MODELO DE REGRESIÓN Y ESTADÍSTICA, PARA LA SINIESTRALIDAD DE AUTOS DE UNA EMPRESA, DENTRO DE LA VIGENCIA 2012 – 2013

Lo antes mencionado es el objetivo del trabajo, sin embargo a lo largo de las siguientes páginas, mencionaremos temas de suma importancia para comprender mejor el entorno y contexto del seguro y la importancia y relación que tiene con los análisis de su siniestralidad. En el capítulo 1 se hace una exposición breve de la historia del seguro desde la antigüedad, pasando por las diferentes etapas de su progreso y desarrollo hasta llegar a la época actual, conociendo la importancia de este en cada una de sus etapas. Así como también el impacto del seguro en la sociedad y en la economía del país, también se mencionarán temas de relevancia como son las leyes que regulan al sector asegurador y se conocerá el objeto del seguro. En este capítulo se incluirá un apartado en el cual mencionaremos las actividades de la compañía Lockton México y algunos datos relevantes respecto a esta, con la finalidad de ubicarla en el sector asegurador, esto como parte de los antecedentes del trabajo. En el capítulo 2, se introducirán algunos conceptos fundamentales del seguro, empezando por definir el riesgo, su clasificación y el tratamiento del mismo. Después se mencionará la definición del seguro, así como su clasificación, conceptos importantes para su comprensión y finalmente los ramos del seguro. Aunque se tocarán todos los ramos o por lo menos los más comunes en el mercado asegurador, solo nos delimitaremos a estudiar el análisis de siniestralidad del ramo de autos a través de un ejemplo, esto por cuestiones de experiencia en dicha área. En el capítulo 3 se adentrarán a la importancia de los estudios de siniestralidad y la relación de estos con el seguro, conociendo los datos que afectaron la siniestralidad de la empresa a analizar, así como un análisis con estadística descriptiva, identificaremos las variables que consideraremos para el modelo de regresión tanto las explicativas, como las dependientes y las variables dicotómicas y se proporcionarán los resultados de dicha estimación, la cual se realizará a través del programa estadístico denominado Eviews y la respectiva evaluación de resultados. Para finalizar en el capítulo 4 se incluirán las conclusiones, en donde se podrá corroborar que las variables consideradas no fueron las más asertivas y no tienen significancia relevante para explicar las causas por colisión y por rotura de cristales de la siniestralidad, así como las conclusiones del reporte estadístico en donde se indica que la empresa que se analizó tiene una siniestralidad relativamente sana. En otro apartado del capítulo 4 se menciona como se vincula la experiencia adquirida en el campo laboral a través de 4 años 2 meses con las áreas del plan de estudios cursado en la Licenciatura en Actuaría

Comparison of drying techniques for extraction of bioactive compounds from olive-tree materials

Olive tree vegetal materials are considered a powerful source for the isolation of bioactive compounds—mainly phenols and triterpenic acids. However, the high humidity content of them reduces their preservation and extractability to a liquid solvent. Accordingly, a drying step is crucial to homogenize the material and to obtain an efficient extraction. We studied the influence of the drying process on the extraction efficiency of bioactive compounds from olive vegetal material. For this purpose, we evaluated the effects of four drying processes on the solid–liquid extraction of bioactive compounds from two by-products, olive leaves and pomace, and olive fruits harvested from two cultivars, Alfafara and Koroneiki. Infrared-assisted drying (IAD) was the most suited approach to obtain extracts enriched in oleuropein from leaves (28.5 and 22.2% dry weight in Alfafara and Koroneiki, respectively). In the case of pomace, lyophilization and microwave-assisted drying led to extracts concentrated in oleacein and oleuropein aglycone, whereas IAD and oven-drying led to extracts with enhanced contents of hydroxytyrosol glucoside and hydroxytyrosol, respectively. The drying process considerably affected the chemical composition of extracts obtained from fruits. Changes in the composition of the extracts were explained essentially by the drying process conditions using auxiliary energies, temperature, and time, which promoted chemical alterations and increased the extractability of the compounds. Therefore, the drying protocol should be selected depending on the phenolic content and initial raw material

Transcriptomic analysis of the interaction geminivirus-tomato

Geminiviridae family is one of the main families of plant pathogenic viruses with large relevance as they cause great losses worldwide in commercial crops and crops destined to food production. Geminiviruses present a little single-stranded DNA genome and a capsid composed of two twin icosahedral parts. Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) belongs to the Begomovirus genus and is transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. With only 6 viral proteins, this geminivirus must create a proper environment for viral replication, transcription and propagation. Behind the apparent simplicity of geminiviruses lies a complex network of molecular interactions with their host and even their natural vector, which induces a wide variety of transcriptional, post-transcriptional and chromatinic changes in both the plant and the geminivirus. In order to study these changes and decipher the effects of the transmission vector on the infection, we carried out a global approximation of the TYLCV-tomato interaction to generate integrated single-base resolution maps by NGS (next-generation sequencing) of the transcriptome, smallRNAome and methylome of the pathogen and the host. Tomato plants (Moneymaker) were infected with TYLCV under controlled conditions of light and temperature using Agrobacterium tumefaciens or its natural vector. Apical tissue from these plants was collected at different time points (2, 7, 14 and 21 days after inoculation), and three biological replicas were generated for each treatment and time. Total RNA and DNA was extracted and analysed by RNA-Seq, smallRNA-Seq and Bisulfite-Seq. The transcriptome of the tomato-TYLCV interaction will be presented and discussed.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Study of the functional domains of the PTGS suppressor V2 from geminivirus Beet curly top virus (BCTV)

Geminiviruses constitute a group of plant viruses that infect vegetable crops all over the world. Among the Geminiviridae family, the genera Mastrevirus, Begomovirus and Curtovirus are the most abundant. Suppression of gene silencing is a key mechanism for viral infection in plants. In begomovirus, V2 is a strong posttranscriptional gene silencing suppressor. We recently showed that V2 from curtovirus Beet curly top virus (BCTV) is a PTGS suppressor by impairing the RDR6/SGS3 pathway, as V2 from begomovirus. In order to identify the domains involved in the suppression activity and viral pathogenicity, we performed an alignment of several begomovirus and curtovirus V2 proteins. A protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation motif essential for suppression activity in begomovirus (P1) was found in all analysed sequences. We also found similar hydrophobic profiles, with two hydrophobic domains (H1 and H2) followed by a long hydrophilic domain. Then we generated BCTV V2 mutant proteins and performed transient assays in Nicotiana benthamiana plants to test their suppression activity. We also expressed them from a Potato virus X-derived vector to check the symptoms produced. Additionally, their subcellular localization was determined. Finally, we produced BCTV viruses mutated in the different domains and N. benthamiana plants were infected, analysing virus levels and symptoms produced. The results showed that P1, H1 and H2 are involved in the suppression activity and viral pathogenicity.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Food Markets: A Motivation-Based Segmentation of Tourists

Food markets are becoming popular as new spaces for recreation, and this research aims to discover the motivations driving the tourists that visit these markets. Factorial analysis, cluster analysis and Student’s t-test were applied on 456 surveys from two food markets in Córdoba (Spain). Three motivational factors were obtained: Gastronomic experience and novelty; hedonism and leisure; and the relationship of the experience with work. Segmenting and analyzing the profile of the tourist may help economic agents develop new strategies for the tourism management of a destination and more accurate marketing and branding strategies that target specific customers with a niche message. The study could help develop products that align with tourists’ motives to increase satisfaction and loyalty

Sustainable Tourism as a Source of Healthy Tourism

Even though the World Tourism Organization described Sustainable Tourism as a tourism form that could contribute to the future survival of the industry, the current reality is quite different, since it has not been firmly established in society at expected levels. The present study analyzes which variables drive the consumption of this tourism type, taking tourist awareness as the key element. To this awareness, we must add the current crisis experienced by the tourism industry caused by COVID-19, since it can benefit Sustainable Tourism development, promoting less crowded destinations that favor social distancing. For this, the existing literature on Sustainable Tourism has been examined in order to create a model that highlights the relations among these variables. To determine the meaning of these relations, a sample of 308 tourists was analyzed through structural equation models using Partial Least Squares. The results show that there is a clear attitude on the part of the tourist to develop Sustainable Tourism, driven by the positive effects and motivation it entails, as well as the satisfaction the tourist perceives when consuming a responsible tourism type

Study of the PTGS suppressor activity of V2 protein from geminivirus Beet curly top virus

Suppression of gene silencing is a key mechanism for the success of viral infection in plants. DNA viruses from the Geminiviridae family encode several proteins that suppress post- and transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS/TGS). In Begomovirus V2 has been shown to be the strongest PTGS suppressor in transient assays. Beet curly top virus (BCTV), the model species for the Curtovirus genus, is able to infect the widest range of plants among geminiviruses. In this genus, only C2 protein has been described to inhibit PTGS and TGS. Objective: Our main goal is to test the PTGS suppressor activity of BCTV V2 and to study further its gene-silencing suppression mechanism. Material and methods: To determine whether BCTV V2 is also a gene silencing suppressor we carried out transient expression assays in Nicotiana benthamiana wild-type or the 16c GFP-expressing line: plant leaves were agroinfiltrated with binary constructs to express GFP (35S:GFP) and V2. Visual detection of GFP fluorescence was confirmed by western blot. Relative levels of the GFP-specific siRNAs were determined by northern blot. We also expressed the V2 ORF from a Potato virus X-derived vector in N. benthamiana plants. As an approach to identify a genetic target of V2 in the antiviral silencing pathway, we carried out a complementation analysis of BCTV-∆V2 in a series of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants deficient in specific components of this pathway involved in DNA virus siRNA production and amplification (DCL2, DCL3, DCL4, RDR6 and RDR2). Arabidopsis plants were infected by agroinoculation and the amount of viral DNA was measured by real-time qPCR. To gain more insight into the gene silencing suppression mechanism of V2, we generated Arabidopsis plants overexpressing the viral protein. Wild-type (Col-0) plants, as well as, plants containing the SUC-SUL hairpin or the AMPLICON (AMP) constructs were transformed with the same V2 expression cassette used for the gene silencing assays. Results: Like its begomoviral counterpart, BCTV V2 is a potent PTGS suppressor and produces an HR-like response in N. benthamiana plants when expressed from PVX. The molecular and genetic analysis of transgenic plants expressing V2 indicates that, as the begomoviral V2, BCTV V2 inhibits the RDR6/SGS3-dependent silencing pathway. Finally, infection assays in Arabidopsis mutants confirm the importance of the RDR6/SGS3 pathway in defence against curtoviruses, and reveal an additional RDR6/SGS3-independent gene-silencing suppression mechanism of V2. Conclusions: BCTV V2, as begomovirus V2 protein, suppresses PTGS by impairing the RDR6/SGS3 pathway. Keywords: Geminivirus, BCTV V2, RNA-silencing suppressor.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Satisfacción, expectativas y fidelidad del turista en Sevilla, España

La inmensa mayoría de los estudios de investigación sobre la satisfacción del turista han analizado este aspecto en destinos turísticos donde existe una tipología de turismo concreta (sol y playa o cultural). Sin embargo, existe una investigación limitada en la identificación de los factores que influyen en la satisfacción, expectativas y fidelidad del turista en destinos turísticos competitivos a nivel internacional en distintos segmentos turísticos. Este artículo desarrolla los resultados de un estudio realizado en Sevilla (España) para determinar las variables que influyen en la satisfacción, expectativas y fidelidad del turista que visita esta ciudad

Exogenous ABA increases yield in field-grown wheat with moderate water restriction

Water stress is one of the most important environmental factors that regulate a plant's growth and development. In agronomic practice the effects of water stress are translated into low yield and/or reduced quality. Abscisic acid (ABA) sprays (1 mM) were applied to wheat plants at different phenological stages and the effects on several physiological variables and on yield were evaluated under field conditions at different water regimes. Studies were conducted in the field across three consecutive winter-spring seasons. ABA treatments were applied at the beginning of shoot enlargement and repeated at anthesis. Exogenous ABA increased shoot dry weight and maintained a high concentration of photosynthetic pigments for a longer period of time during grain growth and maturation. Although ABA applications increased stomatal closure immediately after its application, the longer-term effect was to allow for a greater ostiolar opening of the stomatal pore which resulted in increased conductance of gases and water vapor. ABA also improved the transport of photoassimilates from the leaves and stem to the developing grains, that is, it effectively increased the sink strength of the grains. This correlated with a yield increase without significantly changing the protein quality in the grains. Thus, elevated ABA levels from exogenous application or genetic selection could help improve agricultural production of grains in arid areas where irrigation is not possible.Fil: Travaglia, Claudia Noemi. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Reinoso, Herminda Elmira. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Cohen, Ana Carmen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Luna, Celina Mercedes. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Fitopatología y Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Tommasino, Exequiel Arturo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Fitopatología y Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Castillo, Carlos. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Bottini, Ambrosio Ruben. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentin

Whole genome, transcriptome, smallRNAome and methylome profiling during tomato-geminivirus interaction

Contribución a congresoTomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) belongs to the Begomovirus genus and istransmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. With only seven viral proteins, TYLCV must create a proper environment for viral replication, transcription, and propagation. Behind the apparent simplicity of geminiviruses lies a complex network of molecular interactions with their host and their natural vector, which induces a wide variety of transcriptional, post-transcriptional and chromatin changes in the host. To understand this virus-host interaction at a genetic and epigenetic level, we carried out a global approach to generate the transcriptome, smallRNAome and methylome of the TYLCV-tomato interaction. Total RNA and DNA was extracted from tomato infected plants (three biological replicates) and analysed at 2, 7, 14 and 21-day postinfection (dpi). Analysis of the changes in host transcription during the infection and its correlation with changes in sRNA profiles (microRNA and phasiRNA) and DNA methylation patterns will be presented and discussed.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech