Constructing Infinite Particle Spectra

We propose a general construction principle which allows to include an infinite number of resonance states into a scattering matrix of hyperbolic type. As a concrete realization of this mechanism we provide new S-matrices generalizing a class of hyperbolic ones, which are related to a pair of simple Lie algebras, to the elliptic case. For specific choices of the algebras we propose elliptic generalizations of affine Toda field theories and the homogeneous sine-Gordon models. For the generalization of the sinh-Gordon model we compute explicitly renormalization group scaling functions by means of the c-theorem and the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz. In particular we identify the Virasoro central charges of the corresponding ultraviolet conformal field theories.Comment: 7 pages Latex, 7 figures (typo in figure 3 corrected

Supersymmetric integrable scattering theories with unstable particles

We propose scattering matrices for N=1 supersymmetric integrable quantum field theories in 1+1 dimensions which involve unstable particles in their spectra. By means of the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz we analyze the ultraviolet behaviour of some of these theories and identify the effective Virasoro central charge of the underlying conformal field theories.Comment: 15 pages Late

Not all Online Sexual Activities Are the Same

Young people's use and participation in online sexual activities (OSA) has increased in the past two decades and has changed their behavior in the area of sexuality. The existing literature has some important limitations, concerning the assessment of the construct and its orientation toward problematic use, while ignoring its healthy use or social participation and its relationship with well-being. The main objective of this study was to analyze the relationships between the three types of OSA (compulsive, isolated, and social) proposed by Delmonico and Miller, as well as offline sexual behavior, and psychosexual well-being. It was also necessary to evaluate the factor structure of the Internet Sexual Screening Test (ISST). Participants were 1, 147 university students of both sexes, aged between 18 and 26 years, who completed a battery of online questionnaires. The main finding of the study is that, when controlling for other online sexual behavior, different types of OSA evaluated relate differently to offline sexual behavior and to psychosexual well-being, and that most young people made healthy use and participation of OSA. It also presents a new structure of the ISST. The discussion emphasizes the need to recognize the positive consequences of OSA to implement programs for the promotion of sexual health

MIGRAÇÃO DO CANAL NA PLANÍCIE FLUVIAL DO RIO CLARO – BACIA DO RIO ARAGUAIA, GOIÁS, BRASIL

Ambientes produzidos pela migração de meandros são altamente biodiversos. Erosão e deposição são processos inerentes em rios meândricos. Este trabalho identifica os processos de migração dos meandros em dois trechos do baixo rio Claro, afluente do rio Araguaia, entre 1988 e 2012, situados entre trechos retilíneos com forte controle estrutural. Verificou-se uma migração intensa, com predomínio do processo de expansão de meandros e ambienteis flúvio-lacustres provenientes do abandono de meandros

PT Invariant Complex E (8) Root Spaces

We provide a construction procedure for complex root spaces invariant under antilinear transformations, which may be applied to any Coxeter group. The procedure is based on the factorisation of a chosen element of the Coxeter group into two factors. Each of the factors constitutes an involution and may therefore be deformed in an antilinear fashion. Having the importance of the E(8)-Coxeter group in mind, such as underlying a particular perturbation of the Ising model and the fact that for it no solution could be found previously, we exemplify the procedure for this particular case. As a concrete application of this construction we propose new generalisations of Calogero-Moser Sutherland models and affine Toda field theories based on the invariant complex root spaces and deformed complex simple roots, respectively

Effectiveness and durability of chemical- and laser-based cleanings of lichen mosaics on schists at archaeological sites

Lichen mosaics on different-textured schists located in the Coa Valley (Portugal) and Siega Verde (Spain) archaeological sites were cleaned using different chemicals, namely ethanol (50% v/v in distilled water), benzalkonium chloride (3% v/v) or Biotin T® (3% v/v), and different Nd:YAG laser wavelengths (1064 nm or 266 nm). The surfaces were evaluated 24 h and 4 years after cleaning to determine its durability using colour spectrophotometry and Raman spectroscopy. Unlike lasers, chemicals achieved overall satisfactory results. Cleaning effectiveness, harmfulness and durability of chemicals were highly influenced by the orientation of the schistosity planes of the stone; in Siega Verde samples, the schistosity planes parallel to the surface contributed to a low impact of the methods on the surface colour and absence of lichen recolonization. Cleaning carried out upon the devitalization of lichens with benzalkonium chloride and Biotin T were maintained longer in both sites.Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUGMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. IJCI-2017-32771Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación | Ref. CGL2011-2278

Effective Field Theory for Layered Quantum Antiferromagnets with Non-Magnetic Impurities

We propose an effective two-dimensional quantum non-linear sigma model combined with classical percolation theory to study the magnetic properties of site diluted layered quantum antiferromagnets like La$_{2}$Cu$_{1-x}$M$_x$O$_{4}$ (M$=$Zn, Mg). We calculate the staggered magnetization at zero temperature, $M_s(x)$, the magnetic correlation length, $\xi(x,T)$, the NMR relaxation rate, $1/T_1(x,T)$, and the N\'eel temperature, $T_N(x)$, in the renormalized classical regime. Due to quantum fluctuations we find a quantum critical point (QCP) at $x_c \approx 0.305$ at lower doping than the two-dimensional percolation threshold $x_p \approx 0.41$. We compare our results with the available experimental data.Comment: Final version accepted for publication as a Rapid Communication on Physical Review B. A new discussion on the effect of disorder in layered quantum antiferromagnets is include

Usefulness of a rapid immunometric assay for intraoperative parathyroid hormone measurements

Intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IO-PTH) measurements have been proposed to improve operative success rates in primary, secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism (PHP, SHP and THP). Thirty-one patients requiring parathyroidectomy were evaluated retrospectively from June 2000 to January 2002. Sixteen had PHP, 7 SHP and 8 THP. Serum samples were taken at times 0 (before resection), 10, 20 and 30 min after resection of each abnormal parathyroid gland. Samples from 28 patients were frozen at -70ºC for subsequent tests, whereas samples from three patients were tested while surgery was being performed. IO-PTH was measured using the Elecsys immunochemiluminometric assay (Roche, Mannheim, Germany). The time necessary to perform the assay was 9 min. All samples had a second measurement taken by a conventional immunofluorimetric method. We considered as cured patients who presented normocalcemia in PHP and THP, and normal levels of PTH in SHP one month after surgery and who remained in this condition throughout the follow-up of 1 to 20 months. When rapid PTH assay was compared with a routine immunofluorimetric assay, excellent correlation was observed (r = 0.959, P < 0.0001). IO-PTH measurement showed a rapid average decline of 78.8% in PTH 10 min after adenoma resection in PHP and all patients were cured. SHP patients had an average IO-PTH decrease of 89% 30 min after total parathyroidectomy and cure was observed in 85.7%. THP showed an average IO-PTH decrease of 91.9%, and cure was obtained in 87.5% of patients. IO-PTH can be a useful tool that might improve the rate of successful treatment of PHP, SHP and THP.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Disciplina de EndocrinologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Disciplina de NefrologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Disciplina de Cirurgia de Cabeça e PescoçoUNIFESP, EPM, Disciplina de EndocrinologiaUNIFESP, EPM, Disciplina de NefrologiaUNIFESP, EPM, Disciplina de Cirurgia de Cabeça e PescoçoSciEL

Determination Of Fluid Viscosity And Femto Newton Forces Of Leishmania Amazonensis Using Optical Tweezers

The displacements of a polystyrene microsphere trapped by an optical tweezers (OT) can be used as a force transducer for mechanical measurements in life sciences such as the measurement of forces of living microorganisms or the viscosity of local fluids. The technique we used allowed us to measure forces on the 200 femto Newtons to 4 pico Newtons range of the protozoa Leishmania amazonensis, responsible for a serious tropical disease. These observations can be used to understand the infection mechanism and chemotaxis of these parasites. The same technique was used to measure viscosities of few microliters sample with agreement with known samples better than 5%. To calibrate the force as a function of the microsphere displacement we first dragged the microsphere in a fluid at known velocity for a broad range of different optical and hydrodynamical parameters. The hydrodynamical model took into account the presence of two walls and the force depends on drag velocity, fluid viscosity and walls proximities, while the optical model in the geometric optics regime depends on the particle and fluid refractive indexes and laser power. To measure the high numerical (NA) aperture laser beam power after the objective we used an integration sphere to avoid the systematic errors of usual power meters for high NA beams. After this careful laser power measurement we obtained an almost 45 degrees straight line for the plot of the optical force (calculated by the particle horizontal displacement) versus hydrodynamic force (calculated by the drag velocity) under variation of all the parameters described below. This means that hydrodynamic models can be used to calibrate optical forces, as we have done for the parasite force measurement, or vice-versa, as we did for the viscosity measurements.593017Ashkin, A., Dziedzic, J.M., Bjorkholm, J.E., Chu, S., Observation of a single-beam gradient force optical trap for dieletric particles (1986) Optics Letters, 11, pp. 288-290Ashkin, A., Dziedzic, J.M., Optical trapping and manipulation of viruses and bacteria (1987) Science, 235, pp. 1517-1520Greulich, K.O., (1999) Micromanipulation by Light in Biology and Medicine, , Basel, Boston, Berlin: BirkhäuserSakata-Sogawa, K., Direct measurement of DNA molecular length in solution using optical tweezers: Detection of looping due to binding protein interactions (1998) Eur. Biophys. J., 27, pp. 55-61Konig, K., Determination of motility forces of human spermatozoa using an 800 nm optical trap (1996) Cell. Mol. Biol., 42, pp. 501-509Barjas-Castro, M.L., Elastic properties of irradiated RBCs measured by optical tweezers (2002) Transfusion, 42, pp. 1196-1199Huruta, R.R., Mechanical properties of stored red blood cells using optical tweezers (1998) Blood, 92, pp. 2975-2977Felgner, H., Muller, O., Schliwa, M., Calibration of light forces in optical tweezers (1995) Appl. Optics, 34, pp. 977-982Svoboda, K., Block, S., Biological applications of optical forces (1994) Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomolec. Struct., 23, pp. 247-285Henon, S., Lenormand, G., Richert, A., Gallet, F., A new determination of the shear modulus of the human erythrocyte membrane using optical tweezers (1999) Biophys. J., 76, pp. 1145-1151Konig, K., Determination of motility forces of human spermatozoa using an 800nm optical trap (1996) Cell. Mol. Biol., 42, pp. 501-509Who, Whorld Health Organization, 2001Herwaldt, B.L., Leishmanias (1999) Lancet, 354, pp. 1191-1199Killick-Kendrick, R., The life-cycle of Leishmania in the sandfly with special reference to the form infective to the vertebrate host (1990) Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comp., 65 (1 SUPPL.), pp. 37-42Handman, E., Cell biology of Leishmania (2000) Adv. Parasitol, 44, pp. 1-39Happel, J., Brenner, H., (1991) Low Reynolds Number Hydrodynamics with Special Applications to Particulate Media, , Klumer, Dordrecht(1971) Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, , Chemical Rubber, ClevelandPurcell, E.M., Life at low Reynolds number (1977) Am. J. Phys., 45, pp. 124-13