Extraction of wood compounds by use of subcritical fluids

A study of the extraction of oak wood compounds with subcritical water-ethanol mixtures as extractant, with an ethanol content between 0-60%, is reported. Identification and characterisation of the extracted compounds have been made by spectrophotometry and gas chromatography with either flame ionisation or mass detectors. Extraction was performed statically manner by use of a single cycle or repeated cycles. All variables affecting the extraction process were studied and optimised. Extraction time and temperature are 60 min and 200ºC, respectively. Comparison of the extract thus obtained with commercial extracts showed the former to be rich in compounds characteristic of the commercial extracts. The method enables manipulation of the extract composition by changing the temperature and water/ethanol ratio used. It is faster than the traditional procedures for obtaining wood extracts

Two-parameter determination in vinegar by a flow injection-pervaporation system

A flow-injection method (FI) for the sequential determination of ethanol and acetic acid in vinegar is reported. The determination of ethanol is based on the oxidation of the pervaporated ethanol by Cr2O7K2. The acetic acid is determined by an acid-base reaction with Thymol Blue as the indicator. Both reactions are monitored photometrically at 600 nm using a single detector. Optimisation studies and assessment of the sequential FI method are also reported. The linear determination range is between 0-12 % (v/v) for ethanol and 0-10 % (grams of acetic acid in 100 ml) for acetic acid. The sample throughput of the sequential manifold is 7 per hour. The new method has been applied to vinegar samples and the results obtained are in excellent agreement with those from the reference methods used in Spain

Semiautomatic flow-injection method for the determination of volatile acidity in wines

A flow-injection (FI) method based on analytical pervaporation was assessed for its routine use in the determination of volatile acidity in winery laboratories. The new method was compared with both the official method and the Mathieu method, which is most often used in Spanish wineries, by testing 30 different wines, including young and aged, and sweet and dry wines from Montilla-Moriles appellation d´origine. The robustness of the new method was established and then all three methods were studied in terms of range of linearity and regression of the calibration curve, repeatability, reproducibility, sensitivity, detection and quantification limits (LOD and LQ, respectively) and time of analysis. The FI method surpasses the Mathieu method in reproducibility and both the Mathieu and official methods in LOD and LQ and sensitivity; it also requires less personnel involvement and shorter analysis time. The statistical criteria established by the “Office International de la Vigne et du Vin” were applied to the data and the results obtained indicated that the differences between the analytical parameters of the 3 methods are not significant and can be applied indistinctly. The correlation of the methods was studied by taking them 2 by 2, and the corresponding equations, coefficients and deviations confirmed the statistical results. Thus, the new method can be used in winery laboratories with clear advantages over its 2 counterparts (the routine and official methods)

Superheated liquids for the extraction of solid residues from winemaking processes

Solid residues from winemaking process have been subjected to extraction with superheated water-ethanol mixtures. Identification and characterisation of the extracted compounds have been made by spectrophotometry, gas chromatography with either flame ionisation or mass detectors and high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The extraction has been performed in a static manner by single or repetitive cycles. All variables affecting the extraction process have been studied and optimised. The extraction time and temperature are 65 min and 210ºC, respectively. Two phases constitute the extract: an aqueous phase, which is rich in phenol compounds and an oily phase, mainly formed by fatty acids. The method allows manipulation of the extract composition by changing the applied pressure, temperature, water-ethanol ratio and pH. The method is faster than the traditional extraction procedures for obtaining valuable compounds from these residues

Formulation of the Statement of Objections , presumption of innocence , due process , principle of lenity , rule of law, military promotion

El presente trabajo investigativo pretende indagar en el tema “La Formulación de Pliegos de Cargos y el Alcance de la Presunción de Inocencia con Respecto al Ascenso Militar”, el cual se desarrolla a partir del análisis e interpretación constitucional del artículo 97 del Decreto 1790 del 2000 y su injerencia en la Ley 578 del 2000. Específicamente, se pretende precisar si se vulnera el artículo 97 del mencionado Decreto, el cual trata del ascenso del personal restablecido en funciones, así como la violación al derecho fundamental de presunción de inocencia, al no permitirle al oficial o suboficial de las Fuerzas Militares ascender al grado superior por encontrarse implicado en una investigación penal o disciplinaria. De igual manera, se busca estudiar e interpretar los diversos planteamientos precisados por las Cortes a través de jurisprudencias en relación al alcance de la presunción de inocencia con respeto al ascenso del personal militar.This research work aims to investigate the theme of “The formulation of List of Charges and extent of the presumption of innocence with respect to the military promotion," which is itself Develops from Analysis and constitutional interpretation of Article 97 of Decree 1790 2000 and its interference in the Law 578 of 2000. specifically, it seeks to clarify whether Article 97 of the Decree, which is the promotion of staff tries restored in functions as well as the violation of the fundamental right of presumption of innocence is violated, by not allowing the officer or NCO of the Armed Forces up to the next grade, because they are involved in a disciplinary or criminal investigation. Likewise, it seeks to study and interpret the different approaches set out by the Parliament a Through jurisprudence in relation to the scope of the presumption of innocence with respect to the rise of military personnel

Dynamically Updatable Multiparty Session Protocols (Artifact)

Multiparty Session Types (MPST) are typing disciplines that guarantee the absence of deadlocks and communication errors in concurrent and distributed systems. However, existing MPST frameworks do not support protocols with dynamic unbounded participants, and cannot express many common programming patterns that require the introduction of new participants into a protocol. This poses a barrier for the adoption of MPST in languages that favour the creation of new participants (processes, lightweight threads, etc) that communicate via message passing, such as Go or Erlang. This artifact contains an implementation of Dynamically Updatable Multiparty Session Protocols, a new MPST theory (DMst) that supports protocols with an unbounded number of fresh participants, whose communication topologies are dynamically updatable. DMst guarantees deadlock-freedom and liveness. The artifact comprises a toolchain, GoScr (Go-Scribble), which generates Go implementations from DMst, ensuring by construction, that the different participants will only perform I/O actions that comply with a given protocol specification. We evaluate GoScr by (1) implementing representative parallel and concurrent algorithms from existing benchmarks, textbooks and literature; (2) showing that GoScr does not introduce significant overheads compared to a naive implementation, for computationally expensive benchmarks; and (3) building three realistic protocols (dynamic task delegation, recursive Domain Name System, and a parallel Min-Max strategy) in GoScr that could not be represented with previous theories of session types

GlSch: Observation Scheduler for the GLORIA Telescope Network

This paper proposes the design and development of a scheduler for the GLORIA telescope network. This network, which main objective is to make astronomy closer to citizens in general, is formed by 18 telescopes spread over four continents and both hemispheres. Part of the management of this network is made by the network scheduler. It receives the observation requests made by the GLORIA users and then sends it to the most suitable telescope. A key module of the network scheduler is the telescope decision algorithm that makes possible to choose the best telescope, and thus avoiding offering an observation to a telescope that cannot execute it. This paper shows two different telescope decision algorithms: the first one is only based on weather forecast, meanwhile the second one uses fuzzy logic and information from each network telescope. Both algorithms were deployed in the GLORIA network. The achieved results coupled with a comparative of their performance is shown. Moreover, the network scheduler architecture, based on a hybrid distributed-centralized schema, is detailed.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Destreza del personal de Salud en el manejo del Censo Gerencial en Atencion Prenatal, en el Parto, en el Purperio y Postnatal, en el Centro de Atencion Pierre Gross Jeans, El Tuma La Dalia, Matagalpa año 2017

Después de haber desarrollado este tema, la problemática sobre destrezas en el censo gerencial en atención prenatal en el parto, puerperio y postnatal se llegó a la conclusión que existe todavía mucha dificultad para el uso de esta herramienta en diferentes tipos de atenciones. Es una herramientas útil la cual se usa en las unidades de salud para el control de las mujeres en sus diferentes etapas iniciando desde el primer control de la embarazada, en el parto, en el puerperio y en su periodo postnatales, es de mucha utilidad para el personal de salud lo que permite identificar el universo de mujeres embarazadas, puérperas y postnatales, para realizar el seguimiento, evitando complicaciones obstétricas y reduciendo el índice de mortalidad materna en Nicaragua, ayuda facilitar la toma de decisiones oportunas, . El propósito de nuestra investigación fue constatar el conocimiento, verificar las acciones y valorar el momento de registro según la normativa y la aplicación de esta, durante la atención prenatal parto puerperio y posnatal en el puesto de salud Pierre Gross Jean en La Dalia, durante el año 2017. Se visitó el puesto de salud durante las prácticas enviada por la universidad el primer y segundo semestre para observar la calidad de registro en el censo gerencial así como el seguimiento en sus diferentes etapas. Se observó que en la mayoría de los controles prenatales puerperios posnatales y parto se realizó un registro adecuado de acuerdo a la normativa, aunque existen muchas dificultades en el cumplimiento del 100%, debido a diferentes factores, tanto como tiempo, recursos humanos necesarios y disposición del personal de salud y por lo que es de suma importancia que el personal médico y enfermería se involucre para un correcto uso de esta herramient