fase 6 presentar y sustentar proyecto final logística de distribución de productos perecederos: Estudios de caso fuente de oro (Meta) y Viotá (Cundinamarca).

En el presente trabajo se aplicarán los conocimientos adquiridos sobre supply chain management y logística en el estudio de caso de Logística de distribución de productos perecederos, : estudios de caso Fuente de Oro (Meta) y Viotá (Cundinamarca).In this work, the knowledge acquired about supply chain management and logistics will be applied in the case study of Logistics of distribution of perishable products,: case studies Fuente de Oro (Meta) and Viotá (Cundinamarca)

Atrasentan and renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (SONAR): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Background: Short-term treatment for people with type 2 diabetes using a low dose of the selective endothelin A receptor antagonist atrasentan reduces albuminuria without causing significant sodium retention. We report the long-term effects of treatment with atrasentan on major renal outcomes. Methods: We did this double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial at 689 sites in 41 countries. We enrolled adults aged 18–85 years with type 2 diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)25–75 mL/min per 1·73 m 2 of body surface area, and a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR)of 300–5000 mg/g who had received maximum labelled or tolerated renin–angiotensin system inhibition for at least 4 weeks. Participants were given atrasentan 0·75 mg orally daily during an enrichment period before random group assignment. Those with a UACR decrease of at least 30% with no substantial fluid retention during the enrichment period (responders)were included in the double-blind treatment period. Responders were randomly assigned to receive either atrasentan 0·75 mg orally daily or placebo. All patients and investigators were masked to treatment assignment. The primary endpoint was a composite of doubling of serum creatinine (sustained for ≥30 days)or end-stage kidney disease (eGFR <15 mL/min per 1·73 m 2 sustained for ≥90 days, chronic dialysis for ≥90 days, kidney transplantation, or death from kidney failure)in the intention-to-treat population of all responders. Safety was assessed in all patients who received at least one dose of their assigned study treatment. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01858532. Findings: Between May 17, 2013, and July 13, 2017, 11 087 patients were screened; 5117 entered the enrichment period, and 4711 completed the enrichment period. Of these, 2648 patients were responders and were randomly assigned to the atrasentan group (n=1325)or placebo group (n=1323). Median follow-up was 2·2 years (IQR 1·4–2·9). 79 (6·0%)of 1325 patients in the atrasentan group and 105 (7·9%)of 1323 in the placebo group had a primary composite renal endpoint event (hazard ratio [HR]0·65 [95% CI 0·49–0·88]; p=0·0047). Fluid retention and anaemia adverse events, which have been previously attributed to endothelin receptor antagonists, were more frequent in the atrasentan group than in the placebo group. Hospital admission for heart failure occurred in 47 (3·5%)of 1325 patients in the atrasentan group and 34 (2·6%)of 1323 patients in the placebo group (HR 1·33 [95% CI 0·85–2·07]; p=0·208). 58 (4·4%)patients in the atrasentan group and 52 (3·9%)in the placebo group died (HR 1·09 [95% CI 0·75–1·59]; p=0·65). Interpretation: Atrasentan reduced the risk of renal events in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease who were selected to optimise efficacy and safety. These data support a potential role for selective endothelin receptor antagonists in protecting renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk of developing end-stage kidney disease. Funding: AbbVie

SOLATINA: a Latin-American Bee Research Association to foster the interactions between scientists and coordinate large-scale research programs

Bees (members of the super family Apoidea) are the main pollinators in modern agro-ecosystems, where they have a critical positive effect on yield improvement for about 75% of world's crops (Klein et al., 2007; Potts et al., 2016). However, there is evidence of a worldwide decline in the populations of wild bees, and numerous reports of high colony losses of managed bees, which may disrupt crop pollination, honey production and the reproduction of bee-pollinated wild plants (Potts et al., 2010), leading to negative social, economic and ecological effects (Potts et al., 2016). Latin America (hereafter, LA) is home to about 8 million managed honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera L.) which produce more than 200000 tons of honey annually (FAOSTAT, 2018). Several Latin American countries are among the global top 20 in terms of honey production and beehives stock, such as Argentina, Brazil and Mexico (García, 2018; Requier et al., 2018). Moreover, LA hosts a unique fauna of native bees, with about 5,000 identified species, including 391 species of the native stingless bees in the tribu Meliponini (Camargo & Pedro, 2008; Freitas et al., 2009). Some of those native stingless bees are managed since ancient times to produce honey through the practice of “Meliponiculture” (Jaffé et al., 2015). Latin American bee research has contributed to improve our understanding of problems relevant for apiculture, bee diversity and the causes of bee population decline in the region among other topics (see e.g., Maggi et al., 2016; Morales, Arbetman, Cameron, & Aizen, 2013; Vandame & Palacio, 2010). These scientific achievements are mostly the result of research efforts led by groups working independently rather than the product of cooperative research efforts between different countries. We argue that the strength, impact, and relevance of these research efforts, for apiculture and bees in the region, can be improved by promoting interactions between Latin American bee scientists and coordinating large-scale research programs.Fil: Antúnez, Karina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas "Clemente Estable"; UruguayFil: Requier, Fabrice. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro; ArgentinaFil: Aldea Sánchez, Patricia. Universidad Mayor; ChileFil: Basualdo, Marina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Producción Animal; ArgentinaFil: Branchiccella, Belén. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas "Clemente Estable"; UruguayFil: Calderón, Rafael. Universidad Nacional; Costa RicaFil: Correa Benítez, Adriana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Delgado Cañedo, Andres. Universidade Federal do Pampa; BrasilFil: Fuselli, Sandra Rosa. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Morales, Carolina Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Pérez Castro, Eleazar. Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú; PerúFil: Plischuk, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; ArgentinaFil: Porrini, Martín Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Segui Goncalves, Lionel. Universidad Federal Rural do Semiarido; BrasilFil: Tapia González, José María. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Torres, Alejandra. Universidad de Pamplona; ColombiaFil: Velarde, Rodrigo. Instituto Apícola Boliviano; BoliviaFil: Invernizzi, Ciro. Universidad de la República; Urugua

Proyecto Profesional 2 - II171 - 202100

Descripción: El curso Proyecto Profesional 2 es un curso de verificación de carácter teórico- práctico, dirigido a los estudiantes del onceavo ciclo, en el que el estudiante desarrolla un proyecto de Ingeniería Industrial bajo las condiciones, recursos y limitaciones de un trabajo real. El proyecto se concluye en el curso de Proyecto Profesional 3. El curso consiste en analizar eficazmente los métodos y herramientas que permitan resolver el problema encontrado, luego desarrolla la propuesta de mejora formulando alternativas, estableciendo criterios de evaluación, las evalúa y establece la mejor propuesta de solución dentro del ámbito de la Ingeniería Industrial. Propósito: El curso Proyecto Profesional 2 permite al estudiante desarrollar un proyecto de Ingeniería Industrial aplicando 1los conceptos, técnicas y herramientas aprendidos a lo largo de la carrera, bajo condiciones, recursos y limitaciones de un trabajo real. El curso contribuye directamente al desarrollo de las competencias generales Comunicación Oral, Comunicación Escrita, Pensamiento Crítico y Razonamiento Cuantitativo y las competencias específicas siguientes, todas a nivel de logro 3: (1) Capacidad de identificar, formular y resolver problemas complejos de ingenieria aplicando los principios de ingenieria, ciencia y matematicas. (2) Capacidad de aplicar el diseño de ingenieria para producir soluciones que satisfagan necesidades especificas con consideraciones de salud publica, seguridad y bienestar, asi como factores globales, culturales, sociales, ambientales y economicos. (4) Capacidad de reconocer responsabilidades eticas y profesionales en situaciones de ingenieria y emitir juicios informados que deben considerar el impacto de las soluciones de ingenieria en contextos globales, economicos, ambientales y sociales. (7) Capacidad de adquirir y aplicar nuevos conocimientos segun sean necesarios, utilizando estrategias de aprendizaje apropiados. Los requisitos del curso son: II167 Proyecto Profesional 1, IS221 Gerencia de Proyectos e II163 Seminario de Investigación Aplicada

Honeybee health in South America

Honeybees are essential components to modern agriculture and economy. However, a continuous increase in cases of colony losses and colony depopulation are being reported worldwide. This critical situation has put the fragile equilibrium between bees and plants on the edge. As a consequence, several scientists have begun to focus their lines of research on this issue. Most researchers agree that there is no single explanation for the observed colony losses. Instead, these losses result from a synergistic interaction between different stressors. South America is not the exception; several cases of colony losses and colony depopulation were reported by beekeepers throughout the continent, yet no accurate data has been published to date. Therefore, this article attempts to analyze the past and present situation of honeybee health in South America, specifically in Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, and Venezuela. Furthermore, it is intended to serve as a comparison to future colony losses, as well as to provide guidance for future hypothesis-driven research on the causes of colony mortality. We evaluate the impact of the main parasites and pathogens affecting honeybee colonies and discuss the role of each with respect to reported honeybee losses. We also contemplate the main challenges that each nation must confront with regards to honeybee health.Fil: Maggi, Matías Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Antunez, Karina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas "Clemente Estable"; UruguayFil: Invernizzi, Ciro. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Aldea, Patricia. Universidad Mayor. Facultad de Silvoagropecuaría. Centro de Emprendimiento Apícola; ChileFil: Vargas, Marisol. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Negri, Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Brasesco, Maria Constanza. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: de Jong, David. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Message, Dejair. Universidade Federal do Semiárido; BrasilFil: Texeira, Erica Weinstein. Agencia Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegocios; BrasilFil: Principal, Judith. Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado. Decanato de Ciencias Veterinarias. Estación de Apicultura; VenezuelaFil: Barrios, Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado. Decanato de Ciencias Veterinarias. Estación de Apicultura; VenezuelaFil: Ruffinengo, Sergio Roberto. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez Da Silva, Rafael. Universidad Mayor. Facultad de Silvoagropecuaría. Centro de Emprendimiento Apícola; ChileFil: Eguaras, Martin Javier. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentin