Creatine supplementation associated with resistance training does not alter renal and hepatic functions

A creatina é o suplemento nutricional mais popular utilizado para melhorar o desempenho em atividades que envolvem exercícios de curta duração e alta intensidade. Porém, as possíveis intercorrências advindas do seu uso não estão totalmente elucidadas. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de duas dosagens de suplementação com creatina nas funções renal e hepática de adultos saudáveis durante oito semanas de treinamento de musculação. Exames bioquímicos foram realizados em 35 praticantes de musculação distribuídos aleatoriamente em três grupos, placebo (PLA, n = 12), creatina (CRE1, n = 12) e creatina 2 (CRE2, n = 11), antes e após oito semanas de treinamento com exercícios resistidos. Em desenho duplo-cego, os voluntários foram suplementados (20g/dia) com creatina (CRE1 e CRE2) ou placebo (PLA) por sete dias e nos 53 dias subsequentes com 0,03g/kg de massa corporal de creatina (CRE1) e placebo (PLA) e com 5g/dia o grupo CRE2. Não houve intervenção na composição de suas dietas, que foram registradas e analisadas. Os resultados dos exames bioquímicos realizados permaneceram dentro das faixas de normalidade. Os valores de creatinina aumentaram 12,2% no grupo CRE1 e 9,0%, no CRE2, enquanto que no grupo PLA diminuiu 4,7%, entretanto, esses valores não ultrapassaram os índices de normalidade. Os valores dos exames da função hepática diminuíram em quase todas as frações, em todos os tratamentos, contudo, sem significância estatística. Conclui-se que a suplementação com creatina nas dosagens utilizadas (0,03g/kg e 5g/dia) para indivíduos saudáveis por oito semanas não altera a função hepática ou renal, sendo assim, nas condições deste estudo, foi considerada segura.Creatine is the most popular nutritional supplement widely used to improve performance in activities that involve exercise of short duration and high intensity. However, the complications arising from its use are not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two doses of creatine supplementation on renal and hepatic function in healthy adults during eight weeks of resistance exercise training. Biochemical tests were performed on 35 athletes randomly distributed into three groups, placebo (PLA, n = 12), creatine (CRE1, n = 12) and creatine2 (CRE2, n = 11) before and after eight weeks of resistance training. In a double-blind design, the volunteers were supplemented (20 g/day) with creatine (CRE1, CRE2) or placebo (PLA) for seven days and at the 53 subsequent days with 0.03g/kg of body weight of each supplement (CRE1, PLA) and 5g/day for CRE2. There was no intervention in the composition of their diets, which were recorded and analyzed. The results of biochemical tests conducted remained within normal ranges. Creatinine values increased by 12.2% for CRE1 and 9.0% for CRE2, whereas decreased by 4.7% in PLA; however, these values did not exceed normal rates. The values of liver function tests declined in nearly all fractions in all treatments, not being statistically significant, though. It is concluded that creatine supplementation at the dosages used (0.03g/kg and 5g/day) for healthy subjects during eight weeks does not alter hepatic or renal function, hence under the conditions of this study, creatine was considered safe

Influence of creatine supplementation on the functional capacity of patients with heart failure

FUNDAMENTO: A Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC) é uma síndrome complexa, marcada pela intolerância ao esforço e perda da capacidade funcional. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a capacidade funcional dos pacientes com IC suplementados com creatina. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo, randomizado, duplo cego. Foram randomizados em dois grupos 33 pacientes com IC, com idade > 18 anos, sexo masculino, classes funcionais II a IV. O grupo experimental (G CRE, n = 17) foi suplementado com creatina com dose de 5 g por dia durante seis meses. E o grupo placebo (G PLA, n = 16) recebeu 5 g de maltodextrina por dia durante o mesmo período de tempo. Ambos os grupos foram submetidos a avaliação da capacidade funcional por meio da ergoespirometria e teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6) pré e pós-intervenção. O modelo estatístico Ancova e a correlação de Pearson foram utilizados na análise dos grupos e nas formas de tratamento. RESULTADOS: Das variáveis avaliadas na ergoespirometria, o volume de oxigênio pico (VO2 pico), limiar anaeróbio (LA) e o pulso de oxigênio (pulso de O2) não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos (P>0,05). No TC6 não houve diferença significativa na distância percorrida. CONCLUSÃO: A suplementação de creatina em pacientes com IC não promoveu melhora significativa na capacidade funcional.BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome characterized by intolerance to exertion and reduced functional capacity. OBJECTIVE: To assess the functional capacity of patients with HF and supplemented with creatine. METHODS: Prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Thirty-three male patients over the age of 18 years with functional class II to IV HF were randomized into two groups as follows: the experimental group (CRE, n = 17), supplemented with 5 g/day of creatine for six months; and the placebo group (PLA, n = 16), receiving 5 g/day of maltodextrin for that same period. Both groups underwent functional capacity assessment by use of cardiopulmonary exercise test and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) before and after the intervention. The Ancova statistical model and Pearson correlation were used to assess the groups and the treatment. RESULTS: Of the variables assessed on the cardiopulmonary exercise test, peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2), anaerobic threshold (AT), and oxygen pulse (O2 pulse) showed no significant differences between the groups (P>0.05). On the 6MWT, no significant difference was observed in the covered distance. CONCLUSION: Creatine supplementation in patients with HF did not significantly improve functional capacity

EFEITO DA GLUTAMINA NOS SINTOMAS GASTROINTESTINAIS E NO CONSUMO ALIMENTAR DE PACIENTES HEMATOLÓGICOS EM QUIMIOTERAPIA / GLUTAMINE EFFECT IN GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS AND DIETARY INTAKE OF CHEMOTHERAPY HEMATOLOGICAL PATIENTS

Introdução: A glutamina é um aminoácido condicionalmente essencial. Estima-se que este nutriente possa promover regulação da apoptose e da reposta imunológica, reduzir a toxicidade medicamentosa ao trato gastrointestinal e modificar a situação clínica de pacientes em quimioterapia. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito de glutamina oral com doses de 0,3g/Kg/dia e 0,65g/Kg/dia no controle de sintomas gastrintestinais e no consumo alimentar de pacientes hematológicos em quimioterapia. Métodos: Ensaio clínico, randomizado, cego, realizado no Hospital das Clínicas de Goiânia de setembro/2013 a setembro/2014. Foram acompanhados 17 pacientes, divididos em dois grupos, um com oito e o outro com nove indivíduos que receberam 0,3g/kg/dia e 0,65g/Kg/dia de glutamina oral por 30 dias, respectivamente. Avaliou-se o estado nutricional e os sintomas gastrointestinais por meio da Avaliação Subjetiva Global Produzida Pelo Próprio Paciente e o consumo alimentar pelo Recordatório Alimentar de 24h antes e após a intervenção. Resultados: O estado nutricional predominante em ambos os grupos foi o de “bem nutrido” antes e após a intervenção. Os sintomas gastrointestinais e o consumo alimentar não apresentaram alteração significativa após a intervenção em ambos os grupos, sendo evidenciada manutenção dos parâmetros investigados. Conclusão: A suplementação de 0,3g/Kg/dia e 0,65g/kg/dia de glutamina oral não modificou significativamente a ocorrência de sintomas gastrointestinais e não alterou o consumo alimentar, porém houve menor frequência dos sintomas gastrointestinais, melhor percentual de adequação de consumo calórico e proteico e aumento do número indivíduos bem nutridos em ambos os grupos após a suplementação sendo considerados positivos no tratamento coadjuvante à neoplasia.Palavras-chave: Glutamina. Hematologia. Quimioterapia.AbstractIntroduction: Glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid. It is estimated that this nutrient may promote apoptosis and immune response regulation, besides reducing gastrointestinal tract drug toxicity and modifying the clinical situation of patients undergoing chemotherapy. Objective: To investigate the effect of oral glutamine, in doses of 0.3g/kg/day and 0.65g/kg/day, in the control of gastrointestinal symptoms and in the food intake of hematological patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: A Randomized, blinded and clinical trial was conducted at Hospital das Clínicas de Goiania from September/2013 to September/2014. Seventeen patients were monitored. Two groups were formed, in which one had eight subjects and the other had nine subjects receiving 0.3g/kg/day and 0.65g/kg/day oral glutamine, respectively, for 30 days. Nutritional status and gastrointestinal symptoms were evaluated by Subjective Global Assessment, produced by the own patient, and by dietary intake, through the 24-hour food recall before and after intervention. Results: The predominant nutritional status was of “well nourished” before and after intervention. Gastrointestinal symptoms and food intake showed no significant change (p<0.05) after intervention in both groups, evidencing maintenance of the investigated parameters. Conclusion: Supplementation of 0.3g/kg/day and 0.65g/kg/day of oral glutamine did not significantly affect gastrointestinal symptoms occurrence and did not alter food intake. However, there were lower frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms, better percentage of calorie and protein consumption and increase of well-nourished individuals in both groups after supplementation. The results are considered positive in the supporting treatment to neoplasia.Keywords: Glutamine. Hematology. Chemotherapy

Effects of creatine supplementation in the functional capacity and in the body composition of patients with heart failure

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:25:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Ana Paula Perillo Ferreira Carvalho.pdf: 2730785 bytes, checksum: 1f68b9df4f7070c902674ee992b24c24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-04Introduction: Heart failure is a progressive clinical syndrome in patients that generally, present alterations in their nutritional condition and loss in the functional capacity. objectives: Evaluating the effects of creatine supplementation on functional capacity and body composition of patients with heart failure. Methodology: Prospective, randomized, double-blind study performed at the Hospital das Clínicas of Federal University of Goiás, with 33 patients over 18 years old with heart failure. The selected patients were randomized in experimental group (CRE, n=17), supplemented with creatine monohydrate and placebo group (PLA, n=16), which received maltodextrin. For both groups, the instruction about taking the supplement or the placebo were 5 g dialy during the period of six months. The patients were submitted to evaluation of functional capacity by ergospirometry and the walking test per six minutes (6-MWT), anthropometry and the food consumption, before starting suplementation and at end of sixth month.The statistical model ANCOVA was used to analyze groups and treatment forms. Results: From the variables evaluated in the ergospirometry, the volume of the peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2 ), anaerobic threshold (AT), and the oxygen pulse (O2P) did not show significant differences between the groups (p>0,05). There was no significant difference in the distance travelled concerned to 6-MWT. The volunteers in the CRE groups presented average values of muscle circumference of the arm statistically superior from the PLA group (p=0,0413). The total of the body mass, lean body mass and the fat percentage did not present significant differences between groups. As for the total caloric value and macronutrients of the diet only medium amounts of lipids in the CRE group presented statistically lower (p=0.0120) than the PLA group. Conclusion: The creatine in patients with heart failure did not cause significant improvement in the functional capacity, in spite of the skeletal muscle enhancement in the CRE group, according to (MCA).Introdução: A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é uma síndrome clínica progressiva na qual os pacientes, em geral, apresentam alterações no seu estado nutricional e perda da capacidade funcional. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da suplementação de creatina na capacidade funcional e composição corporal de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca. Metodologia: estudo prospectivo, randomizado, duplo cego, realizado no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Goiás, com 33 pacientes maiores de 18 anos com insuficiência cardíaca. Os pacientes selecionados foram randomizados em grupo experimental (CRE, n =17), suplementado com creatina monoidratada e grupo placebo (PLA, n =16), que recebeu maltodextrina. Para ambos os grupos a instrução sobre a ingestão do suplemento ou do placebo foi de 5 g diárias durante o período de seis meses. Os pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação da capacidade funcional pela ergoespirometria e por teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6), antropometria e de consumo alimentar, antes de iniciarem a suplementação e ao final do sexto mês. O modelo estatístico Ancova foi utilizado na análise dos grupos e nas formas de tratamento. Resultados: Das variáveis avaliadas na ergoespirometria, o volume de oxigênio pico (VO2 pico), o limiar anaeróbico (LA) e o pulso de oxigênio (PO2) não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos (p>0,05). No TC6 não houve diferença significativa na distância percorrida. Os voluntários do grupo CRE apresentaram valores médios de circunferência muscular do braço (CMB) estatisticamente superiores aos do grupo PLA (p= 0,0413). A massa corporal total, a massa corporal magra e percentual de gordura não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos. Quanto ao valor calórico total e aos macronutrientes da dieta, apenas a quantidade média de lipídios no grupo CRE apresentou-se estatisticamente inferior (p = 0,0120) ao grupo PLA. Conclusão: A creatina em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca não promoveu melhora significativa na capacidade funcional, apesar de ter ocorrido aumento da massa muscular esquelética no grupo CRE de acordo com a CMB

Influência da suplementação de creatina na capacidade funcional de pacientes com Insuficiência Cardíaca

FUNDAMENTO: A Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC) é uma síndrome complexa, marcada pela intolerância ao esforço e perda da capacidade funcional. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a capacidade funcional dos pacientes com IC suplementados com creatina. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo, randomizado, duplo cego. Foram randomizados em dois grupos 33 pacientes com IC, com idade > 18 anos, sexo masculino, classes funcionais II a IV. O grupo experimental (G CRE, n = 17) foi suplementado com creatina com dose de 5 g por dia durante seis meses. E o grupo placebo (G PLA, n = 16) recebeu 5 g de maltodextrina por dia durante o mesmo período de tempo. Ambos os grupos foram submetidos a avaliação da capacidade funcional por meio da ergoespirometria e teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6) pré e pós-intervenção. O modelo estatístico Ancova e a correlação de Pearson foram utilizados na análise dos grupos e nas formas de tratamento. RESULTADOS: Das variáveis avaliadas na ergoespirometria, o volume de oxigênio pico (VO2 pico), limiar anaeróbio (LA) e o pulso de oxigênio (pulso de O2) não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos (P>0,05). No TC6 não houve diferença significativa na distância percorrida. CONCLUSÃO: A suplementação de creatina em pacientes com IC não promoveu melhora significativa na capacidade funcional

An adapted cardioprotective diet with or without phytosterol and/or krill oil supplement in familial hypercholesterolemia: A pilot study protocol

Summary: Background and aims: A healthy diet is one of the pillars of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) treatment. However, the best dietary pattern and indication for specific supplementation have not been established. Our aim is to conduct a pilot study to assess the effect of an adapted cardioprotective diet with or without phytosterol and/or krill oil supplement in participants with a probable or definitive diagnosis of FH, treated with moderate/high potency statins. Methods: A national, multicenter, factorial, and parallel placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial with a superiority design and 1:1:1:1 allocation rate will be conducted. The participants will undergo whole exome sequencing and be allocated into four treatment groups: 1) a cardioprotective diet adapted for FH (DICA-FH) + phytosterol placebo + krill oil placebo; 2) DICA-FH + phytosterol 2 g/day + krill oil placebo; 3) DICA-FH + phytosterol placebo + krill oil 2 g/day; or 4) DICA-FH + phytosterol 2 g/day + krill oil 2 g/day. The primary outcomes will be low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) levels and adherence to treatment after a 120-day follow-up. LDL- and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol subclasses, untargeted lipidomics analysis, adverse events, and protocol implementation components will also be assessed. Results: A total of 58 participants were enrolled between May–August 2023. After the end of the follow-up period, the efficacy and feasibility results of this pilot study will form the basis of the design of a large-scale randomized clinical trial. Conclusions: This study's overall goal is to recommend dietary treatment strategies in the context of FH

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data