28 research outputs found

    Diagn贸stico de las lesiones mamarias detectadas en cribado poblacional de c谩ncer de mama mediante mamograf铆a . ABBI: nuevo instrumento de biopsia histol贸gica por punci贸n

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    El presente documento presenta una revisi贸n narrativa de los procedimientos de diagn贸stico de lesiones mamarias detectadas en cribado poblacional de c谩ncer de mama mediante mamograf铆a y analiza los procedimientos de punci贸n biopsia con aguja gruesa.Diagn贸stico de lesiones mamarias detectadas en cribado poblacional de c谩ncer de mama mediante mamograf铆a, Introducci贸n, Pruebas utilizadas en el diagn贸stico inicial de lesiones de mama detectadas en mamograf铆a, Lesi贸n palpable, Lesi贸n no palpable, Nuevos instrumentos de biopsia histol贸gica por punci贸n, Fuentes de la presente revisi贸n, Biopsia histol贸gica por punci贸n mediante estereotaxia, Biopsia histol贸gica por punci贸n vs. otros procedimientos de diagn贸stico de lesiones mamarias, Biopsia histol贸gica por punci贸n vs. punci贸n por aspiraci贸n, Biopsia histol贸gica por punci贸n vs. biopsia histol贸gica por punci贸n; biopsia m煤ltiple, Biopsia histol贸gica por punci贸n vs. cirug铆a escisional, Limitaciones de la evidencia sobre la exactitud diagn贸stica, Limitaciones en la evidencia de su efectividad terap茅utica, Limitaciones de la biopsia histol贸gica por punci贸n, Informe del US Joint Task Force, Sistema de biopsia por punci贸n asistida por vac铆o Descripci贸n t茅cnica, Resultados, Sistema ABBI (Advanced Breast Biopsy Instrumentation), Descripci贸n t茅cnica, Resultados, Limitaciones de la utilidad cl铆nica del ABBI, Exactitud diagn贸stica, Sesgos de los estudios de exactitud diagn贸stica, Caracter铆sticas tisulares y condicionantes diagn贸sticos, Manejo de casos dudosos, Consideraciones t茅cnicas del procedimiento, Evitar procedimientos ulteriores, Consideraciones en torno al seguimiento de casos, Complicaciones encontradas, Conclusiones, Est谩ndar de dise帽o de investigaci贸n de la exactitud de pruebas diagn贸sticas, T茅rminos sin贸nimos relativos a las t茅cnicas diagn贸sticas para la caracterizaci贸n de las lesiones de mama Bibliograf铆a, Bibliograf铆a no citada en el texto

    Pr贸tesis de hombro en indicaciones de procesos degenerativos o traumatol贸gicos: valoraci贸n de calidad de vida y actividad funcional como determinantes de la efectividad de esta situaci贸n articular

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    El objetivo de este informe es evaluar la efectividad de la pr贸tesis de hombro con la evidencia cient铆fica disponible, teniendo en cuenta no s贸lo los resultados en la efectividad de la intervenci贸n, sino tambi茅n y especialmente el impacto en la vida del paciente. Se realiz贸 una revisi贸n sistem谩tica, utilizando como fuente de datos las bases Medline, CINAHL y HealthStar desde 1998 a 2000.Resumen, Inahta Strcture Abstracts, Introducci贸n, Aplicaci贸n de los conceptos de deficiencia e incapacidad en la actualizaci贸n de la prestaci贸n de pr贸tesis de hombro en el Sistema Nacional de Salud Evoluci贸n hist贸rica de la sustituci贸n humeral, Opciones en el manejo del da帽o glenohumeral, Revisi贸n hist贸rica de la artroplastia Tipos de artroplastia, An谩lisis documental sobre estudios de calidad de vida en sujetos sometidos a protetizaci贸n de hombro, Metodolog铆a, Fondos bibliogr谩ficos consultados, Criterios de selecci贸n para el cribado documental, Criterios de clasificaci贸n, Resultados y discusi贸n Consideraciones generales, Instrumentos de evaluaci贸n, Estudio del estado de la sustituci贸n prot茅sica en Espa帽a, Metodolog铆a, An谩lisis y valoraci贸n, S铆ntesis general, Evidencia en estudios de valoraci贸n de calidad de vida por protetizaci贸n de hombro, Estado de la protetizaci贸n de hombro en Espa帽a, Conclusiones y recomendaciones, Evidencia en estudios de valoraci贸n de calidad de vida por protetizaci贸n de hombro Estado de la protetizaci贸n de hombro en Espa帽a, ANEXO: Escala e 铆ndices de valoraci贸n de resultados en sustituci贸n prot茅sica de hombro Valoraci贸n del hombro del Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS), Valoraci贸n del hombro de Constant, Valoraci贸n del hombro de Swanson Valoraci贸n del hombro de UCLA, Valoraci贸n del hombro de Neer, Valoraci贸n del hombro de American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), Referencias bibliogr谩fica

    Perioperative Complications and Long-Term Follow-Up of Liver Transplantation in Hemorrhagic Hereditary Telangiectasia: Report of Three Cases and Systematic Review

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    The aim was to describe three patients with hemorrhagic hereditary telangiectasia (HHT) requiring liver transplantation (LT) and to perform a systematic review focusing on surgical complications and long-term follow-up. Unrestricted searches of the Medline and Embase databases were performed through February 2022. Forty-five studies were selected including 80 patients plus the three new reported patients, 68 (81.9%) were female and mean age was 50 (27-72) years. Main indications for LT were high-output cardiac failure (n = 40; 48.2%), ischemic cholangitis (n = 19; 22.9%), and a combination of both conditions (n = 13;15.6%). Mean cold ischemic time and red blood cell units transfused during LT were 554 (300-941) minutes and 11.4 (0-88) units, respectively. Complications within 30 days were described in 28 (33.7%) patients, mainly bleeding complications in 13 patients, hepatic artery (HA) thrombosis in four and hepatic vein thrombosis in one. Mean follow-up was 76.4 (1-288) months, and during it, four new patients developed thrombotic complications in HA, HA aneurysm, celiac artery, and the portal-splenic-mesenteric vein. HHT relapse in the transplant allograft was detected in 13 (17.1%) patients after 1-19 years (including two fatal recurrences). Overall mortality was 12%. In conclusion, previous assessment of HA anatomy and hyperdynamic circulatory state could reduce LT complications. The risk of relapse in the hepatic graft supports a multidisciplinary follow-up for HHT patients with LT

    Pr贸tesis endovasculares (Stents) en el tratamiento de la arteriopat铆a perif茅rica de los miembros inferiores

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    Con el t茅rmino enfermedad arterial perif茅rica (EAP) o arteriopat铆a perif茅rica designamos la patolog铆a estenosante u oclusiva de las arterias de los miembros inferiores. La etiolog铆a m谩s frecuente de la EAP es la arteriosclerosis, que se manifiesta cl铆nicamente mediante signos y s铆ntomas de claudicaci贸n intermitente o m谩s severos (isquemia cr铆tica de la extremidad). Desde el punto de vista terap茅utico, la eliminaci贸n de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular contribuye en algunos casos a la prevenci贸n e incluso a la estabilizaci贸n de esta enfermedad. Sin embargo, en otros casos hay que recurrir a procedimientos intervencionistas endovasculares o a la cirug铆a convencional para el tratamiento de la enfermedad. Entre los procedimientos endovasculares, la angioplastia transluminal percut谩nea (ATP) se considera actualmente como la referencia terap茅utica, pero debido a las complicaciones y fracasos de esta t茅cnica, la aparici贸n de las pr贸tesis endovasculares (PEVs) ha ampliado las posibilidades de tratamiento de estos pacientes. El objetivo de este informe es establecer, de acuerdo con la evidencia cient铆fica disponible y el juicio de expertos, el nivel de seguridad, eficacia y efectividad de las pr贸tesis endovasculares, en los pacientes con arteriopat铆a perif茅rica de los miembros inferiores, compar谩ndolo con el de la angioplastia transluminal percut谩nea, as铆 como con la cirug铆a convencional.Introducci贸n y metodolog铆a, Enfermedad arterial perif茅rica, Cl铆nica Epidemiolog铆a, Alternativas terap茅uticas, Tratamiento conservador Tratamiento quir煤rgico, Angioplastia transluminal percut谩nea, Pr贸tesis endovasculares, Pr贸tesis no cubiertas, Pr贸tesis expandibles con bal贸n Pr贸tesis autoexpandibles, Otras pr贸tesis, Pr贸tesis cubiertas, T茅cnica de implantaci贸n, Contribuci贸n de las t茅cnicas endovasculares al tratamiento de la EAP, Informaci贸n deducida de las series de caso Angioplastia transluminal percut谩nea, Lesiones il铆acas, Lesiones femoropopl铆teas, Pr贸tesis endovasculares, Lesiones il铆acas, Indicaciones primarias (como t茅cnica inicial), Indicaciones secundarias Factores pron贸sticos, Lesiones femoropopl铆teas, Cirug铆a convencional Resultados de los estudios comparativos, Angioplastia transluminal percut谩nea vs cirug铆a convencional, Angioplastia transluminal percut谩nea vs pr贸tesis endovasculares, Resumen, Lesiones il铆acas, Lesiones femoropopl铆teas, Conclusione

    Long-term use of somatostatin analogs for chronic gastrointestinal bleeding in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

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    BackgroundChronic bleeding due to gastrointestinal (GI) involvement in patients with hemorrhagic hereditary telangiectasia (HHT) can provoke severe anemia with high red blood cells (RBC) transfusion requirements. However, the evidence about how to deal with these patients is scarce. We aimed to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of somatostatin analogs (SA) for anemia management in HHT patients with GI involvement. MethodsThis is a prospective observational study including patients with HHT and GI involvement attended at a referral center. SA were considered for those patients with chronic anemia. Anemia-related variables were compared in patients receiving SA before and during treatment. Patients receiving SA were divided into responders (patients with minimal hemoglobin levels improvement >10 g/L and maintaining hemoglobin levels >= 80 g/L during treatment), and non-responders. Adverse effects during follow-up were collected. ResultsAmong 119 HHT patients with GI involvement, 67 (56.3%) received SA. These patients showed lower minimal hemoglobin levels (73 [60-87] vs. 99 [70.2-122.5], p < 0.001), and more RBC transfusion requirements (61.2% vs. 38.5%, p = 0.014) than patients without SA therapy. Median treatment period was 20.9 +/- 15.2 months. During treatment, there was a statistically significant improvement in minimum hemoglobin levels (94.7 +/- 29.8 g/L vs. 74.7 +/- 19.7, p < 0.001) and a reduction of patients with minimal hemoglobin levels <80 g/L (39 vs. 61%, p = 0.007) and RBC transfusions requirement (33.9% vs. 59.3%, p < 0.001). Sixteen (23.9%) patients showed mild adverse effects, mostly diarrhea or abdominal pain, leading to treatment discontinuation in 12 (17.9%) patients. Fifty-nine patients were eligible for efficacy assessment and 32 (54.2%) of them were considered responders. Age was associated with non-responder patients, OR 95% CI; 1.070 (1.014-1.130), p = 0.015. ConclusionSA can be considered a long-term effective and safe option for anemia management in HHT patients with GI bleeding. Older age is associated with poorer response

    A notable proportion of liver transplant candidates with alcohol-related cirrhosis can be delisted because of clinical improvement

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    Background & Aims To what extent patients with alcohol-related decompensated cirrhosis can improve until recovery from decompensation remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the probability of recovery and delisting due to improvement in patients with alcohol-related decompensated cirrhosis on the waiting list (WL) for liver transplantation (LT). Methods We conducted a registry-based, multicenter, retrospective study including all patients admitted to the LT WL in Catalonia (Spain) with the indication of alcohol-, HCV-, cholestasis- or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-related decompensated cirrhosis between January 2007 and December 2018. Competing-risk analysis was used to investigate variables associated with delisting due to improvement in patients with alcohol-related decompensated cirrhosis. Criteria for delisting after improvement were not predefined. Outcomes of patients after delisting were also studied. Results One-thousand and one patients were included, 420 (37%) with alcohol-related decompensated cirrhosis. Thirty-six (8.6%) patients with alcohol-related decompensated cirrhosis were delisted after improvement at a median time of 29 months after WL admission. Lower model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, higher platelets and either female sex or lower height were independently associated with delisting due to improvement, while time of abstinence did not reach statistical significance in multivariate analysis (p = 0.055). Five years after delisting, the cumulative probability of remaining free from liver-related death or LT was 76%, similar to patients with HCV-related decompensated cirrhosis delisted after improvement. Conclusions A significant proportion of LT candidates with alcohol-related cirrhosis can be delisted due to improvement, which is predicted by low MELD score and higher platelet count at WL admission. Women also have a higher probability of being delisted after improvement, partially due to reduced early access to LT for height discrepancies. Early identification of patients with potential for improvement may avoid unnecessary transplants. Lay summary Patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis can improve until being delisted in approximately 9% of cases. Low model for end-stage liver disease score and high platelet levels at admission predict delisting after improvement, and women have higher probabilities of being delisted due to improvement. Long-term outcomes after delisting are generally favorable

    脥ndices y escalas utilizados en ciertas tecnolog铆as de la prestaci贸n ortoprot茅sica (protetizaci贸n del Sistema Orteoarticular)

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    El presente trabajo pretende ofrecer al lector un inventario de 铆ndices o escalas que se hayan empleado como instrumentos de medici贸n de resultados en intervenciones de protetizaci贸n del sistema osteoarticular, descriptivo de las escalas identificadas, sus propiedades psicom茅tricas, los usos detectados y las fuentes de acceso a las mismas.Introducci贸n, Escalas gen茅ricas, Escalas espec铆ficas, Escalas espec铆ficas utilizadas en protetizaci贸n de cadera, Escalas espec铆ficas utilizadas en protetizaci贸n de rodilla, Escalas espec铆ficas utilizadas en protetizaci贸n de tobillo, Escalas espec铆ficas utilizadas en protetizaci贸n de pie, Escalas espec铆ficas utilizadas en protetizaci贸n de hombro, Escalas espec铆ficas utilizadas en protetizaci贸n de codo Escalas espec铆ficas utilizadas en protetizaci贸n de mu帽eca, Escalas espec铆ficas utilizadas en protetizaci贸n de mano, Escalas espec铆ficas utilizadas en protetizaci贸n de ligamentos, 脥ndice de escalas gen茅ricas 脥ndice de escalas espec铆ficas

    Preemptive-TIPS improves outcome in high-risk variceal bleeding : An observational study

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    Objective Patients admitted with acute variceal bleeding (AVB) and Child Pugh C score (CP\u2010C) or Child Pugh B plus active bleeding at endoscopy (CP\u2010B+AB) are at high risk for treatment failure, rebleeding and mortality. Preemptive TIPS (p\u2010TIPS) has been shown to improve survival in these patients but its use in clinical practice has been challenged and not routinely incorporated. The present study aimed to further validate the role of preemptive TIPS in a large number of high\u2010risk patients. Design Multicenter, international, observational study including 671 patients from 34 centers admitted for AVB and high\u2010risk of treatment failure. Patients were managed according to current guidelines and use of drugs and endoscopic therapy (D+E) or preemptive TIPS (p\u2010TIPS) was based on individual center policy. Results p\u2010TIPS in the setting of AVB is associated with a lower mortality in Child C patients compared to D+E (1 year mortality 22% vs 47% in D+E group; P=0.002). Mortality rate in CP\u2010B+AB patients was low and p\u2010TIPS did not improve it. In CP\u2010C and CP\u2010B +AB patients, p\u2010TIPS reduces treatment failure and rebleeding (1 year CIF\u2010probability of remaining free of the composite endpoint: 92% vs 74% in the D+E group; P=0.017), development of \u201cde novo\u201d or worsening of previous ascites without increasing rates of hepatic encephalopathy. Conclusion p\u2010TIPS must be the treatment of choice in CP\u2010C patients with AVB. Due to the strong benefit in preventing further bleeding and ascites, p\u2010TIPS could be a good treatment strategy for CP\u2010B+AB patients
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