Sobre el peligro de una sola historia: análisis de las premisas del interaccionismo simbólico

El siguiente ensayo está basado en cómo se reflejan los postulados del Interaccionismo Simbólico en el discurso de Chimamanda  Adichie, que tituló “El peligro de una sola historia”, publicado por TED en octubre del 2009 y en el cual muestra la “falsedad de la primera impresión”, esto crea estereotipos, que son sesgos que impiden ver la realidad más allá de lo que la mayoría ve

Monitoring Heat Treatments in Steels by a Non Destructive Ultrasonic Method

<div><p>In order to determine if heat treatments can be discerned by nondestructive ultrasonic testing, samples of SAE 1045 and SAE 4140 steels were subjected to the classical heat treatments of annealing, normalizing, quenching, and quenching and tempering, and their elastics constants, Young's, shear and Poisson's moduli, were monitored by ultrasound. Results show that the microstructural differences associated to the various heat treatments generate differences on the elastic constants that can be effectively discerned by the use of longitudinal and shear ultrasonic waves. Special attention is given to Poisson's modulus, since for its determination only times of flight of longitudinal and shear ultrasonic waves, and not the distance the waves travel, are required, which is of quite practical importance, since measurements are simplified and a fundamental source of error is eliminated. It is thus shown that the microstructural evolution of a steel part subjected to heat treatments can be monitored by this simple ultrasonic method.</p></div

20/20 Materia revelada : Muestra de Grado 2019 - II

RESUMEN: 20/20 Materia Revelada, Muestra de grado 2019-II, es el título de un catálogo impreso y digital, que comprende los proyectos de grado de veinticuatro estudiantes de los pregrados de Licenciatura en Artes Plásticas y de Artes plásticas, los cuales fueron expuestos en el Edificio Antioquia (La Naviera) en el 2020, año que no solo marcó el inicio de una nueva década, sino un cambio sustancial en la cotidianidad del hombre y en las maneras de entenderse en colectividad, las cuales repercutieron en las formas de concebir y compartir dichos procesos académicos y artísticos con el otro. En este material encontrarán los proyectos de: presentando a Elizabeth Álvarez, Santiago Arboleda, Hellmán Avendaño, Alejandra Cifuentes, Estefany Gallego, Duván Gallego, Johan Gil, Valentina González, Joan González, Natalia Jiménez, Camila Maya, Ana Mejía, Mariana Múnera, Camilo Pino, Isabel Sánchez, Lorena Soto, Valentina Tejada, Camila Valencia, César Vargas, Lina Velásquez, Yadira Yépez, Ana Bel Zabala, Alexandra Zapata y Sebastián Zuluaga

Health-status outcomes with invasive or conservative care in coronary disease

BACKGROUND In the ISCHEMIA trial, an invasive strategy with angiographic assessment and revascularization did not reduce clinical events among patients with stable ischemic heart disease and moderate or severe ischemia. A secondary objective of the trial was to assess angina-related health status among these patients. METHODS We assessed angina-related symptoms, function, and quality of life with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) at randomization, at months 1.5, 3, and 6, and every 6 months thereafter in participants who had been randomly assigned to an invasive treatment strategy (2295 participants) or a conservative strategy (2322). Mixed-effects cumulative probability models within a Bayesian framework were used to estimate differences between the treatment groups. The primary outcome of this health-status analysis was the SAQ summary score (scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health status). All analyses were performed in the overall population and according to baseline angina frequency. RESULTS At baseline, 35% of patients reported having no angina in the previous month. SAQ summary scores increased in both treatment groups, with increases at 3, 12, and 36 months that were 4.1 points (95% credible interval, 3.2 to 5.0), 4.2 points (95% credible interval, 3.3 to 5.1), and 2.9 points (95% credible interval, 2.2 to 3.7) higher with the invasive strategy than with the conservative strategy. Differences were larger among participants who had more frequent angina at baseline (8.5 vs. 0.1 points at 3 months and 5.3 vs. 1.2 points at 36 months among participants with daily or weekly angina as compared with no angina). CONCLUSIONS In the overall trial population with moderate or severe ischemia, which included 35% of participants without angina at baseline, patients randomly assigned to the invasive strategy had greater improvement in angina-related health status than those assigned to the conservative strategy. The modest mean differences favoring the invasive strategy in the overall group reflected minimal differences among asymptomatic patients and larger differences among patients who had had angina at baseline

Initial invasive or conservative strategy for stable coronary disease

BACKGROUND Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, whether clinical outcomes are better in those who receive an invasive intervention plus medical therapy than in those who receive medical therapy alone is uncertain. METHODS We randomly assigned 5179 patients with moderate or severe ischemia to an initial invasive strategy (angiography and revascularization when feasible) and medical therapy or to an initial conservative strategy of medical therapy alone and angiography if medical therapy failed. The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for unstable angina, heart failure, or resuscitated cardiac arrest. A key secondary outcome was death from cardiovascular causes or myocardial infarction. RESULTS Over a median of 3.2 years, 318 primary outcome events occurred in the invasive-strategy group and 352 occurred in the conservative-strategy group. At 6 months, the cumulative event rate was 5.3% in the invasive-strategy group and 3.4% in the conservative-strategy group (difference, 1.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 3.0); at 5 years, the cumulative event rate was 16.4% and 18.2%, respectively (difference, 121.8 percentage points; 95% CI, 124.7 to 1.0). Results were similar with respect to the key secondary outcome. The incidence of the primary outcome was sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction; a secondary analysis yielded more procedural myocardial infarctions of uncertain clinical importance. There were 145 deaths in the invasive-strategy group and 144 deaths in the conservative-strategy group (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.32). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, we did not find evidence that an initial invasive strategy, as compared with an initial conservative strategy, reduced the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events or death from any cause over a median of 3.2 years. The trial findings were sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction that was used