Quando a democracia incuba desigualdade e heteronomia: autoritarismo e nacionalismo na UE

In this study we analyse the social base of authoritarian and nationalist (AN) parties in the European Union grounded on a theory that articulates social and cultural dimensions. We aim to characterize and understand this electorate, and explain its increase, considering their social class, education, income, social orientations, human values, and attitudes towards immigrants, and looking upon the trajectory of inequalities. Data is from the European Social Survey and contextual national level information on economic and educational inequalities, and on social mobility. We find that AN parties voters are mostly industrial and agricultural workers, with very low educational resources and low income. They are characterized by the social orientation of heteronomy, a paradigmatic conformist disposition combining conformity with inequality and conformity with hetero-determination of one’s social position, here defined by a low score of the human values of equality and creativity. Heteronomy helps to understand a wide range of AN cultural traits of this population such as their exclusionary attitude towards immigrants. And we verify that the expansion of this electorate follows increasing inequality, mainly in education, as well as downward mobility, and social exclusion.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Quantum Simulation of Quantum Field Theories in Trapped Ions

We propose the quantum simulation of a fermion and an antifermion field modes interacting via a bosonic field mode, and present a possible implementation with two trapped ions. This quantum platform allows for the scalable add-up of bosonic and fermionic modes, and represents an avenue towards quantum simulations of quantum field theories in perturbative and nonperturbative regimes.Comment: To be published in Physical Review Letter

Quality of life, subjective well-being and democratic consolidation in Ecuador

The analysis of individual satisfaction and citizens’ quality of life is paramount by the interdependence with democracy consolidation that exists nowadays in Ecuador. A proposal to calculate a synthetic indicator of satisfaction of citizens on the subjective wellbeing (SWB) in Ecuador based on fuzzy logic method and the degree of similarity to ideal solutions is developed in the study. The information is obtained through the application of a structured survey based on the European Social Survey to the Ecuadorian society to a sample of 416 Ecuadorians. The analysis is based on eight different dimensions of individual satisfaction, namely: (1) Life; (2) Economy; (3) City Government; (4) Transparency; (5) Education; (6) Health System; (7) Roads; and (8) National Government. The results are discussed according to three segmentation variables: gender, age and marital status. The results show that men experience more individual satisfaction than women; generation Y is more satisfied than other age groups; and those who live with couples without being married are more satisfied than single and married citizens.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Confirmation of symmetrical distributions of clinical attachment loss and tooth loss in a homogeneous Mexican adult male population

Background/purpose To ascertain whether or not clinical attachment loss and tooth loss are present with similar severity and prevalence across the two sides of the mouth in a homogeneous sample of urban male adults. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on 161 policemen (a largely homogeneous group in terms of ethnic background, socioeconomic status, sex, occupation, and medical/dental insurance) in Campeche, Mexico. Periodontal examinations were undertaken using the Florida Probe System in a dental chair by one trained and standardized examiner (kappa ≥ 0.60) to determine clinical attachment loss and tooth loss. We examined six sites in all teeth present in the mouth (a maximum of 168 sites, no third molars). Because of correlated data between observations, McNemar (for tooth loss) and Wilcoxon (for attachment loss) signed-rank tests were used to compare right and left sites within the same patient. Results The mean age was 38.4 ± 11.0 years. The mean number of teeth present was 24.4 ± 4.6; the mean number of periodontal sites/person was 146.7 ± 27.8. All P values were ≥ 0.05 (except for attachment loss in the upper first premolars), suggesting that there were no statistically significant differences between the right and left sides for the frequency of presentation of these two conditions. Conclusion Tooth loss and attachment loss measurements largely resemble each other on both sides of the mouth

Critérios de justiça social entre os estudantes de licenciatura em Portugal

Resultados apurados a partir de um inquérito nacional permitem avaliar convergências e divergências dos estudantes de licenciatura em Portugal relativamente a diferentes concepções de justiça social. A igualdade de oportunidades é o princípio distributivo massivamente defendido por esta população e a valorização das capacidades competitivas individuais o único maioritariamente rejeitado. O sexo, a origem social e a área de formação introduzem clivagens significativas nas opiniões expressas.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Relativistic quantum mechanics with trapped ions

We consider the quantum simulation of relativistic quantum mechanics, as described by the Dirac equation and classical potentials, in trapped-ion systems. We concentrate on three problems of growing complexity. First, we study the bidimensional relativistic scattering of single Dirac particles by a linear potential. Furthermore, we explore the case of a Dirac particle in a magnetic field and its topological properties. Finally, we analyze the problem of two Dirac particles that are coupled by a controllable and confining potential. The latter interaction may be useful to study important phenomena as the confinement and asymptotic freedom of quarks.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure