Influence of fibroblasts growth factor in the integration of a fragment of fascia grafted in the vocal lamina propria of rabbits

Orientador: Agrício Nubiato CrespoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: A correção de sulcos e cicatrizes de pregas vocais permanece como grande desafio à fonocirurgia. Substâncias que promovam a reestruturação da lâmina própria parecem ser a melhor opção. Esta pesquisa avaliou a influência do fator de crescimento de fibroblastos na integração tecidual de enxerto de fragmento de fáscia superficial na lâmina própria de prega vocal de coelhos associado à injeção de FGF, quanto às alterações histológicas induzidas como reação inflamatória aguda e crônica, fibrose desencadeada pelo procedimento e presença de neovascularização. Doze coelhos adultos foram submetidos ao enxerto de fragmento de 0,1 X 0,1 cm de fáscia cervical superficial na lâmina própria de ambas as pregas vocais. Na prega vocal direita foi injetado fator de crescimento de fibroblastos. Após um e doze meses, os animais foram sacrificados e suas pregas vocais submetidas a estudo histológico. O fator de crescimento de fibroblastos induziu resposta inflamatória em todos os animais após um mês do experimento inicial. Desencadeou fibrose além da causada pelo procedimento cirúrgico na prega vocal direita em todos os animais após 12 meses do experimento inicial. Fato que demonstra que o fator de crescimento de fibroblastos não representa uma boa opção terapêutica na correção das alterações da lâmina própria de pregas vocais quando associado ao enxerto de fáscia.Abstract: The correction of sulcus and scars of vocal cords remains as a major challenge to fonosurgery. Substances which promote the restructuring the lamina propria seem to be the best option. This study evaluated the influence of fibroblasts growth factor in integration fragment of fascia grafted in the vocal fold lamina propria of rabbits associated with the injection FGF, regarding the histological alterations , acute and chronic inflammatory reaction, fibrosis, presence of neovascularization and the density of collagen. Twelve adult rabbits were submitted to grafting of fragment of 0.1 X 0.1 cm cervical fascia in the vocal fold lamina propria. Fibroblasts growth factor was injected in the right vocal fold. After a month and 12 months, the animals were sacrificed and their vocal folds submitted to histological study. The fibroblasts growth factor induced acute inflammatory response in all animals after one month of initial experiment. It induced fibrosis in addition to the caused by surgical procedure on the right vocal fold in all animals after 12 months of initial experiment. Fact which demonstrate that the fibroblasts growth factor with fascia grafting is not a good therapeutic option in correction of alterations of the vocal fold lamina propria.DoutoradoOtorrinolaringologiaDoutor em Ciências Médica

Correlation between cephalometric data and severity of sleep apnea

AbstractIntroductionObstructive sleep apnea syndrome has a high prevalence among adults. Cephalo- metric variables can be a valuable method for evaluating patients with this syndrome.ObjectiveTo correlate cephalometric data with the apnea-hypopnea sleep index.MethodsWe performed a retrospective and cross-sectional study that analyzed the cephalo- metric data of patients followed in the Sleep Disorders Outpatient Clinic of the Discipline of Otorhinolaryngology of a university hospital, from June 2007 to May 2012.ResultsNinety-six patients were included, 45 men, and 51 women, with a mean age of 50.3 years. A total of 11 patients had snoring, 20 had mild apnea, 26 had moderate apnea, and 39 had severe apnea. The distance from the hyoid bone to the mandibular plane was the only variable that showed a statistically significant correlation with the apnea-hypopnea index.ConclusionCephalometric variables are useful tools for the understanding of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The distance from the hyoid bone to the mandibular plane showed a statisti- cally significant correlation with the apnea-hypopnea index

The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability

Chromobacterium violaceum is one of millions of species of free-living microorganisms that populate the soil and water in the extant areas of tropical biodiversity around the world. Its complete genome sequence reveals (i) extensive alternative pathways for energy generation, (ii) ≈500 ORFs for transport-related proteins, (iii) complex and extensive systems for stress adaptation and motility, and (iv) wide-spread utilization of quorum sensing for control of inducible systems, all of which underpin the versatility and adaptability of the organism. The genome also contains extensive but incomplete arrays of ORFs coding for proteins associated with mammalian pathogenicity, possibly involved in the occasional but often fatal cases of human C. violaceum infection. There is, in addition, a series of previously unknown but important enzymes and secondary metabolites including paraquat-inducible proteins, drug and heavy-metal-resistance proteins, multiple chitinases, and proteins for the detoxification of xenobiotics that may have biotechnological applications

Fascia grafting in the lamina propria of vocal folds : an histological experimental study

Orientador: Agricio Nubiato CrespoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias MedicasResumo: A correção de alterações da lâmina própria nas pregas vocais, como sulcos, cicatrizes e degenerações senis, ainda é um desafio à fonocirurgia. Materiais implantáveis e métodos de implantação são continuamente investigados. Este trabalho avaliou a utilização de enxerto de fragmento da faseia lata na lâmina própria da prega vocal de cães, estudando as alterações histológicas conseqüentes, quanto à reação inflamatória aguda e crônica, à fibrose e ã neovascularização. Doze cães adultos foram submetidos à enxertia de um fragmento de 0,3 X 0,3 cm da faseia lata na lâmina própria da prega vocal direita. Na prega vocal esquerda, o mesmo acesso cirúrgico foi reproduzido, sem colocação do enxerto. Após dois e seis meses, os animais foram sacrificados e suas pregas vocais estudadas histologicamente. A faseia não induziu resposta inflamatória, aguda ou crônica, em qualquer animal, nem desencadeou fibrose além da conseqüente ao procedimento cirúrgico, como observado no lado controle. Em todos os casos, identificou-se o tecido enxertado sem evidências de reabsorção e com aumento da neovascularização, demontrando que a faseia lata apresenta integração tecidual boa na camada superficial da lâmina própria de prega vocal de cãoAbstract: Satisfactory corrective treatment for sulcus, scar and senile alterations in the lamina propria of vocal folds is still under development. This study assessed the utilization of a fascia lata graft in the vocal fold lamina propria of dogs by analyzing the histological alterations induced by acute and chronic inflammatory reactions as well as the fibrosis triggered by graft procedure and persistence. A fragment measuring 0.3 X 0.3 cm of the fascia lata was grafted in the right vocal old lamina propria of 12 adult dogs. Identical surgical access in the left vocal fold was reproduced without introducing the graft. After periods of two and six months, the animals were sacrificed and a histological study of their vocal cords was performed. Besides the reactions resulting from the surgical procedure in the control side, the fascia did not induce an acute or chronic inflammatory reaction or trigger fibrosis in any of the animals. In all the cases, the grafted tissue did not show evidence of resorption, demonstrating that the superficial layer of the lamina propria in dogs presents good tolerance to fascia lata graftingMestradoOtorrinolaringologiaMestre em Ciências Médica

Uma etnologia dos "índios misturados"? Situação colonial, territorialização e fluxos culturais

Até recentemente os estudos sobre os povos e culturas indígenas do Nordeste brasileiro não constituíram um objeto mais sistemático de investigações, parecendo apenas propiciar uma etnologia secundária e menor. Na visão do autor, isso decorreu da dificuldade de aplicação àquelas culturas dos pressupostos da antropologia americanista, a qual opera com modelos societários que enfatizam a descontinuidade cultural, bem como a objetividade e a exterioridade do observado em face do pesquisador e de sua sociedade. Dialogando com diferentes perspectivas teóricas, o autor delineia ou reelabora algumas noções como, respectivamente, as de "territorialização", "situação colonial", "diáspora" e "viagem da volta" que lhe permitem realizar uma análise compreensiva do processo histórico que veio a transformar tais populações nos grupos étnicos atuais. Sugere, ao final, que os estudos que vêm sendo realizados no Brasil e em diferentes partes do mundo sobre "índios misturados" (isto é, relações interétnicas em áreas de colonização muito antiga) podem contribuir para a construção de uma antropologia mais articulada com a história.<br>Until quite recently, indigenous peoples in the Brazilian Northeast were not the object of systematic investigation, rather appearing to inspire a kind of secondary, lesser ethnology. According to the author, this oversight resulted from a difficulty in applying the premises of Americanist anthropology to such cultures, since the latter operates with societal models emphasizing both cultural discontinuity and the objectivity and externality of the observed vis-à-vis the researcher and his/her society. By establishing a dialogue with different theoretical perspectives, the author delineates or reworks several notions, such as "territorialization", "colonial situation", "diaspora", and "return journey", allowing him to produce a comprehensive analysis of the historical process which turned such populations into the current ethnic groups. Finally, he suggests that studies on "mixed Indians" (i.e., relations between ethnic groups in areas of very old colonization) in Brazil and elsewhere can help construct an anthropology that is better articulated with history

First measurement of the Z→μ+μ−Z\rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^- angular coefficients in the forward region of pppp collisions at s=13\sqrt{s}=13 TeV

The first study of the angular distribution of $\mu^+ \mu^-$ pairs produced in the forward rapidity region via the Drell-Yan reaction $pp \rightarrow \gamma^{*}/Z +X \rightarrow l^+ l^- + X$ is presented, using data collected with the LHCb detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.1 $\rm{fb}^{-1}$. The coefficients of the five leading terms in the angular distribution are determined as a function of the dimuon transverse momentum and rapidity. The results are compared to various theoretical predictions of the $Z$-boson production mechanism and can also be used to probe transverse-momentum-dependent parton distributions within the proton

First measurement of the Z→μ+μ−Z\rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^- angular coefficients in the forward region of pppp collisions at s=13\sqrt{s}=13 TeV

The first study of the angular distribution of $\mu^+ \mu^-$ pairs produced in the forward rapidity region via the Drell-Yan reaction $pp \rightarrow \gamma^{*}/Z +X \rightarrow l^+ l^- + X$ is presented, using data collected with the LHCb detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.1 $\rm{fb}^{-1}$. The coefficients of the five leading terms in the angular distribution are determined as a function of the dimuon transverse momentum and rapidity. The results are compared to various theoretical predictions of the $Z$-boson production mechanism and can also be used to probe transverse-momentum-dependent parton distributions within the proton

Measurement of the charm mixing parameter yCP−yCPKπy_{CP} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} using two-body D0D^0 meson decays

A measurement of the ratios of the effective decay widths of $D^0 \to \pi^-\pi^+$ and $D^0 \to K^-K^+$ decays over that of $D^0 \to K^-\pi^+$ decays is performed with the LHCb experiment using proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $13 \, \mathrm{TeV}$, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $6 \, \mathrm{fb^{-1}}$. These observables give access to the charm mixing parameters $y_{CP}^{\pi\pi} - y_{CP}^{K\pi}$ and $y_{CP}^{KK} - y_{CP}^{K\pi}$, and are measured as $y_{CP}^{\pi\pi} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} = (6.57 \pm 0.53 \pm 0.16) \times 10^{-3}$, $y_{CP}^{KK} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} = (7.08 \pm 0.30 \pm 0.14) \times 10^{-3}$, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The combination of the two measurements is $y_{CP} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} = (6.96 \pm 0.26 \pm 0.13) \times 10^{-3}$, which is four times more precise than the previous world average

Measurement of the charm mixing parameter yCP−yCPKπy_{CP} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} using two-body D0D^0 meson decays

International audienceA measurement of the ratios of the effective decay widths of D0→π-π+ and D0→K-K+ decays over that of D0→K-π+ decays is performed with the LHCb experiment using proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6  fb-1. These observables give access to the charm mixing parameters yCPππ-yCPKπ and yCPKK-yCPKπ, and are measured as yCPππ-yCPKπ=(6.57±0.53±0.16)×10-3, yCPKK-yCPKπ=(7.08±0.30±0.14)×10-3, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The combination of the two measurements is yCP-yCPKπ=(6.96±0.26±0.13)×10-3, which is four times more precise than the previous world average

Measurement of the charm mixing parameter yCP−yCPKπy_{CP} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} using two-body D0D^0 meson decays

A measurement of the ratios of the effective decay widths of $D^0 \to \pi^-\pi^+$ and $D^0 \to K^-K^+$ decays over that of $D^0 \to K^-\pi^+$ decays is performed with the LHCb experiment using proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $13 \, \mathrm{TeV}$, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $6 \, \mathrm{fb^{-1}}$. These observables give access to the charm mixing parameters $y_{CP}^{\pi\pi} - y_{CP}^{K\pi}$ and $y_{CP}^{KK} - y_{CP}^{K\pi}$, and are measured as $y_{CP}^{\pi\pi} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} = (6.57 \pm 0.53 \pm 0.16) \times 10^{-3}$, $y_{CP}^{KK} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} = (7.08 \pm 0.30 \pm 0.14) \times 10^{-3}$, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The combination of the two measurements is $y_{CP} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} = (6.96 \pm 0.26 \pm 0.13) \times 10^{-3}$, which is four times more precise than the previous world average