Laqueadura tubaria, numero ideal de filhos e arrependimento

Orientadores: Jose Guilherme Cecatti, Maria Jose Duarte OsisDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: Nos últimos quarenta anos observou-se no Brasil uma queda significativa na taxa de fecundidade total. Dentre muitos fatores, a introdução e disponibilidade de métodos anticoncepcionais exerceram e continuam exercendo papel fundamental neste processo, sobretudo a prática da esterilização definitiva que representa o método anticoncepcional mais prevalente neste país. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a associação entre o número ideal de filhos, em relação ao número de nascidos vivos, e a prática da laqueadura, bem como sua relação com o arrependimento após a cirurgia. Realizou-se uma análise secundária de dados da pesquisa "O impacto das altas taxas de cesariana sobre a fecundidade de uma população. Um estudo de coorte retrospectiva em Campinas, Brasil". Nesse estudo foram entrevistadas 3.878 mulheres, das quais 1.012 eram laqueadas e 109 referiram estar arrependidas. Utilizando-se os dados das mulheres laqueadas, realizaram-se dois estudos de caso-controle aninhado a uma coorte, o primeiro abordando a laqueadura e o segundo o arrependimento. As diferenças entre os grupos foram medidas através do teste ?2. Também se calcularam os odds ratios e seus respectivos IC 95%, para as variáveis preditoras. Realizaram-se modelos de regressão logística múltipla para se identificar os fatores que se associaram independentemente à esterilização definitiva e ao arrependimento posterior. Os resultados sugerem que as mulheres com NIF = NV tinham maior risco de estarem laqueadas. Além disso, foi maior a chance de arrependimento no grupo de mulheres com NIF > NV. As variáveis que se associaram independentemente como fatores de risco para a laqueadura foram: maior idade, maior renda familiar, ter companheiro, mais de duas gestações, maior número de partos, menor número de abortos e não ter trabalho remunerado. Por outro lado, as variáveis que se associaram independentemente com o arrependimento pós-laqueadura foram ter mais de dois filhos e a intenção de esperar para ter mais filhos quando fizeram a laqueaduraAbstract: In the last forty years, there was a significant decline in Brazilian¿s total fertility rate (TFR). Among many factors, the diffusion of modern contraceptive methods played and is still playing a major role in this process, specially tubal ligation which is the most prevalent contraceptive method in Brazil today. The current study has the purpose of evaluating the association between ideal number of children (INC) in relation to live birth (LB) and the practice of female sterilization as well as its relationship with regret. It was carried out a secondary data analysis of the study "The impact of high cesarean section rates on the fertility of a population. A retrospective cohort study in Campinas, Brazil." In that study 3878 women were interviewed, 1012 were sterilized and 109 referred regret. Two nested case-control studies were performed: the first one focused on the sterilization and the second one on the regret. The differences between the groups were calculated by ?2 test. The relative risks were estimated through the Odds Ratios with their respective 95% confidence intervals and the predictor variables were included in multiple logistic regression models in order to identify the factors independently associated with female sterilization and regret after tubal ligation. The results suggest that women with INC = LB had a higher risk to be sterilized, and those with INC > LB had a higher risk to regret. The variables independently associated with tubal ligation were: higher age, higher family income, to have a partner, more than two previous pregnancies, higher number of deliveries, lower number of abortions, and having no paid job. On the other hand, the variables independently associated with regretting female sterilization were: to have two or more children and to say that they would like to wait more before to perform the tubal ligationMestradoTocoginecologiaMestre em Tocoginecologi

Field Dependence/Independence and its Relationship to Schema Utilization during Discourse Processing

This study investigated the relationship between field dependence/independence and the ability to utilize prior knowledge during discourse processing. A sample population of thirty-one eighth grade students were given the Group Embedded Figures Test, a measure of field dependence/independence, and one of two narrative passages designed to measure the degree to which an individual utilizes prior knowledge. The scores of these two measures were analyzed to determine if there was a significant difference between the field dependents and the field independents in their performance on the constrained and unconstrained passages, measuring schema utilization. A significant difference was found in the mean score of the two groups on the constrained passage, no difference was found in their performance on the unconstrained passage. This analysis leads to the conclusion that in this testing population of eighth graders, the field independent students were better able to utilize their prior knowledge to comprehend a written passage than the field dependent students

[ideal Number Of Children As A Risk Factor For Tubal Ligation].

The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the association between ideal number of children (INC) and female sterilization. A nested case-control study was performed through a secondary analysis of data from a cohort study on the reproductive health of women in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 3,878 women were included, 1,012 being sterilized (cases). The relationship between INC and number of live births (LB) was divided in two categories (INC > LB and INC < or = LB). The relative risks of performing tubal ligation were calculated (odds ratio) with their respective 95% confidence intervals for the relation INC/LB and all control variables. All predictor variables were included in a logistic regression model in order to identify the factors independently associated with female sterilization. The results showed that the risks of tubal ligation were higher among women with INC < or = LB, higher age, with partners, higher family income, more than two previous pregnancies, more deliveries, fewer abortions, and without paid work.201565-7

Effect of training loads on physiological parameters of soccer players

O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar os efeitos de três semanas de treinamentos com intensidades monitoradas sobre a capacidade aeróbia de futebolistas profissionais. Quatorze futebolistas integrantes de equipe da primeira divisão do Campeonato Brasileiro de 2010, foram avaliados pré e pós três semanas de treinamento. O limiar anaeróbio (LAn) foi determinado pelo método bi-segmentado, para isso quatro esforços submáximos de 800 metros com intensidades de 10, 12, 14 e 16 km/h foram aplicados. Trinta três sessões de treinamentos foram quantificadas em zonas de acordo com frequência cardíaca referente ao LAn (FCLAn): Z1 – 10% abaixo, Z2 – 90-100% e Z3 – acima da FCLAn. Durante os treinamentos os jogadores permaneceram 31,17±14,86%, 42,96±14,90% e 25,87±16,67% em Z1, Z2 e Z3, respectivamente. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas no LAn (pré = 13,29 ± 0,71 km∙h-1 ; pós=12,85 ± 0,90 km∙h-1 ), percepção subjetiva de esforço correspondente ao LAn (pré = 11,53 ± 1,45 u.a; pós=11,23 ± 1,53 u.a) e FCLAn (pré = 166,64 ± 10,69 bpm; pós = 174,50 ± 10,89 bpm), indicando que três semanas de treinamento são insuficiente para gerar adaptações positivas no LAn de futebolistas.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three weeks of training with intensity monitored on the aerobic capacity of professional soccer players. Fourteen players, members of a first division Brazilian Championship team in 2010, aged 22.78 ± 3.06 years were evaluated pre and post three weeks of training. The anaerobic threshold intensity LAn was determined by bi-segmented method, for this four submaximal efforts of 800 meters with intensities 10, 12, 14 and 16 km/h were applied. Thirty three training sessions were quantified in zones according to heart rate related to the LAn (FCLAn): Z1 – 10% below, Z2 – 90-100% and Z3 – above the FCLAn. During training participants remained 31.17 ± 14.86%, 42.96% and 25.87 ± 14.90 ± 16.67% in Z1, Z2, and Z3 respectively. There were no significant differences in the LAn (pre = 13,29 ± 0,71 km∙h-1 ; post = 12,85 ± 0,90 km∙h-1 ), perceived exertion (pre = 11,53 ± 1,45 u.a; post = 11,23 ± 1,53 u.a) and FCLAn (pre = 166,64 ± 10,69 bpm; post = 174,50 ± 10,89 bpm) between conditions before and after training, indicating that three weeks of training are insufficient to generate positive changes in soccer players LAn

Componentes Celulares Do Sistema Nervoso: Uma Revisão Narrativa De Literatura

Introduction: The nervous system is a complex and vital system that controls and coordinates all activities in the body. It allows for rapid communication between different organs and systems, allowing rapid responses to internal and external stimuli. Object: Understand through a bibliographic review the structures and functions of the components that make up the nervous system. Methodology: The present study consists of a review of the literature on the cellular elements that make up the nervous system. Results and conclusion: The nervous system is vital to the human body, overseeing everything from fundamental functions like breathing and heartbeat to mental processes like thoughts and emotions. Its importance is reflected in the regulation of the body and the ability to adjust to the environment.Introdução: O sistema nervoso é um sistema complexo e vital que controla e coordena todas as atividades do corpo. Ele permite a comunicação rápida entre diferentes órgãos e sistemas, permitindo respostas rápidas a estímulos internos e externos. Objetivo: Compreender mediante revisão bibliográfica as estruturas e funções dos componentes que integram o sistema nervoso. Metodologia: o estudo atual consiste em uma revisão narrativa de literatura sobre os elementos celulares que compõem o sistema nervoso. Resultados e conclusão: O sistema nervoso é vital para o corpo humano, supervisionando desde funções fundamentais, como respiração e batimentos cardíacos, até processos mentais como pensamentos e emoções. Sua importância se reflete na regulação do corpo e na capacidade de se ajustar ao ambiente

Fractional Distillation of Bio-Oil Produced by Pyrolysis of Açaí (Euterpe oleracea) Seeds

In this work, the seeds of açaí (Euterpe oleracea, Mart), a rich lignin-cellulose residue, has been submitted to pyrolysis to produce a bio-oil-like fossil fuels. The pyrolysis carried out in a reactor of 143 L, 450°C, and 1.0 atm. The morphology of Açaí seeds in nature and after pyrolysis is characterized by SEM, EDX, and XRD. The experiments show that bio-oil, gas, and coke yields were 4.38, 30.56, and 35.67% (wt.), respectively. The bio-oil characterized by AOCS, ASTM, and ABNT/NBR methods for density, kinematic viscosity, and acid value. The bio-oil density, viscosity, and acid value were 1.0468 g/cm3, 68.34 mm2/s, and 70.26 KOH/g, respectively. The chemical composition and chemical functions of bio-oil are determined by GC-MS and FT-IR. The GC-MS identified in bio-oil 21.52% (wt.) hydrocarbons and 78.48% (wt.) oxygenates (4.06% esters, 8.52% carboxylic acids, 3.53% ketones, 35.16% phenols, 20.52% cresols, 5.75% furans, and 0.91% (wt.) aldehydes), making it possible to apply fractional distillation to obtain fossil fuel-like fractions rich in hydrocarbons. The distillation of bio-oil is carried out in a laboratory-scale column, according to the boiling temperature of fossil fuels. The distillation of bio-oil yielded fossil fuel-like fractions (gasoline, kerosene, and light diesel) of 4.70, 28.21, and 22.35% (wt.), respectively

Health-related quality of life in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the different geographical regions of Brazil : data from the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group

Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management, enhancing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is as important as good metabolic control and prevention of secondary complications. This study aims to evaluate possible regional differences in HRQoL, demographic features and clinical characteristics of patients with T1DM in Brazil, a country of continental proportions, as well as investigate which variables could influence the HRQoL of these individuals and contribute to these regional disparities. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study performed by the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group (BrazDiab1SG), by analyzing EuroQol scores from 3005 participants with T1DM, in 28 public clinics, among all geographical regions of Brazil. Data on demography, economic status, chronic complications, glycemic control and lipid profile were also collected. Results: We have found that the North-Northeast region presents a higher index in the assessment of the overall health status (EQ-VAS) compared to the Southeast (74.6 ± 30 and 70.4 ± 19, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, North- Northeast presented a lower frequency of self-reported anxiety-depression compared to all regions of the country (North-Northeast: 1.53 ± 0.6; Southeast: 1.65 ± 0.7; South: 1.72 ± 0.7; Midwest: 1.67 ± 0.7; p < 0.05). These findings could not be entirely explained by the HbA1c levels or the other variables examined. Conclusions: Our study points to the existence of additional factors not yet evaluated that could be determinant in the HRQoL of people with T1DM and contribute to these regional disparities