Actitudes y prácticas en estudiantes con dismenorrea de la escuela profesional de obstetricia de la universidad privada Antenor Orrego - 2019

Con el objetivo de determinar las actitudes y prácticas en estudiantes con dismenorrea de la Escuela Profesional de Obstetricia de la Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego-Trujillo 2019, se realizó la presente investigación, de tipo observacional, diseño descriptivo simple, en una muestra de 84 alumnas seleccionadas por muestreo aleatorio simple, a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta sobre actitudes y prácticas; la encuesta fue validada mediante el juicio de expertos, con una validez según el coeficiente V de Aiken, de 0.919, la confiabilidad a través de una prueba piloto según el Alfa de Cronbach de = 0.863. La edad promedio de las estudiantes encuestadas fue de 19.8 ± 2.5 años, el 65.5% procede de zona urbana; el I ciclo predominó en un 32.1%; la menarquia de las estudiantes fue en un promedio de edad de 12.2 ±1.2 años. Los tipos de actitudes de las estudiantes con dismenorrea fueron cognitivas negativas 84.5%, afectivas negativas 70.2%; conductuales negativas 57.1% y las actitudes generales predominó en un 70.2 % de forma negativa; los tipos de las prácticas fueron 86.9% inadecuadas y 13.1% adecuadas; de acuerdo a las actitudes y prácticas por ciclo según las estudiantes con dismenorrea se encontró que predomina un 87.5% de actitudes negativas dentro del III ciclo y en un 100% de prácticas inadecuadas entre el IV y VI ciclo. Se concluye que las actitudes en estudiantes con dismenorrea en general son negativas en un 70.2% y las prácticas inadecuadas en un 86.9%.With the objective of determining the attitudes and practices of students with the design of the Professional School of Obstetrics of the Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego-Trujillo 2019, the present investigation was carried out, of observational type, simple descriptive design, in a sample of 84 selected students By simple random sampling, to whom a survey about attitudes and practices was applied; The survey was validated by means of an expert judgment, with a duration according to the Aiken V coefficient, of 0.919, the reliability through a pilot test according to the Cronbach's Alpha of = 0.863. The average age of the students surveyed was 19.8 ± 2.5 years, 65.5% comes from urban area; The cycle dominated by 32.1%; The menarche of the students had an average age of 12.2 ± 1.2 years. The types of attitudes of the students with dysmenorrhea were negative cognitive 84.5%, affective negative 70.2%; negative behavior 57.1% and the general attitudes predomínate in a 70.2% of negative form; The types of practices of students with dysmenorrhea were 86.9% inadequate and 13.1% adequate; according to the attitudes and practices of the cycle according to the students with dysmenor, 87.5% of the negative attitudes in cycle III and in 100% of inadequate practices between cycles IV and VI predominate. It is concluded that attitudes in students with dysmenorrhea in general are negative in 70.2% and inappropriate practices in 86.9%.Tesi

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries