Determining astrophysical three-body radiative capture reaction rates from inclusive Coulomb break-up measurements

A relationship between the Coulomb inclusive break-up probability and the radiative capture reaction rate for weakly bound three-body systems is established. This direct link provides a robust procedure to estimate the reaction rate for nuclei of astrophysical interest by measuring inclusive break-up processes at different energies and angles. This might be an advantageous alternative to the determination of reaction rates from the measurement of B(E1) distributions through exclusive Coulomb break-up experiments. In addition, it provides a reference to assess the validity of different theoretical approaches that have been used to calculate reaction rates. The procedure is applied to Li11 (Li9+n+n) and He6 (He4+n+n) three-body systems for which some data exist.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) under Projects No. FIS2011-28738-c02-01, No. FIS2013-41994-P, No. FPA2013-47327- C2-1-R, No. FIS2014-53448-c2-1-P, and FIS2014-51941-P and by Junta de Andalucía under Group No. FQM-160 and Project No. P11-FQM-7632. J. Casal acknowledges support from the Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte, FPU Research Grant No. AP2010-3124. M. Rodríguez-Gallardo acknowledges postdoctoral support from the Universidad de Sevilla under the V Plan Propio de Investigacion, Contract No. USE-11206-M.Peer Reviewe

Three-body nuclei and their astrophysical implications: The case of 6He

The analytic THO method [1] is generalized to study three-body nuclei of astrophysical interest, and applied to 6He. Results are consistent with previous publications and experimental data [2, 3].Economía y Competitividad FPA2009-07653 FIS2011-28738-c02-01Junta de Andalucía FQM-7632Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme CPAN CSD2007-0004

Reactions induced by 9Be in a four-body continuum-discretized coupled-channels framework

We investigate the elastic scattering of 9Be on 208Pb at beam energies above (50MeV) and below (40MeV) the Coulomb barrier. The reaction is described within a four-body framework using the Continuum-Discretized Coupled-Channels (CDCC) method. The 9Be projectile states are generated using the analytical Transformed Harmonic Oscillator (THO) basis in hyperspherical coordinates. Our calculations confirm the importance of continuum effects at low energies.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad FIS2014-53448-c2-1-P FIS2014-51941-PJunta de Andalucía FQM-160 P11-FQM-763

Astrophysical reaction rate for 9 Be formation within a three-body approach

The structure of the Borromean nucleus 9Be (α+α+n) is addressed within a three-body approach using the analytical transformed harmonic oscillator method. The three-body formalism provides an accurate description of the radiative capture reaction rate for the entire temperature range relevant in astrophysics. At high temperatures, results match the calculations based on two-step sequential processes. At low temperatures, where the particles have no access to intermediate two-body resonances, the three-body direct capture leads to reaction rates larger than the sequential processes. These results support the reliability of the method for systems with several charged particles.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) FPA2009-07653 FIS2011-28738-c02-0Junta de Andalucía FQM-160 P11-FQM-7632Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010 CSD2007-0004

Comunicar ciência: a formação em competências transversais dos estudantes de doutoramento da Escola de Ciências da Universidade do Minho

Os cientistas são cada vez mais avaliados pela sua capacidade de transmitir ideias e descobertas. Como tal precisam de desenvolver competências de comunicação em diferentes contextos, não apenas entre pares. Nos dias que correm revela-se fundamental abandonar a torre de marfim e dialogar com outros públicos. A Escola de Ciências da Universidade do Minho decidiu investir no desenvolvimento de competências de comunicação de ciência nos últimos anos, através da criação de cursos com diferentes formatos e objetivos.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Influence of mechanical agitation on cutinases and protease activity towards polyamide substrates

Two polyamide 6,6 substrates with different constructions, namely a model substrate and a fabric, were hydrolyzed using native cutinase and L182A cutinase mutant (from Fusarium solani pisi) and a protease (subtilisin from Bacillus sp.). The catalytic efficiency of these enzymes, measured in terms of hydrolysis products release, was measured for both substrates and the protease released five times more amines to the bath treatment. The L182A cutinase mutant showed higher activity when compared with the native enzyme. All enzymes have shown activity additive effects with higher levels of mechanical agitation for polyamide fabrics. The results achieved are of paramount importance on the design of a process of enzymatic functionalization of polyamide.European Community - Biosyntex Project, G5RD-CT-2000-30110Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - SFRH/BD/22490/200

Systematic calculations of reactions with exotic and stable nuclei to establish a unified theoretical approach

We report on systematical optical model (OM) and continuum discretized coupled channel (CDCC) calculations applied to describe the elastic scattering angular distributions of exotic and stable nuclei projectiles on heavy targets. Our optical potential (OP) is composed of the nuclear microscopic double folding São Paulo potential (SPP), derived from the nonlocal nature of the interaction, and the Coulomb dipole polarization (CDP) potential, derived from the semiclassical theory of Coulomb excitation. The OP is compared to the trivial equivalent local potential (TELP), extracted from CDCC calculations. The OM and CDCC predictions corroborate each other and account for important differences in the nuclei reaction mechanisms, which are directly related to their structural properties. Thus, OM and CDCC establish a common basis for analyzing or even predicting exotic and stable nuclei reactions.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España. PGC2018-096994-B-C21Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) FIS2017-88410-PPrograma de investigación e innovación Horizonte 2020 de la Unión Europea ,No. 654002Fondos SID 2019 (Investimento Strategico di Dipartimento, Universittí degli Studi di Padova, Italia) CASA_SID19_0

Global study of 9 Be + p at 2.72 A MeV

Background: In our recent experiment, 9 Be + p at 5.67 A MeV, the breakup decay rates to the three configurations, α + α + n , 8 Be ∗ + n and 5 He + 4 He of 9 Be , were observed and quantified in the proton recoil spectra, in a full kinematics approach. Unfolding step by step the accessibility to the above configurations, it will require similar experiments at lower or/and higher energies. It will also require the interpretation of the data in a theoretical framework. Three-body models for the structure of 9 Be have been developed and applied to reactions with heavy targets. Further research on lighter targets is required for the best establishment of the model. Such models are relevant for the calculation of the corresponding radiative capture reaction rate, α ( α , γ ) 9 Be followed by 9 Be ( α , n ) 12 C . The last is essential for the r -process abundance predictions. Purpose: Investigate the breakup decay rate of 9 Be + p at 2.72 A MeV, where the direct configuration α + α + n is mainly accessible. Compare and interpret data at this low energy and at the higher energy of 5.67 A MeV into a four-body continuum discretized coupled-channel formalism. Point out and discuss couplings to continuum. Methods: Our experimental method includes an exclusive breakup measurement in a full kinematic approach of 9 Be incident on a proton target at 24.5 MeV ( 2.72 A MeV). Complementary the elastic scattering is measured and other reaction channels are evaluated from previous measurements under the same experimental conditions. The interpretation of present data at 2.72 A MeV and previous data at 5.67 A MeV, are considered in a four-body continuum discretized coupled channel (CDCC) approach, using the transformed harmonic oscillator method for the three-body projectile. Results: An elastic scattering angular distribution at 2.72 A MeV is measured, which compares very well with CDCC calculations, indicating a strong coupling to continuum. At the same energy, the breakup and total reaction cross sections are measured as σ break = 2.5 ± 1 mb and σ tot = 510 ± L 90 mb , in good agreement with the calculated values of 3.7 and 433 mb, respectively. Further on, into the same theoretical framework, the elastic scattering and breakup cross section data at 5.67 A MeV are found in very good agreement with the CDCC calculations. Conclusions: It was confirmed in a global experimental framework that four-body CDCC calculations can describe very well the data even at low energies. Coupling to continuum is very strong despite the small measured breakup cross section. Moreover, the present results support further our three-body model for the structure of 9 Be , validating relevant radiative reaction rates obtained previously.Programa de investigación e innovación de la Unión Europea HORIZON2020 No. 654002-ENSAR2European Research Council (ERC) 714625Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España. PGC2018-095640-B-I00Ministerio de España de Economía y Competitividad y Fondo de Desarrollo de la Unión Europea (FEDER) FIS2017- 88410-PFondos SID 2019 (Università degli Studi di Padua, Italia) CASA_SID19_0

Marches Agricoles: 1973-1978, Juli/1790 = Agricultural Markets: 197301978 July/1979.

12th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions 2015The scattering of 9Be on 208Pb is addressed within a four-body Continuum-Discretized Coupled-Channels (CDCC) framework, considering a three-body α + α + n projectile plus a structureless target. The projectile states are generated using the analytical Transformed Harmonic Oscillator (THO) basis in hyperspherical coordinates. Both the elastic and breakup channels are described on the same footing. We find a good agreement between our calculations and the experimental data at beam energies around and below the Coulomb barrierMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad FIS2014-53448-c2-1-PMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad FIS2014-51941-PJunta de Andalucía FQM-160Junta de Andalucía P11-FQM- 763

Valorization of Phenolic and Carotenoid Compounds of Sechium edule (Jacq. Swartz) Leaves: Comparison between Conventional, Ultrasound- and Microwave-Assisted Extraction Approaches

Chayote leaves are known for culinary and traditional medicine applications. This work intended to recover carotenoids and phenolic compounds from chayote leaves using the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). A Box–Behnken design was employed to investigate the impact of extraction time, temperature, and ultrasonic power on the recovery of total carotenoids, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activities. For comparative purposes, chayote leaf extracts were prepared by maceration (ME) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), using the same time and temperature conditions optimized by UAE. Extraction at 50 °C and 170 Watts for 30 min provided the optimal UAE conditions. UAE showed better extraction efficacy than ME and MAE. The HPLC analysis of the extracts showed that the xanthophyll class was the main class of carotenoids, which constituted 42–85% of the total carotenoid content, followed by β-carotene and tocopherol. Moreover, 26 compounds, classified as phenolic acids, flavonols, flavonoids and other polar compounds, were identified in the chayote leaf extracts. Flavonols accounted for 55% of the total compounds quantified (the major compound was myricetin) and phenolic acids represented around 35%, mostly represented by ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid and (+)-catechin. This study revealed the potential of UAE as an effective green extraction technique to recover bioactive compounds from chayote leaves, for food, and for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applicationsThis work was supported through the projects UIDB/50006/2020 and UIDP/50006/2020, funded by FCT/MCTES through national funds. Elsa F. Vieira and Manuela Moreira thank FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) for funding through the Scientific Employment Stimulus-Individual Call (Ref. CEECIND/03988/2018 and CEEC- IND/02702/2017, respectively). The authors also thank the project SYSTEMIC “an integrated approach to the challenge of sustainable food systems: adaptive and mitigatory strategies to address climate change and malnutrition”. The Knowledge hub on Nutrition and Food Security has received funding from national research funding parties in Belgium (FWO), France (INRA), Germany (BLE), Italy (MIPAAF), Latvia (IZM), Norway (RCN), Portugal (FCT), and Spain (AEI) in a joint action of JPI HDHL, JPI-OCEANS and FACCE-JPI, launched in 2019, under the ERA-NET ERA-HDHL (no 696295)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio