el eje Serreta-Caridad-Gisbert, una nueva apertura al mar o la traslación del centro

Las ciudades mediterráneas como Cartagena muestran un paisaje urbano donde se superponen, complementan o yuxtaponen los tiempos históricos. La apertura de la calle de Gisbert es posiblemente la primera actuación urbanística innovadora sobre la ciudad antigua cambiándola manera de entender lo urbano y redefiniéndolas relaciones geográficas de su emplazamiento. Es proyecto ilustrado de los políticos liberales del siglo XIX y proyección física de la nueva clase social vinculada al desarrollo económico de la minería, la industria y el comercio de los recursos de la Sierra de Cartagena y del Puerto. Esta comunicación expone el estudio sobre el eje Serreta-Caridad-Gisbert, elemento urbano condensador de los cambios comarcales. ¿Puede el éxito de una actuación urbana equilibrar el territorio del que forma parte?Mediterranean cities as Cartagena superpose, complement or juxtapose the historical times on their urban landscape. The opening of Gisbert's street is possibly the first innovative action to develop the ancient Cartagena, changing the way we understand the urban fact and re-defining the geographical relations within its site. It was a project developed by the liberal politicians of the 19h Century and the physical projection of the new social class linked to the economic development in mining, industry and trade of the resources provided by the surrounding mountains, and its port .This paper exposes the work done on the Serreta-Caridad-Gisbert axis. This urban element is the condenser of the regional changes. Can the success of an urban action balance its territory?Peer Reviewe

Demonstration of a selective process to transform biomass into sugars by ultrafast hydrolysis in supercritical water

El objetivo de esta Tesis doctoral (dentro del marco del proyecto nacional FASTSUGARS) es desarrollar una tecnología selectiva para transformar biomasa agrícola en azúcares a través de la hidrólisis ultrarrápida en agua supercrítica, escalando el proceso desde escala laboratorio a escala planta piloto. Para ello, se lleva a cabo la hidrólisis de distintas biomasas (celulosa, pulpa de remolacha, salvado de trigo, inulina y pataca) en agua supercrítica, empleando reactores ultrarrápidos y operando con tiempos de reacción menores a 1 segundo.Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología del Medio AmbienteDoctorado en Ingeniería Química y Ambienta

Forest connectivity restoration through reforestation: an integrated methodology for prioritizing agricultural lands and selecting reforestation species

Forest connectivity restoration is a major goal in natural resource planning. Given the high amount of abandoned cultivated lands, setting efficient methods for the reforestation of agricultural lands offers a good opportunity to face this issue. However, reforestations must be carefully planned, which poses two main challenges. In first place, to determine those agricultural lands that, once reforested, would meet more effectively the planning goals. As a further step, in order to grant the success of the activity, it is fairly advisable to select those tree species that are more adapted to each particular environment. Here we intend to give response to both requirements by proposing a sequential and integrated methodology that has been implemented in two Spanish forest districts, which are formed by several landscape types that were previously defined and characterized. Using the software Conefor Sensinode, a powerful tool for quantifying habitat availability that is based on graph theory concepts, we determined the landscapes where forest planning should have connectivity as a major concern and, afterwards, we detected the agricultural patches that would contribute most to enhance connectivity if they were reforested. The subsequent reforestation species assessment was performed within these priority patches. Using penalized logistic regressions we fitted ecological niche models for the Spanish native tree species. The models were trained with species distribution data from the Spanish Forest Map and used climatic and lithological variables as predictors. Model predictions were used to build ordered lists of suitable species for each priority patch. The lists include dominant and non dominant tree species and allow adding biodiversity goals to the reforestation planning. The result of this combined methodology is a map of agricultural patches that would contribute most to uphold forest connectivity if they were reforested and a list of suitable tree species for each patch ordered by occurrence probability. Therefore the proposed methodology may be useful for suitable and efficient forest planning and landscape designing

La retórica emocional de la esposa del candidato: análisis lingüístico de los discursos de Michelle Obama y Ann Romney

Esta investigación se centra en la construcción del relato emocional a través del análisis textual de los dis­ cursos pronunciados por las candidatas a Primera Dama, Ann Romney y Michelle Obama en las con­ venciones republicana y demócrata de la campaña presidencial de Estados Unidos de 2012. El principal objetivo consiste en identificar los marcadores emocionales presentes en los textos pronunciados res­ pectivamente por cada una en dichas convenciones y que afectan al nivel semántico, morfosintáctico y pragmático. El análisis de los recursos lingüísticos utilizados en cada texto desvela que, como pieza clave de la estrategia de la campaña, ambas articularon un relato intencionadamente despolitizado y con una marcada orientación emocional, focalizando la atención en la dimensión humana de sus respectivos ma­ridos, lo que contribuyó a dibujar un perfil más personal e íntimo del candidato.Ciencias de la Comunicació

Integrative development of a short screening questionnaire of highly processed food consumption (sQ-HPF)

The following funding bodies contributed to study concept and design, research, and data collection for the PREDIMED-Plus study. The PREDIMED-Plus trial was supported by the European Research Council (Advanced Research grant 2014-2019; agreement #340918; granted to M.A.M-G.); the official Spanish institutions for funding scientific biomedical research, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the Fondo de Investigacion para la Salud (FIS) which is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (coordinated FIS projects led by J.S-S. and J.V., including the following projects: PI13/00673, PI13/00492, PI13/00272, PI13/01123, PI13/00462, PI13/00233, PI13/02184, PI13/00728, PI13/01090, PI13/01056, PI14/01722, PI14/00636, PI14/00618, PI14/00696, PI14/01206, PI14/01919, PI14/00853, PI14/01374, PI14/00972, PI14/00728, PI14/01471, PI16/00473, PI16/00662, PI16/01873, PI16/01094, PI16/00501, PI16/00533, PI16/00381, PI16/00366, PI16/01522, PI16/01120, PI17/00764, PI17/01183, PI17/00855, PI17/01347, PI17/00525, PI17/01827, PI17/00532, PI17/00215, PI17/01441, PI17/00508, PI17/01732, PI17/00926, PI19/00957, PI19/00386, PI19/00309, PI19/01032, PI19/00576, PI19/00017, PI19/01226, PI19/00781, PI19/01560, PI19/01332), and the Especial Action Project "Implementacion y evaluacion de una intervencion intensiva sobre la actividad fisica Cohorte PREDIMED-Plus" (J.S-S.); the Recercaixa (grant number 2013ACUP00194) (J.S-S.). Moreover, J.S-S. gratefully acknowledges the financial support by ICREA under the ICREA Academia program; the SEMERGEN grant; Department of Health of the Government of Navarra (61/2015), the Fundacio La Marato de TV (Ref. 201630.10); the AstraZeneca Young Investigators Award in Category of Obesity and T2D 2017 (D.R.); grants from the Consejeria de Salud de la Junta de Andalucia (PI0458/2013; PS0358/2016; PI0137/2018), the PROMETEO/2017/017 grant from the Generalitat Valenciana, the SEMERGEN grant; grant of support to research groups 35/2011 (Balearic Islands Government; FEDER funds) (J.A.T.). J.K. was financially supported by the Juan de la Cierva-Incorporacion research grant (IJC2019-042420-I) of the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness and the European Social Funds. The following funding bodies contributed to data preparation and analysis, bibliographic research, and manuscript writing. The METHYL-UP project was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RTI2018-095569-B-I00, Programa de Proyectos Orientados a los Retos de la Sociedad "Projects Toward Society Challenges Program"). R.S.-C. acknowledges financial support from the Juan de la Cierva Program Training Grants of the Spanish State Research Agency of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion y Ministerio de Universidades (FJC2018-038168-I). C.M.-P. was financially supported by a joint grant from the Community of Madrid and the European Social Fund (PEJD-2019-POST/SAL-15892). C. C.-M. was financially supported by the Formacion de Personal Investigador (FPI) grant from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (PRE2019-087643).Background: Recent lifestyle changes include increased consumption of highly processed foods (HPF), which has been associated with an increased risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, nutritional information relies on the estimation of HPF consumption from food-frequency questionnaires (FFQ) that are not explicitly developed for this purpose. We aimed to develop a short screening questionnaire of HPF consumption (sQ-HPF) that integrates criteria from the existing food classification systems. Methods: Data from 4400 participants (48.1% female and 51.9% male, 64.9 ± 4.9 years) of the Spanish PREDIMED-Plus (“PREvention with MEDiterranean DIet”) trial were used for this analysis. Items from the FFQ were classified according to four main food processing-based classification systems (NOVA, IARC, IFIC and UNC). Participants were classified into tertiles of HPF consumption according to each system. Using binomial logistic regression, food groups associated with agreement in the highest tertile for at least two classification systems were chosen as items for the questionnaire. ROC analysis was used to determine cut-off points for the frequency of consumption of each item, from which a score was calculated. Internal consistency of the questionnaire was assessed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Cronbach’s analysis, and agreement with the four classifications was assessed with weighted kappa coefficients. Results: Regression analysis identified 14 food groups (items) associated with high HPF consumption for at least two classification systems. EFA showed that items were representative contributors of a single underlying factor, the “HPF dietary pattern” (factor loadings around 0.2). We constructed a questionnaire asking about the frequency of consumption of those items. The threshold frequency of consumption was selected using ROC analysis. Comparison of the four classification systems and the sQ-HPF showed a fair to high agreement. Significant changes in lifestyle characteristics were detected across tertiles of the sQ-HPF score. Longitudinal changes in HPF consumption were also detected by the sQ-HPF, concordantly with existing classification systems. Conclusions: We developed a practical tool to measure HPF consumption, the sQ-HPF. This may be a valuable instrument to study its relationship with NCDs.European Research Council (ERC) European Commission 340918CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN)Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the Fondo de Investigacion para la Salud (FIS) - European Regional Development Fund PI13/00673 PI13/00492 PI13/00272 PI13/01123 PI13/00462 PI13/00233 PI13/02184 PI13/00728 PI13/01090 PI13/01056 PI14/01722 PI14/00636 PI14/00618 PI14/00696 PI14/01206 PI14/01919 PI14/00853 PI14/01374 PI14/00972 PI14/00728 PI14/01471Especial Action Project "Implementacion y evaluacion de una intervencion intensiva sobre la actividad fisica Cohorte PREDIMED-Plus"La Caixa Foundation 2013ACUP00194ICREASEMERGEN grantDepartment of Health of the Government of Navarra 61/2015Fundacio La Marato de TV 201630.10AstraZeneca T2D 2017Junta de Andalucia PI0458/2013 PS0358/2016 PI0137/2018Generalitat Valenciana European Commission General Electric PROMETEO/2017/017Balearic Islands Government 35/2011European Commission 35/2011Juan de la Cierva-Incorporacion research grant of the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness and the European Social Funds IJC2019-042420-ISpanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Programa de Proyectos Orientados a los Retos de la Sociedad "Projects Toward Society Challenges Program") RTI2018-095569-B-I00Juan de la Cierva Program Training Grants of the Spanish State Research Agency of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion y Ministerio de Universidades FJC2018-038168-IComunidad de MadridEuropean Social Fund (ESF) PEJD-2019-POST/SAL-15892Formacion de Personal Investigador (FPI) grant from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades PRE2019-087643The Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the Fondo de Investigacion para la Salud (FIS) - European Regional Development Fund PI16/00473 PI16/00662 PI16/01873 PI16/01094 PI16/00501 PI16/00533 PI16/00381 PI16/00366 PI16/01522 PI16/01120 PI17/00764 PI17/01183 PI17/00855 PI17/01347 PI17/00525 PI17/01827 PI17/00532 PI17/00215 PI17/01441 PI17/00508 PI19/00309 PI19/01560 PI19/01332A Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the Fondo de Investigacion para la Salud (FIS) - European Regional Development Fund PI17/01732 PI17/00926 PI19/00957 PI19/00386 PI19/01032 PI19/00576 PI19/00017 PI19/01226 PI19/0078