Dental Malocclusion and Body Posture in Young Subjects: A Multiple Regression Study

OBJECTIVES: Controversial results have been reported on potential correlations between the stomatognathic system and body posture. We investigated whether malocclusal traits correlate with body posture alterations in young subjects to determine possible clinical applications. METHODS: A total of 122 subjects, including 86 males and 36 females (age range of 10.8-16.3 years), were enrolled. All subjects tested negative for temporomandibular disorders or other conditions affecting the stomatognathic systems, except malocclusion. A dental occlusion assessment included phase of dentition, molar class, overjet, overbite, anterior and posterior crossbite, scissorbite, mandibular crowding and dental midline deviation. In addition, body posture was recorded through static posturography using a vertical force platform. Recordings were performed under two conditions, namely, i) mandibular rest position (RP) and ii) dental intercuspidal position (ICP). Posturographic parameters included the projected sway area and velocity and the antero-posterior and right-left load differences. Multiple regression models were run for both recording conditions to evaluate associations between each malocclusal trait and posturographic parameters. RESULTS: All of the posturographic parameters had large variability and were very similar between the two recording conditions. Moreover, a limited number of weakly significant correlations were observed, mainly for overbite and dentition phase, when using multivariate models. CONCLUSION: Our current findings, particularly with regard to the use of posturography as a diagnostic aid for subjects affected by dental malocclusion, do not support existence of clinically relevant correlations between malocclusal traits and body postur

Diagnostic reliability of the cervical vertebral maturation method and standing height in the identification of the mandibular growth spurt

5siObjective: To evaluate the capability of both cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stages 3 and 4 (CS3-4 interval) and the peak in standing height to identify the mandibular growth spurt throughout diagnostic reliability analysis. Materials and Methods: A previous longitudinal data set derived from 24 untreated growing subjects (15 females and nine males,) detailed elsewhere were reanalyzed. Mandibular growth was defined as annual increments in Condylion (Co)-Gnathion (Gn) (total mandibular length) and Co-Gonion Intersection (Goi) (ramus height) and their arithmetic mean (mean mandibular growth [mMG]). Subsequently, individual annual increments in standing height, Co-Gn, Co-Goi, and mMG were arranged according to annual age intervals, with the first and last intervals defined as 7-8 years and 15-16 years, respectively. An analysis was performed to establish the diagnostic reliability of the CS3-4 interval or the peak in standing height in the identification of the maximum individual increments of each Co-Gn, Co-Goi, and mMG measurement at each annual age interval. Results: CS3-4 and standing height peak show similar but variable accuracy across annual age intervals, registering values between 0.61 (standing height peak, Co-Gn) and 0.95 (standing height peak and CS3-4, mMG). Generally, satisfactory diagnostic reliability was seen when the mandibular growth spurt was identified on the basis of the Co-Goi and mMG increments. Conclusions: Both CVM interval CS3-4 and peak in standing height may be used in routine clinical practice to enhance efficiency of treatments requiring identification of the mandibular growth spurt.openopenPerinetti, Giuseppe; Contardo, Luca; Castaldo, Attilio; Mcnamara, James A.; Franchi, LorenzoPerinetti, Giuseppe; Contardo, Luca; Castaldo, Attilio; Mcnamara, James A.; Franchi, Lorenz

Periapical healing after simplified endodontic treatments: A digital subtraction radiography study

Abstract Aim To evaluate the 6-month outcome of endodontic treatment of periapical lesions with integrated systems by clinical examination and digital subtraction radiography (DSR). Methodology Eighty-four patients with chronic periapical pathosis were randomly allocated to two groups and received endodontic treatment with Revo-S/One Step Obturator (G1, n = 41) or GTX/GTX Obturator (G2, n = 43). Six months later, clinical examination and DSR analysis were performed. Non-parametric statistical methods were used (p Results Total healing, partial healing and failure occurred in 48.4%, 48.4% and 3.2% of cases in G1, in 50.0%, 43.8% and 6.2% of cases in G2, respectively. No significant difference was detected. Conclusions The integrated endodontic techniques allowed for a high 6-month success rate in both groups in accordance with literature data

Quality of canal obturation assessed by micro-computed tomography: Influence of filling technique and post placement in canals shaped with Reciproc

Abstract Aim To assess by micro-computed tomography (μCT) the quality of fillings in canals shaped with Reciproc considering the effects of filling technique and post insertion. Methodology The canals of 60 single-rooted teeth were instrumented with Reciproc R40 and randomly assigned to four groups (n = 15): G1, single point; G2, as G1 + DT Light Post; G3, continuous wave of condensation; G4, as G3 + DT Light Post. The filling voids were quantified by μCT. Data were statistically analysed by non-parametric test (p Results Filling greater than 96% of the entire canal volume was observed in all groups. The volume of internal voids was greater in G3 than in G4 (p Conclusions Our findings support the use of simplified techniques of canal shaping, filling with matching taper points and post cementation

A two-year report of a comparative randomized controlled trial on the treatment of upper central incisors with periapical lesions

Aim To evaluate the two-year success rate of primary root canal treatment performed with two integrated shaping and filling systems on upper central incisors with chronic periapical pathosis. Methodology The trial enrolled 60 patients with an untreated maxillary central incisor presenting a chronic periapical lesion smaller than 5 mm in diameter, who were randomly assigned to two treatment groups: G1 (n = 30), Revo-S/One Step Obturator; G2 (n = 30) GTX/GTX Obturator. The patients underwent single-session root canal treatments by an experienced endodontist and were followed up for two years. The clinical evaluation entailed percussion and palpation tests. Two independent examiners rated the radiographic healing on the basis of a previously described scale. Comparability between groups in terms of baseline clinical parameters was tested with a Mann-Whitney test (age, apical gauging) and \u3c72 test (tenderness to percussion and palpation). The comparison of clinical data and radiographic healing scores between the groups and among time points was carried out with non-parametric statistical methods (p < 0.05). Results The two groups were comparable in terms of baseline clinical parameters. All patients were available for the re-evaluation after two years. Only one patient per group was positive to the clinical tests at the final recall. An improvement of radiographic healing scores along the follow-up period was observed. After two years, the lesions were scored as totally healed, partially healed and not healed in 93.3%, 3.3% and 3.3% of cases in G1 and in 93.3%, 0% and 6.7% of cases in G2, without pointing out statistically significant differences between groups. Conclusions Both the two tested integrated shaping and filling systems proved to be effective for the treatment of upper central incisors with periapical pathosis. When monitoring the healing of periapical lesions, follow-up times longer than one year may be required to observe complete healing

Trattamenti endodontici semplificati di lesioni periapicali: valutazione del risultato clinico con Digital Subtraction Radiography

RiassuntoObiettiviValutare la guarigione di lesioni periapicali dopo sei mesi dal trattamento con sistemi integrati di strumentazione e otturazione canalare.Materiali e metodiSessanta pazienti con lesione periapicale sono stati assegnati a gruppi di trattamento (n=30) con sistema RevoS+One Step Obturator (G1) o con GTX+GTX Obturator (G2). La guarigione è stata valutata a sei mesi clinicamente e con Digital Subtraction Radiography (test non parametrici, p0,05).ConclusioniIl successo a sei mesi è alto e in linea coi dati della letteratura. Le tecniche semplificate considerate sono efficaci nel trattamento di lesioni periapicali.SummaryAimTo assess the healing of periapical lesions six months after the treatment with integrated systems for root canal shaping and filling.MethodologySixty patients with periapical lesion were randomly assigned to two treatment groups (n=30) with RevoS+One Step Obturator (G1) or GTX+GTX Obturator (G2). Healing was assessed by clinical examination and Digital Subtraction Radiography after six months (non-parametric tests, p0.05).ConclusionsThe six-month success was high and consistent with previously reported findings. The considered simplified techniques are effective for the treatment of periapical lesions

Mannose-binding lectin genetic analysis: possible protective role of the HYPA haplotype in the development of recurrent urinary tract infections in men

SummaryFactors related to bacterial virulence and/or to the host have been implicated in the pathogenesis of recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI), but in most cases the cause is unknown. Mannose binding lectin (MBL) is an acute phase glycoprotein that exerts immunological functions by binding to the surface of a variety of pathogens. Some human gene variants reduce MBL activity thereby predisposing the host to bacterial and viral infections. The aim of this study was to investigate MBL2 gene variants in relation to rUTI risk. Six MBL gene variants and seven haplotypes were analyzed by PCR and direct sequencing in rUTI patients (n = 83) and in healthy subjects from southern Italy (n = 642). The frequencies of the L allele (−550) and the HYPA haplotype were higher in controls than in patients stratified according to sex (p < 0.05). Our data indicate that the HYPA haplotype in the MBL2 gene could be associated with a minor risk of developing rUTI in males

Combined aging effects of strain and thermocycling on unload deflection modes of nickel-titanium closed-coil springs. An in-vitro comparative study.

5Introduction: There are no reports on the aging effects of thermocycling of nickel-titanium (NiTi) based coil springs, and few studies have investigated their superelasticity phases in full. In this study, we compared the mechanical properties of NiTi-based closed-coil springs after the combined aging effects of prolonged strain and thermocycling, as a reflection of the clinical situation. METHODS: Ninety NiTi-based closed-coil springs were used, 30 each of the following types: (1) Nitinol (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif), (2) Ni-Ti (Ormco, Glendora, Calif), and (3) RMO (Rocky Mountain Orthodontics, Denver, Colo); all had similar dimensions (length, 12 mm). In each sample group, 2 equal subgroups of 15 coil springs were extended by either 50% (to 18 mm) or 150% (to 30 mm), immersed in artificial saliva, and kept at 37°C for 45 days. All springs underwent sessions of 1000 thermocycles (1 minute long) from 5°C to 55°C on days 22 and 45. Unload deflection curves from both the 50% and 150% extIntroduction: There are no reports on the aging effects of thermocycling of nickel-titanium (NiTi) based coil springs, and few studies have investigated their superelasticity phases in full. In this study, we compared the mechanical properties of NiTi-based closed-coil springs after the combined aging effects of prolonged strain and thermocycling, as a reflection of the clinical situation. METHODS: Ninety NiTi-based closed-coil springs were used, 30 each of the following types: (1) Nitinol (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif), (2) Ni-Ti (Ormco, Glendora, Calif), and (3) RMO (Rocky Mountain Orthodontics, Denver, Colo); all had similar dimensions (length, 12 mm). In each sample group, 2 equal subgroups of 15 coil springs were extended by either 50% (to 18 mm) or 150% (to 30 mm), immersed in artificial saliva, and kept at 37°C for 45 days. All springs underwent sessions of 1000 thermocycles (1 minute long) from 5°C to 55°C on days 22 and 45. Unload deflection curves from both the 50% and 150% extensions (according to their strain subgroups) were recorded by using a universal testing machine before the strain (baseline) and at both 22 and 45 days, immediately after thermocycling. RESULTS: At baseline, the loads exerted by the NiTi-based coil springs varied from 99.8 to 245.1 gf for the RMO (50% strain) and Ni-Ti (150% strain) groups. Statistically significant, although small, differences were seen at each time point in both the 50% and 150% strain subgroups; generally, the highest and lowest values were recorded in the Ni-Ti and Nitinol groups (all, P <0.001). Only the Nitinol coil-spring group showed an acceptable superelasticity phase. The strain and thermocycling did not dramatically change the deactivation forces of any coil springs. CONCLUSIONS: NiTi-based closed-coil springs might not have a superelasticity phase, and prolonged strain and thermocycling do not produce clinically relevant alterations in their deactivation forces.nonemixedVidoni G.; Perinetti G.; Antoniolli F.; Castaldo A.; Contardo L.Vidoni, Gabriele; Perinetti, Giuseppe; Antoniolli, F.; Castaldo, Attilio; Contardo, Luc

Effectiveness of two integrated systems for the treatment of maxillary central incisors with periapical lesion: an 18-month randomized clinical trial

5noAim To assess the 18-month success rate of root canal treatment with two integrated shaping and filling systems on upper central incisors with chronic periapical pathosis. Methodology Sixty patients with an upper central incisors with a chronic periapical lesion smaller than 5 mm in diameter were randomly allocated to two treatment groups, which only differed in terms of canal shaping and filling protocol: G1 (n = 30), Revo-S/One Step Obturator; G2 (n = 30) GTX/GTX Obturator. The patients underwent clinical assessment at baseline and after 6, 12 and 18 months. Radiographic healing was scored according to a previously described scale by two independent examiners, who analysed the periapical radiographs taken at the recall visits. Intra- and inter-observer reliability was tested with Kappa statistics. The significance of the differences between the two groups and among time points with regard to clinical and radiographic data was evaluated with non-parametric tests (p < 0.05). Results All enrolled patients were available for re-evaluation. At the final recall, the cases were scored as total healing, partial healing and failure with the following frequencies: 93.3%, 3.3% and 3.3% of cases in G1 and in 93.3%, 0% and 6.7% of cases in G2. Radiographic healing scores were similar in the two groups irrespective of the experimental time point. The prevalence of symptoms was scarce (0–10%), stable over time and similar in the two groups. Conclusions The clinical performance of two considered integrated systems for the endodontic treatment of upper central incisors with periapical lesion was comparable and allowed for high success rates after 18 months.openopenAngerame, Daniele*; De Biasi, Matteo; Franco, Vittorio; Bevilacqua, Lorenzo; Castaldo, AttilioAngerame, Daniele; De Biasi, Matteo; Franco, Vittorio; Bevilacqua, Lorenzo; Castaldo, Attili