Protective effects of \u3c8 taraxasterol 3-O-myristate and arnidiol 3-O-myristate isolated from Calendula officinalis on epithelial intestinal barrier

The triterpene esters psi taraxasterol-3-O-myristate (1) and amidio1-3-O-myristate (2) were tested for their ability to protect epithelial intestinal barrier in an in vitro model. Their effects on ROS production and on trans-epithelial resistance were investigated on CaCo-2 cell monolayers both in basal and stress -induced conditions. Both compounds were able to modulate the stress damage induced by H2O2 and INF gamma + TNF alpha, showing a potential use as model compounds for the study of new therapeutic agents for intestinal inflammations

Práticas educativas, maternidade e paternidade em famílias em situação de pobreza

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Práticas educativas e rede de apoio social em famílias em situação de pobreza

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Producción de espumas sólidas de celulosa y Almidón de Yuca | Solid foam production of Cellulose and Cassava starch

 La reutilización de desechos sólidos es una alternativa viable por el potencial ahorro en energía, agua potable y materias primas indispensables para favorecer una economía de desarrollo sostenible. En este sentido, se llevó a cabo la producción de espumas sólidas utilizando celulosa a partir de papel Bond reciclado y gel de almidón de yuca como fase líquida, estabilizando el sistema con surfactantes (hidroxietilcelulosa como espesante y lauril sulfato de sodio como espumante). La espuma se formó mediante el método de Ross-Miller modificado, por aireación y mezclado con agitación fuerte a 10.000 rpm durante 5 min y secandola en un horno de bandeja. La formulación óptima correspondió a 15 g celulosa, 15 g almidón de yuca y 0,3 mol/L espumante; con las siguientes características estructurales, físicas y mecánicas: matriz sólida conformada por una microescruestructura de fibras de celulosa entrecruzadas con hojuelas de almidón; superficie externa sin desprendimiento de polvo al contacto ni olor apreciable; densidad y porosidad promedio de 173,49 kg/m3 y 73,22%, respectivamente; capacidad de absorción de agua de 512%; estabilidad térmica hasta 120°C y aislamiento térmico hasta un diferencial de 50°C. En cuanto a los parámetros indicativos de amortiguación, la resistencia a la compresión fue 3,99 kg/cm2 de área con poca deformación (20% de altura original). Estas propiedades hacen competitivas las espumas obtenidas a partir del almidón de yuca nacional y papel reciclado, respecto a las espumas importadas disponibles comercialmente, y hacen factible su uso como excelente material aislante y absorbente para diversas aplicaciones en construcción, embalaje y relleno.  Palabras clave: Papel reciclado, surfactante, aislante térmico. ABSTRACT Waste solids reutilization is an alternative to save energy, water and raw materials necessary for an eco-economy of sustainable development. In that sense, solid foams were produced using cellulose from recycled Bond paper and cassava starch gel as liquid phase, stabilizing the system with surfactants (hydroxyethylcellulose as thickener and sodium lauril sulfate as foaming). The foam was prepared through the modified Rosse-Miller method, by aeration and strong stirring at 10,000 rpm for 5 min, and drying it in a tray oven. The optimum formulation was 15 g of cellulose, 15 g of cassava starch and a concentration of 0.3 mol/L of foaming; with the following structural, physical and mechanical features: solid matrix with cross linked microstructure between cellulose fibers and starch flakes; outer surface without dusting at contact and odorless; average density and porosity 173.49 kg/m3 and 73.22%, respectively; 512% of swelling; thermal stability up to 120 °C and thermal insulation with 50 ºC of differential temperature. With respect to cushioning parameters, compression strength was 3.99 kg/cm2, with a slight deformation (20% from original height). These properties make the foams obtained from national cassava starch and recycled paper, competitive compared to imported commercially available foams, and make possible their use as excellent absorbent insulating material for various applications in construction, packaging and filling. Key words: Recycled paper, surfactant, thermal insulation.

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Práticas educativas, maternidade e paternidade em famílias em situação de pobreza

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Práticas educativas em famílias em situação de risco : uma análise da experiência das mães em suas famílias de origem

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Práticas educativas em famílias em situação de risco : uma análise da experiência das mães em suas famílias de origem

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Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic : an international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks