Predicciones de variables hidrológicas en la Región Central Argentina

Con el devenir de los siglos, la mención de inundación adquirió una connotación negativa; ya no se la asocia con el efecto benéfico que le atribuían los antiguos egipcios, o sea, con el concepto de recurso, sino con los eventuales perjuicios que produciría en márgenes densamente pobladas, es decir, con el concepto de riesgo. En si una predicción no especifica cuándo se producirá un suceso hipotético crítico, sino, cual será la magnitud de este dada su duración y probabilidad. Por lo tanto, se asume que sucederá en algún momento de un período plurianual, vinculado con la planificación del área potencialmente afectable, lo cual torna improcedente asignarle fecha y hora. Esto la diferencia de un pronóstico, que anticipa el monto y el tiempo de ocurrencia, con el objeto de informar acerca del acontecimiento o inminencia de un fenómeno peligroso real durante una emergencia hídrica. La presente propuesta tiene como objetivo principal abordar el génesis de los eventos hidrológicos extremos, mediante la formación de recursos humanos propios, quienes se verán fortalecidos gracias a la colaboración de equipos técnicos especializados ajenos a nuestra institución académica, siendo estos equipos pioneros en abordar la problemática planteada. A su vez, se pretende generar una importante base de datos hidrológicos, la cual será empleada para validar y generalizar técnicas predictivas, brindando herramientas técnicas de validez y robustez comprobada, a todos aquellos entes responsables Vulnerabilidad del sistemade la planificación del uso del suelo, la gestión integrada del recurso hídrico, la defensa civil y la salud pública entre otros.Fil: Catalini, Carlos Gastón. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: García Rodríguez, Carlos Marcelo. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentin

Predicciones de variables hidrológicas en la Región Central Argentina

Con el devenir de los siglos, la mención de inundación adquirió una connotación negativa; ya no se la asocia con el efecto benéfico que le atribuían los antiguos egipcios, o sea, con el concepto de recurso, sino con los eventuales perjuicios que produciría en márgenes densamente pobladas, es decir, con el concepto de riesgo. En si una predicción no especifica cuándo se producirá un suceso hipotético crítico, sino, cual será la magnitud de este dada su duración y probabilidad. Por lo tanto, se asume que sucederá en algún momento de un período plurianual, vinculado con la planificación del área potencialmente afectable, lo cual torna improcedente asignarle fecha y hora. Esto la diferencia de un pronóstico, que anticipa el monto y el tiempo de ocurrencia, con el objeto de informar acerca del acontecimiento o inminencia de un fenómeno peligroso real durante una emergencia hídrica. La presente propuesta tiene como objetivo principal abordar el génesis de los eventos hidrológicos extremos, mediante la formación de recursos humanos propios, quienes se verán fortalecidos gracias a la colaboración de equipos técnicos especializados ajenos a nuestra institución académica, siendo estos equipos pioneros en abordar la problemática planteada. A su vez, se pretende generar una importante base de datos hidrológicos, la cual será empleada para validar y generalizar técnicas predictivas, brindando herramientas técnicas de validez y robustez comprobada, a todos aquellos entes responsables Vulnerabilidad del sistemade la planificación del uso del suelo, la gestión integrada del recurso hídrico, la defensa civil y la salud pública entre otros.Fil: Catalini, Carlos Gastón. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: García Rodríguez, Carlos Marcelo. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentin

Sensitivity and specificity of in vivo COVID-19 screening by detection dogs: Results of the C19-Screendog multicenter study

Trained dogs can recognize the volatile organic compounds contained in biological samples of patients with COVID-19 infection. We assessed the sensitivity and specificity of in vivo SARS-CoV- 2 screening by trained dogs. We recruited five dog-handler dyads. In the operant conditioning phase, the dogs were taught to distinguish between positive and negative sweat samples collected from volunteers’ underarms in polymeric tubes. The conditioning was validated by tests involving 16 positive and 48 negative samples held or worn in such a way that the samples were invisible to the dog and handler. In the screening phase the dogs were led by their handlers to a drive-through facility for in vivo screening of volunteers who had just received a nasopharyngeal swab from nursing staff. Each volunteer who had already swabbed was subsequently tested by two dogs, whose responses were recorded as positive, negative, or inconclusive. The dogs’ behavior was constantly monitored for attentiveness and wellbeing. All the dogs passed the conditioning phase, their responses showing a sensitivity of 83-100% and a specificity of 94-100%. The in vivo screening phase involved 1251 subjects, of whom 205 had a COVID-19 positive swab and two dogs per each subject to be screened. Screeningsensitivity and specificity were respectively 91.6-97.6% and 96.3-100% when only one dog was involved, whereas combined screening by two dogs provided a higher sensitivity. Dog wellbeing was also analysed: monitoring of stress and fatigue suggested that the screening activity did not adversely impact the dogs’ wellbeing. This work, by screening a large number of subjects, strengthen recent findings that trained dogs can discriminate between COVID-19 infected and healthy human subjects and introduce two novel research aspects: i) assessement of signs of fatigue and stress in dogs during training and testing, and ii) combining screening by two dogs to improve detection sensitivity and specificity. Using some precautions to reduce the risk of infection and spillover, in vivo COVID-19 screening by a dog-handler dyad can be suitable to quickly screen large numbers of people: it is rapid, non- invasiveand economical, since it does not involve actual sampling, lab resources or waste management, and is suitable to screen large numbers of people

Prescription appropriateness of anti-diabetes drugs in elderly patients hospitalized in a clinical setting: evidence from the REPOSI Register

Diabetes is an increasing global health burden with the highest prevalence (24.0%) observed in elderly people. Older diabetic adults have a greater risk of hospitalization and several geriatric syndromes than older nondiabetic adults. For these conditions, special care is required in prescribing therapies including anti- diabetes drugs. Aim of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness and the adherence to safety recommendations in the prescriptions of glucose-lowering drugs in hospitalized elderly patients with diabetes. Data for this cross-sectional study were obtained from the REgistro POliterapie-Società Italiana Medicina Interna (REPOSI) that collected clinical information on patients aged ≥ 65 years acutely admitted to Italian internal medicine and geriatric non-intensive care units (ICU) from 2010 up to 2019. Prescription appropriateness was assessed according to the 2019 AGS Beers Criteria and anti-diabetes drug data sheets.Among 5349 patients, 1624 (30.3%) had diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. At admission, 37.7% of diabetic patients received treatment with metformin, 37.3% insulin therapy, 16.4% sulfonylureas, and 11.4% glinides. Surprisingly, only 3.1% of diabetic patients were treated with new classes of anti- diabetes drugs. According to prescription criteria, at admission 15.4% of patients treated with metformin and 2.6% with sulfonylureas received inappropriately these treatments. At discharge, the inappropriateness of metformin therapy decreased (10.2%, P < 0.0001). According to Beers criteria, the inappropriate prescriptions of sulfonylureas raised to 29% both at admission and at discharge. This study shows a poor adherence to current guidelines on diabetes management in hospitalized elderly people with a high prevalence of inappropriate use of sulfonylureas according to the Beers criteria

Correction to: Prescription appropriateness of anti-diabetes drugs in elderly patients hospitalized in a clinical setting: evidence from the REPOSI Register

No abstract availabl

Statins, ACE/ARBs drug use, and risk of pneumonia in hospitalized older patients: a retrospective cohort study

: The aims of this study is to evaluate the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I), angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARBs) and/or statin use with the risk of pneumonia, as well as and with in-hospital and short-term outpatient mortality in hospitalized older patients with pneumonia. Patients aged 65 years or older hospitalized in internal medicine and/or geriatric wards throughout Italy and enrolled in the REPOSI (REgistro Politerapuie SIMI-Società Italiana di Medicina Interna) register from 2010 to 2019 were screened to assess the diagnosis of pneumonia and classified on whether or not they were prescribed with at least one drug among ACE-I, ARBs, and/or statins. Further study outcomes were mortality during hospital stay and at 3 months after hospital discharge. Among 5717 cases included (of whom 18.0% with pneumonia), 2915 (51.0%) were prescribed at least one drug among ACE-I, ARBs, and statins. An inverse association was found between treatment with ACE-I or ARBs and pneumonia (OR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.65-0.95). A higher effect was found among patients treated with ACE-I or ARBs in combination with statins (OR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.52-0.85). This study confirmed in the real-world setting that these largely used medications may reduce the risk of pneumonia in older people, who chronically take them for cardiovascular conditions

The management of acute venous thromboembolism in clinical practice - study rationale and protocol of the European PREFER in VTE Registry

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major health problem, with over one million events every year in Europe. However, there is a paucity of data on the current management in real life, including factors influencing treatment pathways, patient satisfaction, quality of life (QoL), and utilization of health care resources and the corresponding costs. The PREFER in VTE registry has been designed to address this and to understand medical care and needs as well as potential gaps for improvement. Methods/design: The PREFER in VTE registry was a prospective, observational, multicenter study conducted in seven European countries including Austria, France Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, and the UK to assess the characteristics and the management of patients with VTE, the use of health care resources, and to provide data to estimate the costs for 12 months treatment following a first-time and/or recurrent VTE diagnosed in hospitals or specialized or primary care centers. In addition, existing anticoagulant treatment patterns, patient pathways, clinical outcomes, treatment satisfaction, and health related QoL were documented. The centers were chosen to reflect the care environment in which patients with VTE are managed in each of the participating countries. Patients were eligible to be enrolled into the registry if they were at least 18 years old, had a symptomatic, objectively confirmed first time or recurrent acute VTE defined as either distal or proximal deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism or both. After the baseline visit at the time of the acute VTE event, further follow-up documentations occurred at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Follow-up data was collected by either routinely scheduled visits or by telephone calls. Results: Overall, 381 centers participated, which enrolled 3,545 patients during an observational period of 1 year. Conclusion: The PREFER in VTE registry will provide valuable insights into the characteristics of patients with VTE and their acute and mid-term management, as well as into drug utilization and the use of health care resources in acute first-time and/or recurrent VTE across Europe in clinical practice. Trial registration: Registered in DRKS register, ID number: DRKS0000479