illa

El projecte illa (1) va començar en 2007 com una recerca de la memòria històrica de l'emigració gallega a la ciutat de Barcelona, i a través d'un mitjà específic: la fotografia. La idea principal part d'un retrat de la població gallega a partir d'un nexe conceptual comú en la llengua gallega i catalana constituït per la paraula illa amb tot el que implica dins d'una estructura espacial delimitada i definida en una ubicació específica. Va sorgir també com una forma de reconeixement personal de la similitud de dues llengües, el gallec i el català amb tot el que això implicava entorn a la barreja cultural i la redefinició de la identitat migratòria en l'espai de fora. A partir d'aquest concepte i altres com terra, xarxa, home, dona, percorrer, fixar, vaig iniciar una investigació sobre la migració i el concepte de mobilitat implicat en els canvis vitals, culturals, socials... La primera part del projecte es va basar en una història de vida d'un home i la seva companya qui després de trenta i cinc anys a Barcelona tornaven a Galicia amb la finalitat d'establir-s'hi definitivament. La formalització en imatges es va fer a través d'un llibre de fotos i text el qual narrava els dos últims dies al seu bar del carrer Ciutat enfront als primers dies al nou bar de Lugo. La segona part del projecte va derivar en una recerca del paper actiu de la dona gallega en l'emigració, treballant amb dones que van iniciar el seu viatge en les dècades dels seixanta, setanta, (vuitanta, noranta) i que actualment romanen a la ciutat, interessant-me pels motius que van incitar la migració i el canvi que va suposar en varies generacions la relació entre el medi rural i l'urbà. Vaig acostar-me a elles llavors a partir de les seves professions i vaig trobar-me amb tres col·lectius: les castanyeres, les domèstiques i les costureres. Partint de la informació obtinguda a partir d'entrevistes amb castanyeres, un ofici ja proper a desaparèixer, elles mateixes expliquen com a les zones cèntriques de la ciutat eren un grup organitzat el qual es reunia de tant en tant per a fer sopars i menjars típics gallecs, compartien necessitats i cedien el lloc a altres dones de la seva família quan es jubilaven. Degut al caràcter temporal, aquest treball el complementaven amb uns altres com els serveis de neteja o domèstics, postos (per exemple de gelats), o ingressos d'altres persones integrades al nucli familiar. L'ús de la fotografia com a testimoni front al canvi constitueix una base d'informació a partir de la qual datem la història de vida de les persones que abandonen el seu lloc de residència per a traslladar-se a altres ciutats on la dinàmica espai-temps comporta a variables que repercuteixen en els seus costums i donen pas a la reformulació identitària a molts nivells. L'objectiu de la meva proposta consisteix en l'anàlisi d'aquest canvi a partir de la mirada fotogràfica, treballant amb fotografies privades de dones que van emigrar a Barcelona en la segona meitat del segle XX, partint d'una metodologia que consisteix en la recerca de la seva última foto realitzada a Galicia i la primera realitzada a Barcelona. Veure documents relacionats a: http://www.antropologia.cat/quaderns-e-183 (1) Les fotografies de Nuria Castro Prieto es complementen amb un text de presentació del seu projecte fotogràfic i dialoguen amb un text d'Efrén Legaspi Bouza (inclòs al PDF que es troba a continuació), realitzat per a acompanyar-les, sobre la condició humana de l'emigrar

Global hyperactivation of enhancers stabilizes human and mouse naïve pluripotency through inhibition of CDK8/19 Mediator kinases

Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) transition between cell states in vitro and reflect developmental changes in the early embryo. PSCs can be stabilized in the naïve state by blocking extracellular differentiation stimuli, particularly FGF-MEK signaling. Here, we report that multiple features of the naïve state in human and mouse PSCs can be recapitulated without affecting FGF-MEK-signaling or global DNA methylation. Mechanistically, chemical inhibition of CDK8 and CDK19 kinases removes their ability to repress the Mediator complex at enhancers. Thus CDK8/19 inhibition increases Mediator-driven recruitment of RNA Pol II to promoters and enhancers. This efficiently stabilizes the naïve transcriptional program and confers resistance to enhancer perturbation by BRD4 inhibition. Moreover, naïve pluripotency during embryonic development coincides with a reduction in CDK8/19. We conclude that global hyperactivation of enhancers drives naïve pluripotency, and this can be achieved in vitro by inhibiting CDK8/19 kinase activity. These principles may apply to other contexts of cellular plasticity

Management of acute diverticulitis with pericolic free gas (ADIFAS). an international multicenter observational study

Background: There are no specific recommendations regarding the optimal management of this group of patients. The World Society of Emergency Surgery suggested a nonoperative strategy with antibiotic therapy, but this was a weak recommendation. This study aims to identify the optimal management of patients with acute diverticulitis (AD) presenting with pericolic free air with or without pericolic fluid. Methods: A multicenter, prospective, international study of patients diagnosed with AD and pericolic-free air with or without pericolic free fluid at a computed tomography (CT) scan between May 2020 and June 2021 was included. Patients were excluded if they had intra-abdominal distant free air, an abscess, generalized peritonitis, or less than a 1-year follow-up. The primary outcome was the rate of failure of nonoperative management within the index admission. Secondary outcomes included the rate of failure of nonoperative management within the first year and risk factors for failure. Results: A total of 810 patients were recruited across 69 European and South American centers; 744 patients (92%) were treated nonoperatively, and 66 (8%) underwent immediate surgery. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Hinchey II-IV on diagnostic imaging was the only independent risk factor for surgical intervention during index admission (odds ratios: 12.5, 95% CI: 2.4-64, P =0.003). Among patients treated nonoperatively, at index admission, 697 (94%) patients were discharged without any complications, 35 (4.7%) required emergency surgery, and 12 (1.6%) percutaneous drainage. Free pericolic fluid on CT scan was associated with a higher risk of failure of nonoperative management (odds ratios: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.2-19.9, P =0.023), with 88% of success compared to 96% without free fluid ( P <0.001). The rate of treatment failure with nonoperative management during the first year of follow-up was 16.5%. Conclusion: Patients with AD presenting with pericolic free gas can be successfully managed nonoperatively in the vast majority of cases. Patients with both free pericolic gas and free pericolic fluid on a CT scan are at a higher risk of failing nonoperative management and require closer observation

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

TFG 2015/2016

Amb aquesta publicació, EINA, Centre universitari de Disseny i Art adscrit a la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, dóna a conèixer el recull dels Treballs de Fi de Grau presentats durant el curs 2015-2016. Voldríem que un recull com aquest donés una idea més precisa de la tasca que es realitza a EINA per tal de formar nous dissenyadors amb capacitat de respondre professionalment i intel·lectualment a les necessitats i exigències de la nostra societat. El treball formatiu s’orienta a oferir resultats que responguin tant a paràmetres de rigor acadèmic i capacitat d’anàlisi del context com a l’experimentació i la creació de nous llenguatges, tot fomentant el potencial innovador del disseny.Con esta publicación, EINA, Centro universitario de diseño y arte adscrito a la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, da a conocer la recopilación de los Trabajos de Fin de Grado presentados durante el curso 2015-2016. Querríamos que una recopilación como ésta diera una idea más precisa del trabajo que se realiza en EINA para formar nuevos diseñadores con capacidad de responder profesional e intelectualmente a las necesidades y exigencias de nuestra sociedad. El trabajo formativo se orienta a ofrecer resultados que respondan tanto a parámetros de rigor académico y capacidad de análisis, como a la experimentación y la creación de nuevos lenguajes, al tiempo que se fomenta el potencial innovador del diseño.With this publication, EINA, University School of Design and Art, affiliated to the Autonomous University of Barcelona, brings to the public eye the Final Degree Projects presented during the 2015-2016 academic year. Our hope is that this volume might offer a more precise idea of the task performed by EINA in training new designers, able to speak both professionally and intellectually to the needs and demands of our society. The educational task is oriented towards results that might respond to the parameters of academic rigour and the capacity for contextual analysis, as well as to considerations of experimentation and the creation of new languages, all the while reinforcing design’s innovative potential

Geodivulgar: Geología y Sociedad 2018

Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFALSEsubmitte

Geodivulgar: Geología y Sociedad

Con el lema “Geología para todos” el proyecto Geodivulgar: Geología y Sociedad apuesta por la divulgación de la Geología a todo tipo de público, incidiendo en la importancia de realizar simultáneamente una acción de integración social entre estudiantes y profesores de centros universitarios, de enseñanza infantil, primaria, de educación especial y un acercamiento con público con diversidad funcional

Reaching consensus on communication of critical laboratory results using a collective intelligence method

There is no consensus in the literature about what analytes or values should be informed as critical results and how they should be communicated. The main aim of this project is to establish consensual standards of critical results for the laboratories participating in the study. Among the project's secondary objectives, establishing consensual procedures for communication can be highlighted. Consensus was reached among all participating laboratories establishing the basis for the construction of the initial model put forward for consensus in conjunction with the clinicians. A real-time Delphi, methodologyPostprint (author's final draft

Reaching consensus on communication of critical laboratory results using a collective intelligence method

There is no consensus in the literature about what analytes or values should be informed as critical results and how they should be communicated. The main aim of this project is to establish consensual standards of critical results for the laboratories participating in the study. Among the project's secondary objectives, establishing consensual procedures for communication can be highlighted. Consensus was reached among all participating laboratories establishing the basis for the construction of the initial model put forward for consensus in conjunction with the clinicians. A real-time Delphi, methodolog

Challenge 4: Ocean Health

15 pagesThe environmental state of the world ́s oceans is deteriorating, as the rate, speed and impacts of changes are larger, faster and more imminent than previously anticipated. A myriad of stressors, including those derived from climate change, such as warming, acidification, deoxygenation, and others anthropogenically driven like eutrophication, chemical pollution or proliferation of undesired populations (pathogens, harmful algal and jellyfish, among others) impact the oceans. There is an urgent need to understand the effects of these multiple stressors on ocean health and the implications for human health. In this chapter, we present specific actions required to achieve “healthier oceans”. The accomplishment of this challenge demands a multidisciplinary approach based on ocean monitoring, observation, experimentation and modelling, to assess physicochemical and biological environmental symptoms and to forecast the combined impact/s of the global stressor